Genome-wide screening for deubiquitinase subfamily identifies ubiquitin-specific protease 49 as a novel regulator of odontogenesis.

Proteins expressed by the paired box gene 9 (PAX9) and Msh Homeobox 1 (MSX1) are intimately involved in tooth development (odontogenesis). The regulation of PAX9 and MSX1 protein turnover by deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) plausibly maintain the required levels of PAX9 and MSX1 during odontogenesis. Herein, we used a loss-of-function CRISPR-Cas9-mediated DUB KO library kit to screen for DUBs that regulate PAX9 and MSX1 protein levels.

Influence of inhomogeneity of the polymerization light beam on the microhardness of resin cement under a CAD-CAM block.

Statement Of Problem: The beam profile of a light polymerization unit shows an inhomogeneous distribution. Therefore, the light passing through indirect restorations may be inhomogeneous and affect the polymerization of the resin cement.

Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the effects of the inhomogeneous distribution of irradiance passing through a computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) block on the microhardness of resin cement.

Reliability of Anterior Nasal Spine as a Reference Point After LeFort I Surgery Using Three-Dimensional Analysis.

To evaluate the stability of maxilla following orthognathic surgery, it is necessary to consider the positional change of various landmarks according to bone remodeling of the maxilla. This study aimed to evaluate the stability of the anterior nasal spine (ANS) as a reliable landmark after orthognathic surgery. Forty-seven patients with skeletal class III malocclusion who underwent bimaxillary orthognathic surgery were included.

Anatomical connections among the depressor supercilii, levator labii superioris alaeque nasi, and inferior fibers of orbicularis oculi: Implications for variation in human facial expressions.

The aim of this study was to determine how the depressor supercilii (DS) connects to the levator labii superioris alaeque nasi (LLSAN) and inferior fibers of the orbicularis oculi (OOc INF) in the human midface. While grimacing, contraction of the DS with fibers connecting to the LLSAN and OOc INF can assist in pulling the medial eyebrow downward more than when these connecting fibers are not present. Contraction of these distinct connecting fibers between the DS and the LLSAN can also slightly elevate the nasal ala and upper lip.

Correction: Jun et al. Improvement of Osseointegration by Ultraviolet and/or Simvastatin Treatment on Titanium Implants with or without Bone Graft Materials. 2021, , 3707.

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SRSF1 governs progenitor-specific alternative splicing to maintain adult epithelial tissue homeostasis and renewal.

Alternative splicing generates distinct mRNA variants and is essential for development, homeostasis, and renewal. Proteins of the serine/arginine (SR)-rich splicing factor family are major splicing regulators that are broadly required for organ development as well as cell and organism viability. However, how these proteins support adult organ function remains largely unknown.

Correlation Analysis between Three-Dimensional Changes in Pharyngeal Airway Space and Skeletal Changes in Patients with Skeletal Class II Malocclusion following Orthognathic Surgery.

Introduction: Studies on the pharyngeal airway space (PAS) changes using three-dimensional computed tomography (CT) have shed more light on patients with Class III than Class II malocclusion. This paper focuses on analyzing the long-term changes in the PAS and evaluating the postoperative association between these PAS and skeletal changes in patients with skeletal Class II malocclusion who have undergone orthognathic surgery.

Methods: The records of 21 patients with skeletal Class II malocclusion who had undergone orthognathic surgery were included.

Genome-Wide CRISPR/Cas9-Based Screening for Deubiquitinase Subfamily Identifies Ubiquitin-Specific Protease 11 as a Novel Regulator of Osteogenic Differentiation.

The osteoblast differentiation capacity of mesenchymal stem cells must be tightly regulated, as inadequate bone mineralization can lead to osteoporosis, and excess bone formation can cause the heterotopic ossification of soft tissues. The balanced protein level of Msh homeobox 1 (MSX1) is critical during normal osteogenesis. To understand the factors that prevent MSX1 protein degradation, the identification of deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) for MSX1 is essential.

General gene expression patterns and stemness of the gingiva and dental pulp.

