Assessment of the Quality of Root Canal Fillings-An Ex-Vivo Comparison of CBCT Scans, Conventional Intraoral Sensors, and a Novel Photon-Counting Sensor.

Objectives: To compare a novel photon-counting sensor, two CBCT protocols and two CMOS sensors on the detection of gaps between a gutta-percha cone and root canal walls.

Methods: Twenty-five mandibular incisors were prepared to 45/.04 (size/taper) at working length.

Tubulin Acetylation Enhances Microtubule Stability in Trabecular Meshwork Cells Under Mechanical Stress.

Purpose: To study the roles of tubulin acetylation and cyclic mechanical stretch (CMS) in trabecular meshwork (TM) cells and their impact on outflow pathway physiology and pathology.

Methods: Primary TM cell cultures were subjected to CMS (8% elongation, 24 hours), and acetylated α-tubulin at lysine 40 (Ac-TUBA4) was assessed by western blotting and immunofluorescence. Enzymes regulating tubulin acetylation were identified via siRNA-mediated knockdowns of ATAT1, HDAC6, and SIRT2.

Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) gB dictates a low-pH endocytotic entry pathway as revealed by a dual-fluorescent virus system and a rhesus monkey rhadinovirus expressing KSHV gB.

Interaction with host cell receptors initiates internalization of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) particles. Fusion of viral and host cell membranes, which is followed by release of the viral capsid into the cytoplasm, is executed by the core fusion machinery composed of glycoproteins H (gH), L (gL), and B (gB), that is common to all herpesviruses. KSHV infection has been shown to be sensitive to inhibitors of vacuolar acidification, suggestive of low pH as a fusion trigger.

Rural-Urban Disparities in State-Level Diabetes Prevalence Among US Adults, 2021.

Introduction: We assessed state-level disparities in diabetes prevalence among adults in rural and urban areas in the United States.

Methods: We estimated state-specific diabetes prevalence in rural and urban areas in 41 states with applicable data from the 2021 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Rural areas were defined based on the 2013 National Center for Health Statistics Urban-Rural Classification Scheme.

New therapies to treat cardiac amyloidosis.

Purpose Of Review: Review advancements in therapies for transthyretin (ATTR-CM) and immunoglobulin light chain (AL-CM) cardiac amyloidosis.

Recent Findings: In ATTR-CM, tafamidis remains the cornerstone therapy, with Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval for over 5 years. Acoramidis, another transthyretin stabilizer, has very recently been FDA-approved following positive results in the ATTRibute-CM trial.

Electrical Impedance Tomography meets Reduced Order Modelling: a framework for faster and more reliable electrical conductivity estimations.

Objective: Inclusion of individualised electrical conductivities of head tissues is crucial for the accuracy of electrical source imaging techniques based on electro/magnetoencephalography and the efficacy of transcranial electrical stimulation. Parametric electrical impedance tomography (pEIT) is a method to cheaply and non-invasively estimate them using electrode arrays on the scalp to apply currents and measure the resulting potential distribution. Conductivities are then estimated by iteratively fitting a forward model to the measurements, incurring a prohibitive computational cost that is generally lowered at the expense of accuracy.

Nasal CPAP increases alveolar number in a rhesus monkey model of moderate prematurity.

Rationale: Most premature human infants are born in the moderate to late preterm (MLP) range, ≥30 to <37 weeks gestation and demonstrate increased incidence of wheeze and respiratory illness as they age. Animal models suggest that mechanical lung distention stimulates lung growth and alveolar development. To determine if nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) influences MLP infant lung development, we developed a rhesus monkey model of moderate prematurity, randomized to 9 days of nCPAP or sham nCPAP.

Two-year outcomes using fast-acting sub-perception therapy for spinal cord stimulation: results of a real-world multicenter study in the United States.

Background: Fast-acting Sub-perception Therapy (FAST) is a novel spinal cord stimulation (SCS) modality delivering paresthesia-free pain relief. Our study evaluated the longer-term, real-world impact of FAST on chronic pain.

Research Design And Methods: As part of a multicenter, real-world, consecutive case series, we retrospectively identified patients who used FAST-SCS and analyzed their data.

A power dependence model of the impact of leader impostorism on supervisor support and undermining: The moderating role of power distance.

Leaders, often perceived as possessing exceptional confidence and competence, are not immune to feelings of self-doubt. Leader impostorism describes the experience that one's attributes, experiences, skills, and abilities fall short of the standards expected in the leadership role, resulting in a sense of deception in fulfilling leadership responsibilities. While existing research has examined the antecedents and individual outcomes of leader impostorism, its implications for leaders' treatment of subordinates remain largely unexplored.

Nonbonded Molecular Interaction Controls Aggregation Kinetics of Hydrophobic Molecules in Water.

Molecular aggregation frequently occurs during material synthesis, cellular processes, and drug delivery systems, often resulting in decreased performance and efficiency. One major reason for such aggregation in an aqueous solution is hydrophobicity. While the basic understanding of the aggregation process of hydrophobic molecules from a thermodynamic standpoint is known, the present literature lacks a connection between the aggregation kinetics and the molecular basis of hydrophobicity.

