Long Segment Blocking Screws Increase the Stability of Retrograde Nail Fixation in Geriatric Supracondylar Femur Fractures: Eliminating the "Bell-Clapper Effect".

Objectives: To determine the change in stiffness and horizontal translations of a geriatric supracondylar femur fracture model with the addition of distal segment blocking screws versus proximal (long) segment blocking screws to the standard retrograde intramedullary nail construct.

Methods: Unstable supracondylar femur fractures (OTA/AO 33-A3) were created; all specimens were instrumented with a retrograde intramedullary nail. Specimens were divided into 2 groups (6 matched pairs per group).

Author Correction: Changes in Distribution of Dry Eye Disease by the New 2016 Diagnostic Criteria from the Asia Dry Eye Society.

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has been fixed in the paper.

Transdermal Testosterone in Female Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder: A Rapid Qualitative Systematic Review Using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation.

Female hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) is a multifactorial sexual dysfunction disorder characterized by a decrease in sexual desire and personal distress. HSDD occurs in naturally occurring postmenopausal women or secondary to oophorectomy. Multiple studies have assessed the use of transdermal testosterone (TDT) as a management option for patients with HSDD.

Fundus changes in type III membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis: a case report.

Background: Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) is characterized by mesangial cell proliferation and is classified into types I, II and III based on structural changes in the glomerular capillary walls. The drusen-like deposits of MPGN type II have been studied, but the fundus changes in MPGN type III have yet to be clarified. We report a case of MPGN type III with multiple deposits in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE).

Articular Incongruity in the Lower Extremity: How Much Is Too Much?

Intraarticular fractures carry a significant risk for posttraumatic osteoarthritis, and this risk varies across different joint surfaces of the lower extremity. These differences are likely due to the anatomic and biomechanical specifics of each joint surface. High-quality human studies are lacking to delineate the threshold articular incongruity that significantly increases risk for posttraumatic osteoarthritis and diminished clinical outcomes for many joint surfaces.

Changes in Distribution of Dry Eye Disease by the New 2016 Diagnostic Criteria from the Asia Dry Eye Society.

Dry eye disease (DED) is a disorder of the tear film. Here, we delineate the changes in distribution of DED after diagnostic criteria changes from the 2006 Japanese Diagnostic Criteria to the 2016 Asia Dry Eye Society criteria. We included 250 right eyes of 250 patients and all patients completed ophthalmic assessments for DED.

A protocol for non-operative management of uncomplicated appendicitis.

Background: We developed a protocol to identify candidates for non-operative management (NOM) of uncomplicated appendicitis. Our objective was to evaluate protocol efficacy with the null hypothesis that clinical outcomes, hospital readmission rates, and hospital charges would be unchanged after protocol implementation.

Methods: We performed a single-center 4-year propensity score matched retrospective cohort analysis of 406 patients with acute uncomplicated appendicitis.

Hypokalemic Paralysis Secondary to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy.

Introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has led to significant improvements in the treatment of multiple malignancies. Anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) are two essential ICIs that have been FDA approved since 2011. As the use of immunotherapy in melanoma and other malignancies increases, the potential of adverse events also increases.

Successful nonoperative management of uncomplicated appendicitis: predictors and outcomes.

Background: Our objective was to identify predictors of successful nonoperative management (NOM) of uncomplicated appendicitis. We hypothesized that the absence of diabetes, absence of an appendicolith, short duration of symptoms, absence of systemic inflammation, and low modified Alvarado score would predict successful NOM.

Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort analysis of 81 consecutive patients who underwent NOM of uncomplicated appendicitis.

Ultrasound Assisted Catheter-Directed Thrombolysis of Acute Pulmonary Embolism: A Review of Current Literature.

Pulmonary embolism continues as a very common and also presumably life-threatening disorder. For affected individuals with intermediate- as well as high-risk pulmonary embolism, catheter-based revascularization procedures have developed a possible substitute for systemic thrombolysis or for surgical embolectomy. Ultrasound-assisted catheter-directed thrombolysis is an innovative catheter-based approach; which is the main purpose of the present review article.

