Positive Margin Rates in Oral Cavity and Oropharyngeal Malignancies: A National Analysis.

Objective: Oral cavity malignancies (OCC) and oropharyngeal malignancies (OPC) historically have higher rates of positive surgical margins (PSM) compared to other solid malignancies. The objective of this study is to understand trends and predictors in positive surgical margins (PSM) for OPSCC and OCSCC using the National Cancer Database (NCDB).

Study Design: Retrospective Cohort Study.

Pediatric Sublingual Dermoid Cyst: Diagnostic Challenges and Surgical Management in a 13-Year-Old Boy.

BACKGROUND Ranulas are typical causes of sublingual cysts in children. However, our case was histopathologically confirmed to be a dermoid cyst. Epidermoid and dermoid cysts of the floor of the mouth account for <0.

Local anaesthesia with conscious sedation in parotid gland tumour resection: a retrospective review.

Objectives: This study explored the suitability of local anaesthesia with conscious sedation for parotid gland tumour surgery.

Methods: Three hundred sixty-four medical records were reviewed to gather data on several key aspects for retrospective analysis. These included age, incision length, operation time, tumour size, NNIS score, ASA score, and pathology.

Low-molecular-weight polyphenol promotes cell sensitivity to cisplatin and alleviates cancer-related muscle atrophy via NF-κB suppression in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Objective: Drug resistance and subsequent adverse effects, such as cancer cachexia, limit the clinical use of cisplatin. Oligonol® (Olg), a low-molecular-weight polyphenol, exhibits NF-κB inhibitory properties. NF-κB activation has been implicated in cisplatin resistance of cancer cells and skeletal muscle wasting.

Folate receptor-targeted thiol-maleimide clicked chitosan/carboxymethyl cellulose nanoparticles for cisplatin delivery in oral carcinoma.

This study aimed to develop cisplatin (CDDP)-loaded folic acid (FA)-decorated nanoparticles (NPs) as targeted drug carrier towards overexpressed folate receptors on the oral carcinoma cell line (KB cells). The FA-conjugated thiolated succinyl chitosan (FA-SH-SCS) and maleimide-grafted-carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-MAL) were synthesized and acquired in the preparation of NPs via thiol-maleimide click reaction. The physicochemical characteristics, drug loading, and drug release of the FA-decorated NPs (FA-NPs) were examined.

Comprehensive pharmacokinetic profiling of twelve compounds from Phellinus Igniarius extract in rats by UHPLC-MS/MS.

The medicinal fungus Phellinus Igniarius (P. igniarius) has been demonstrated to possess a variety of pharmacological effects, including anti-oxidant, anti-tumor, blood circulation promotion, anti-diarrheal and sedative properties, etc. In order to gain a deeper understanding of the components in P.

Automated classification of pathological differentiation in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma using combined radiomics models from CET1WI and T2WI.

Objectives: This study aims to develop an automated radiomics-based model to grade the pathological differentiation of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and to assess the influence of various magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences on the model's performance.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed MRI data from 256 patients across two medical centers, including both contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images (CET1WI) and T2-weighted images (T2WI). Regions of interest were delineated for radiomics feature extraction, followed by dimensionality reduction.

Invasive cervical root resorption in a cancer patient: A rare case report with 2 years of follow-up and literature review.

Introduction: Cases involving invasive cervical root resorption (ICRR) in oncological patients are rare, in addition, follow-up of these patients has not yet been reported in the literature.

Objective: This study aims to present a literature review and report a case of denosumab as a possible cause of ICRR in a patient with breast cancer with 2 years of follow-up.

Case Report: A 39-year-old female with a history of luminal breast cancer was treated with denosumab semiannually for osteopenia with discontinuation 1 year ago.

Clinical and dosimetric feasibility of sparing submandibular gland in patients with oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: To investigate the incidence of submandibular gland (SMG) involvement and explore the feasibility of sparing SMG in the oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed patients between January 2018 to October 2022. Ten patients with tongue squamous cell carcinoma receiving postoperative radiotherapy were replanned to investigate the feasibility of sparing SMG.