Background/purpose: Due to the unique properties of healing processes and cellular differentiation, the gingiva and dental pulp have attracted attention as a potential source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The purpose of this study was to obtain molecular-level information on these tissues in terms of their function and differentiation processes and investigate stemness.

Materials And Methods: Healthy gingival tissues were collected from patients ( = 9; aged 7-12 years) who underwent simple surgical procedures, and normal dental pulp tissues were obtained from patients ( = 25; aged 11-25 years) undergoing tooth extraction for orthodontic reasons.

Distinctive cytokine profiles of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth and dental pulp stem cells.

Background/purpose: SHED and DPSC have stem cell regenerative potential, but comparative research on their cytokine profile is rare. This study aimed to investigate and compare cytokine profiles secreted from stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) and dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs).

Materials And Methods: SHED-conditioned medium (CM) and DPSC-CM were extracted using seven primary and permanent teeth each.

BBS7-SHH Signaling Activity Regulates Primary Cilia for Periodontal Homeostasis.

Mechanical stimuli are essential for the maintenance of periodontal ligament (PDL) homeostasis. Although there are several studies on atrophic changes in PDL due to occlusal hypofunction, the underlying mechanism is still unknown. Here, we aimed to explore the changes of gene expression in occlusal hypofunctional PDL and elucidate the related role in maintaining the PDL homeostasis.

Inhibition of the Nav1.7 Channel in the Trigeminal Ganglion Relieves Pulpitis Inflammatory Pain.

Pulpitis causes significant changes in the peripheral nervous system, which induce hyperalgesia. However, the relationship between neuronal activity and Nav1.7 expression following pulpal noxious pain has not yet been investigated in the trigeminal ganglion (TG).

Chitosan gel prevents the growth of , and in mini-implant during orthodontic treatment.

Aims: We evaluated the effect of chitosan gel on total oral bacteria, , , and , during orthodontic treatment with mini-implants.

Material And Methods: Thirty subjects with 52 orthodontic mini-implants were divided into three groups: one group was treated with chitosan gel, the other group with chlorhexidine gel, and the control group with placebo. The plaque of the orthodontic -mini-implant area was collected before and after gel treatment.

Clinical Efficacy of Sealer-based Obturation Using Calcium Silicate Sealers: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Introduction: This randomized controlled clinical trial compared the clinical efficacy and outcome of a sealer-based obturation technique (SBO) with calcium silicate sealers and a continuous wave of condensation technique (CWC) with a resin-based sealer.

Methods: Root canals were prepared using rotary instruments and 2.5% sodium hypochlorite.

Correlation between the extent of smoking, salivary protein profiles, and dental caries in young adult smokers.

Unlabelled: Context.Proteins in the saliva are one of the defense mechanism factors that can protect the oral cavity from disease. However, smoking might affect the properties of saliva.

Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Analysis of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cell and Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cell.

Introduction: Many studies have investigated the transcriptome profiles of dental stem cells for regenerative medicine. However, such studies use bulk RNA and do not consider cell-level heterogeneity. Here, we investigated the characteristics and heterogeneity of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) and human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) at the single-cell level and examined the differences between them.

Possible Role of in the Regulation of , , and Gene Expression in Neuronal Cell Cycle: A Preliminary Study.

Objective: This study aimed at evaluating the effect of exposure in gene expression of (family of transcription factors), cyclin-dependent kinase-1 (), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) of the neuronal cell cycle.

Materials And Methods: The culture of neuronal cell line SH-SY5Y was exposed to ATCC 33277, and the gene expression of , , and iNOS was analyzed by using a real-time polymerase chain reaction.

Results: It was shown that , a G1 phase biomarker and transcription factor, was upregulated in neuronal cells exposed to compared with that in control cells.

Evaluation of IL-1α and IL-1β, COX-2, and iNOS mRNA Expression in Orthodontic Patients Given Chitosan Mouthwash During Treatment with Miniscrew.