Olaparib as treatment for platinum-sensitive relapsed ovarian cancer by BRCA mutation and homologous recombination deficiency: Phase 2 LIGHT study final overall survival analysis.

Background: LIGHT (oLaparib In HRD-Grouped Tumor types; NCT02983799) prospectively evaluated olaparib treatment in patients with platinum-sensitive relapsed ovarian cancer (PSROC) assigned to cohorts by known BRCA mutation (BRCAm) and homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) status: germline BRCAm (gBRCAm), somatic BRCAm (sBRCAm), HRD-positive non-BRCAm, and HRD-negative. At the primary analysis, olaparib treatment demonstrated activity across all cohorts, with greatest efficacy in terms of objective response rate and progression-free survival observed in the g/sBRCAm cohorts. The authors report final overall survival (OS).

Trifunctional lipid derivatives: PE's mitochondrial interactome.

Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) is a ubiquitous lipid species in higher eukaryotes. Here, we synthesized a multifunctionalized PE derivative (1) designed to identify PE-binding proteins in intact cells through photo-crosslinking and subsequent isolation and proteomic analysis of the PE-protein conjugates. We show that the tool is also useful for tracking PE translocation to mitochondria after uncaging.

Coexisting Calcific Aortic Stenosis and Transthyretin Cardiac Amyloidosis: Real-World Evaluation of Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes.

Background: The coexistence of transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis (ATTR-CA) and aortic stenosis (AS) is increasingly recognized, but the clinical consequences are unclear. We aimed to characterize clinical outcomes in AS plus ATTR-CA compared with only AS or ATTR-CA.

Methods And Results: In a retrospective cohort study, patients with AS only, ATTR-CA only, or AS plus ATTR-CA were identified using all-payer claims data (2015-2021).

Welfare Status in Dairy Cows during Confined and Grazing Periods in the North American Pacific Northwest using Blood Parameters and Visual Assessments.

Grazing is usually associated with higher well-being in dairy cows. However, current research on the welfare of grazing cows lacks validation via blood profiling. We monitored four dairy farms that seasonally graze in the temperate North American Pacific Northwest, USA, to address this gap.

Electrical Heterogeneity in Hispanic Background Subpopulations: The HCHS/SOL.

Background: The Hispanic/Latino population is not uniform. Prevalence and clinical outcomes of cardiac arrhythmias in ethnic background subgroups are variable, but the reasons for differences are unclear. Vectorcardiographic Global Electrical Heterogeneity (GEH) has been shown to be associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes.

Ground Reaction Forces and Joint Moments Predict Metabolic Cost in Physical Performance: Harnessing the Power of Artificial Neural Networks.

Understanding metabolic cost through biomechanical data, including ground reaction forces (GRFs) and joint moments, is vital for health, sports, and rehabilitation. The long stabilization time (2-5 min) of indirect calorimetry poses challenges in prolonged tests. This study investigated using artificial neural networks (ANNs) to predict metabolic costs from the GRF and joint moment time series.

Divergent Transport Dynamics of Alkylated versus Unsubstituted Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons at the Air-Water and Sediment-Water Interfaces at a Legacy Creosote Site.

Alkylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are abundant constituents of many PAH mixtures and contribute to risk at contaminated sites. Despite their abundance, the movement of alkylated PAHs remains understudied relative to unsubstituted PAHs. In the present study, passive sampling devices were deployed in the air, water, and sediments at 11 locations across multiple seasons to capture spatial and temporal variability in the abundance and movement of alkylated PAHs at a Brownsfield creosote site in Oregon, USA.

The potential role of tumor deposits in the prognosis and TNM staging for colorectal cancer.

Background: Tumor deposits (TDs) can impact proper staging of cancer, which is crucial for discussing prognosis and determining the appropriate treatment plan. Our study aimed to correlate how TDs influence prognosis of resected colorectal cancer (CRC) and how to optimize tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) staging with respect to TDs for clinical decision-making.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 611 patients with CRC treated in Jiangsu Cancer Hospital from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2020 among whom 197 had TDs.

Cognitive Remediation to Facilitate Independent Living in Persons With Serious Mental Illness.

Many people with serious mental illness (SMI) experience cognitive disabilities and poor independent living skills which limit their ability to live independently in the community. This study examined the feasibility and initial effectiveness of integrating a new cognitive remediation program, Thinking Skills for Life (TSL), into independent living skills training programs in four secure residential treatment facilities (SRTFs) to facilitate discharge to more independent living situations. Participants were 30 individuals in the SRTF, of whom 11 were forensically committed to the SRTF.

An Expert Consensus Statement for Implementing Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Nightmares in Adults.

Objectives: Research supports cognitive behavioral therapies for nightmares (CBT-N) in adults. However, the nuances of implementation and unstandardized nomenclature for treatment components has created confusion in the field. To provide clarification, an expert consensus panel convened to review treatment manual components and to develop guidelines for the standardized implementation and terminology of CBT-N.