Unveiling the Potential of Tetrahedral DNA Frameworks in Clinical Medicine: Mechanisms, Advances, and Future Perspectives.

As deoxyribonucleic acis (DNA) nanotechnology advances, DNA, a fundamental biological macromolecule, has been employed to treat various clinical diseases. Among the advancements in this field, tetrahedral frameworks nucleic acids (tFNAs) have gained significant attention due to their straightforward design, structural simplicity, low cost, and high yield since their introduction by Turberfield in the early 2000s. Due to its stable spatial structure, tFNAs can resist the impact of innate immune responses on DNA and nuclease activity.

Unraveling the interplay of CD8 + T cells and microRNA signaling in cancer: implications for immune dysfunction and therapeutic approaches.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) emerge as critical regulators of CD8 + T cell function within the complex tumor microenvironment (TME). This review explores the multifaceted interplay between miRNAs and CD8 + T cells across various cancers. We discuss how specific miRNAs influence CD8 + T cell activation, recruitment, infiltration, and effector function.

A multicenter, randomized, parallel-controlled clinical trial protocol to evaluate the safety and efficacy of irreversible electroporation compared with radiofrequency ablation for the treatment of small hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: At present, the main clinical application of local ablation therapy, such as radiofrequency ablation (RFA), is to heat the tissue to a certain temperature. However, high temperature will cause thermal damage. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a novel minimally invasive local ablation technology for tumors.

Amorphous Solid Dispersions of Glycyrrhetinic Acid: Using Soluplus, PVP, and PVPVA as the Polymer Matrix to Enhance Solubility, Bioavailability, and Stability.

Glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) possesses various pharmacological effects, including anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and anti-viral properties. However, its clinical application is limited by poor solubility and low oral bioavailability. Polymers play a crucial role in pharmaceutical formulations, particularly as matrices in excipients to enhance the solubility, bioavailability, and stability of active pharmaceutical ingredients.

CT-based clinical-radiomics model to predict progression and drive clinical applicability in locally advanced head and neck cancer.

Background: Definitive chemoradiation is the primary treatment for locally advanced head and neck carcinoma (LAHNSCC). Optimising outcome predictions requires validated biomarkers, since TNM8 and HPV could have limitations. Radiomics may enhance risk stratification.

Epidemiological landscape of tongue cancer in younger patients in a National Cancer Center in Brazil.

This study investigates the changing epidemiological profile of tongue squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) to young patients, highlighting its rising incidence among non-traditional risk groups. A retrospective descriptive study was conducted, covering data from medical records between 2000 and 2012. Patients were categorised into two age groups (≤ 40 years; 41-50 years).

Exploring the Rarity: Clinical insights and histopathological diversity of hybrid desmoplastic-plexiform ameloblastoma.

Ameloblastoma represents a rare and locally aggressive odontogenic neoplasm, notable for its histopathological diversity. Among its subtypes, the desmoplastic and plexiform variants are relatively rare, with the hybrid form, encompassing both architectural patterns, representing an even more exceptional entity. This article delineates the clinical, radiological, and histopathological profile of a 45-year-old male presenting with pain persisting over the past month in the right posterior maxillary region.

Synthetic inhibition of SREBP2 and the mevalonate pathway blocks rhabdomyosarcoma tumor growth in vitro and in vivo and promotes chemosensitization.

By analyzing RNA datasets from rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), a soft tissue tumor with a prevalence in young people, we found upregulation of sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2 (SREBP2) and mevalonate pathway (MVP) genes, including 3-Hydroxy-3-Methylglutaryl-CoA Reductase (HMGCR), farnesyl-diphosphate synthase (FDPS), squalene epoxidase (SQLE), which correlated with worse overall patient survival and predicted statin sensitivity. In human RD and RH30 lines, treatment with 0.01-1 μM doses of fatostatin (SREBP2 inhibitor), lovastatin and simvastatin (HMGCR inhibitors), and zoledronic acid (FDPS inhibitor) impaired cell growth and migration, which were conversely stimulated by 50-100 μM cholesterol (CHO) supplementation.