Association of Zika Virus with Myocarditis, Heart Failure, and Arrhythmias: A Literature Review.

As the concerns regarding Zika virus (ZIKV) are mostly of neurological disorders, especially in neonates and infants, other possible threats of the virus may have been overlooked. Our study focuses on the potential threat that ZIKV may pose to the heart like that of similar arboviral diseases. We conducted a literature search of multiple terms in March 2017 using the search engines, PubMed, Embase, and SCOPUS.

Energy Drinks and the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: A Review of Current Literature.

Energy drinks (EDs) are commonly used as a dietary supplement by young adolescents and adults. They are often used as a source of energy in order to enhance physical and mental performance. EDs contain a variety of substances, but caffeine is the main component.

Ambulatory Heart Failure Monitoring: A Systemic Review.

Heart failure (HF) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality and has a large effect on the country's economy. Although there have been major advances in HF monitoring, including more advanced pharmacological management and device-based therapy, HF-related mortality remains high. It is important to monitor HF so that HF-related hospitalization and mortality can be prevented.

Anomalous Origin of Right Coronary Artery Originating from the Pulmonary Trunk (ARCAPA): an Incidental Finding in a Patient Presenting with Chest Pain.

Anomalous origin of the right coronary artery originating from the pulmonary trunk (ARCAPA) is a rare congenital coronary anomaly with an estimated prevalence of 0.002%. Most patients are asymptomatic and the anomaly is detected incidentally during evaluation for other problems.

Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Association with Cardiac Arrhythmias.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become a public health burden all over the world. A significant percentage of the patients with NAFLD have a co-existing metabolic syndrome that is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Clinical as well as epidemiological research shows that NAFLD is not simply related to liver-related morbidity and mortality but is also associated with an elevated risk of coronary heart disease (CHD), irregularities of cardiac function as well as cardiac structure, valvular heart disease, and arrhythmias.

Does Hemodynamic-Guided Heart Failure Management Reduce Hospitalization? A Systematic Review.

Heart failure (HF) is a pressing health concern as the expense of hospitalization financially burdens the health care system. Hemodynamic monitoring has the potential to detect increases in intracardiac filling pressures weeks before clinical deterioration; hence, preliminary findings of volume overload with the use of these devices may prevent the progression of disease and lead to a reduction in HF-associated hospitalizations. We extensively searched PubMed, Ovid SP, Embase, and Cochrane databases to identify all the possible studies that assess the effect of hemodynamic monitoring on hospitalizations in HF patients.

Link Between Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Atrial Fibrillation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Association between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and various cardiovascular diseases has been demonstrated previously. Recent clinical studies have shown that increased circulating levels of γ glutamyl transpeptidase and liver transaminase, markers which are elevated in NAFLD, increase the risk of new-onset atrial fibrillation. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the available evidence to establish the possible association of increased chances of atrial fibrillation in patients with NAFLD.

Association of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease with Conduction Defects on Electrocardiogram.

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a leading cause of liver disease in developed countries. The association of NAFLD with conduction defects is unknown. The aim of our study was to find whether an association exists between conduction defects and NAFLD.

Coronary-Cameral Fistula Connecting the Left Anterior Descending Artery and the First Obtuse Marginal Artery to the Left Ventricle: A Rare Finding.

Coronary-cameral fistulas are rare congenital malformations, often incidentally found during cardiac catheterizations. The majority of these fistulas are congenital in nature but can be acquired secondary to trauma or invasive cardiac procedures. These fistulas most commonly originate in the right coronary artery and terminate into the right ventricle and least frequently drain into the left ventricle.

Predicting appendiceal tumors among patients with appendicitis.

Background: As nonoperative management of appendicitis gains popularity, vigilance for appendiceal tumors becomes increasingly important. We hypothesized that, among patients presenting with acute appendicitis, those with advanced age, multiple comorbidities, atypical presentation, and complicated appendicitis would be more likely to have underlying appendiceal tumors.

Methods: We performed a 4-year retrospective cohort analysis of 677 consecutive adult patients who underwent appendectomy for appendicitis at our tertiary care center.