Objective: Chitosan is a biomaterial with antibacterial properties that may benefit from maintaining peri-miniscrew hygiene and preventing inflammation. This study aimed to evaluate the expression of inflammatory-related molecules from the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) after treatment of 1% chitosan when compared with 0.2% chlorhexidine mouthwash of patients with orthodontic miniscrew.

Characterization of East-Asian Helicobacter pylori encoding Western EPIYA-ABC CagA.

The polymorphic bacterial oncoprotein, CagA shows geography-dependent variation in the C-terminal Glu-Pro-Ile-Tyr-Ala (EPIYA) motifs; East-Asian H. pylori isolates carry the ABD type while Western isolates carry the ABC type. In Western isolates, the EPIYA-C motif is sometimes found in multi-copy and this genotype is associated with disease severity.

Spatiotemporal Changes in Transcriptome of Odontogenic and Non-odontogenic Regions in the Dental Arch of .

Over the past 40 years, studies on tooth regeneration have been conducted. These studies comprised two main flows: some focused on epithelial-mesenchymal interaction in the odontogenic region, whereas others focused on creating a supernumerary tooth in the non-odontogenic region. Recently, the scope of the research has moved from conventional gene modification and molecular therapy to genome and transcriptome sequencing analyses.

Geographic diversity in Helicobacter pylori oipA genotype between Korean and United States isolates.

Helicobacter pylori outer membrane inflammatory protein A (OipA) was originally named for its role in inducing inflammation in the host, as evidenced by high mucosal IL-8 levels. Expression of OipA is regulated by phase variation of a CT dinucleotide-repeat located in the 5' region of the gene. However, little is known about OipA geographic diversity across isolates.

Validation of RNA Aptamer Probes to Image Candida albicans in Paraffin-Embedded Sections of Wistar Rat Tongue.

Objective:  This study aimed to validate the use of Ca-apt-1, an RNA aptamer, that we generated previously as a probe for immunostaining of in rat tongue paraffin-fixed tissue sections MATERIAL AND METHODS:  The performance of Ca-apt-1 as a detector molecule was compared with that of anti- polyclonal antibody (PcAb), which was used as a positive control. Immunostaining images were visualized by light microscopy and were analyzed by using ImageJ software.

Results:  Microscopic results demonstrated that Ca-apt-1 specifically recognized and immunostained cells of rat tongue candidiasis, with a specificity comparable to that of PcAb.

Comparison of Root Filling Quality of Two Types of Single Cone-Based Canal Filling Methods in Complex Root Canal Anatomies: The Ultrasonic Vibration and Thermo-Hydrodynamic Obturation versus Single-Cone Technique.

This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of ultrasonic vibration and thermo-hydrodynamic obturation (VibraTHO) using two types of root canal sealers, in comparison to the single-cone (SC) technique and a calcium silicate-based root canal sealer in complex root canal anatomies. Thirty single-rooted human maxillary premolars with two canals that had a complex root canal anatomy of transverse anastomoses or ramifications were prepared and assigned to the following three experimental groups, according to the filling method: SE group, SC technique with Endoseal TCS; VE group, VibraTHO with Endoseal TCS; and VG group, VibraTHO with GuttaFlow 2. Each tooth was scanned using micro-computed tomography, and the volume percentages of the filling material were calculated.

The diagnostic efficacy of quantitative light-induced fluorescence in detection of dental caries of primary teeth.

Objectives: To evaluate a quantitative light-induced fluorescence (QLF) caries detection method using a portable device under clinical conditions and present a QLF scoring index (QS-index) for primary teeth.

Methods: A total of 878 tooth surfaces (proximal and occlusal) of 44 children were studied. After visual inspection and radiographic examination, images of dental caries captured with the QLF device were classified according to caries progression stages and analyzed with a specialized software.

Runx3 regulates iron metabolism via modulation of BMP signalling.

Objectives: Runx3, a member of the Runx family of transcription factors, has been studied as a tumour suppressor and key player of organ development. In a previous study, we reported differentiation failure and excessive angiogenesis in the liver of Runx3 knock-out (KO) mice. Here, we examined a function of the Runx3 in liver, especially in iron metabolism.