Silymarin Nanoparticles Counteract Cognitive Impairment Induced by Doxorubicin and Cyclophosphamide in Rats; Insights into Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Nrf2/HO-1 Axis.

Most cancer patients suffer cognitive impairment following chemotherapy, recognized as "chemobrain". Principally, doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide are frequently utilized conjointly for the treatment of several kinds of tumors. Silymarin was reported to possess anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective impacts.

Effects of Cannabidiol on Biomineralization and Inflammatory Mediators Expression in Immortalized Murine Dental Pulp Cells and Macrophages under Pro-Inflammatory Conditions.

Objectives: This study investigated the in vitro effects of cannabidiol (CBD) on dental pulp cells and macrophages under pro-inflammatory conditions.

Materials And Methods: Mouse dental pulp undifferentiated cells (OD-21) were pre-stimulated with tumor necrosis factor alpha (10 ng/mL) or left untreated, then exposed to CBD at concentrations of 0.01 µM, 0.

ULBP2 promotes progression of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma by modulating MAPK signaling pathway.

Background: UL16-binding protein 2 (ULBP2) is significantly overexpressed in diverse cancers, it may also serve as a potential prognostic factor. Nonetheless, the mechanism of action and functions associated with ULBP2 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC) are unexplored. This study aims to clarify the role and mechanism of ULBP2 in HNSCC and determine whether this molecule promotes tumor progression through modulation multiple downstream MAPK signaling.

Endosonography in head and neck imaging and surgery.

This CME article explores the evolving role of endosonography in otorhinolaryngology and head and neck surgery. Endosonography offers significant potential to improve imaging inside the upper respiratory tract, particularly with advancements in probe technology and imaging resolution. The article will describe the sonoanatomy of the oral cavity, pharynx, and larynx and the selection of probes and scanning techniques used for the various anatomical sites.

Immunotherapeutic strategies beyond the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma - A scoping review on current developments in agents targeting TIM-3, TIGIT, LAG-3, and VISTA.

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) poses a considerable challenge due to its high incidence and mortality rates. Immunotherapy targeting PD-(L)1 emerges as a promising approach for HNSCC, as it has the potential to trigger a broad and long-lasting anti-tumor response. Nevertheless, the effectiveness of immunotherapy encounters hurdles, and only a small proportion of patients benefit, with many eventually experiencing relapse.

Prototype of an App Designed to Support Self-Management for Health Behaviors and Weight in Women Living With Breast Cancer: Qualitative User Experience Study.

Background: Accessible self-management interventions are required to support people living with breast cancer.

Objective: This was an industry-academic partnership study that aimed to collect qualitative user experience data of a prototype app with built-in peer and coach support designed to support the management of health behaviors and weight in women living with breast cancer.

Methods: Participants were aged ≥18 years, were diagnosed with breast cancer of any stage within the last 5 years, had completed active treatment, and were prescribed oral hormone therapy.

A phase 1 study of the CDK9 inhibitor voruciclib in relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia and B-cell malignancies.

The anti-apoptotic protein myeloid cell leukemia-1 (Mcl-1) contributes to the pathophysiology of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and certain B-cell malignancies. Tumor dependence on Mcl-1 is associated with resistance to venetoclax. Voruciclib, an oral cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor targeting CDK9, indirectly decreases Mcl-1 protein expression and synergizes with venetoclax in preclinical models.

Howell-Jolly Body-Like Neutrophil Inclusions Following Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Case Report.

BACKGROUND In several studies, the presence of Howell-Jolly body-like inclusions within neutrophils has been observed in cases of HIV infection, SARS-CoV-2 infection, post-transplant immunosuppression, and during chemotherapy or antiviral therapy. The phenomenon of neutrophils exhibiting Howell-Jolly body-like inclusions on peripheral blood smears can be attributable to viral infections or the pharmacological effects of medications. CASE REPORT A 14-year-old male patient who had received a diagnosis of lymphoblastic leukemia a year ago underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and was readmitted due to a recurrence of gastrointestinal graft-versus-host disease (GVHD).