Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Anxious and Depressed Youth: Improving Homework Adherence Through Mobile Technology.

Background: Anxiety and mood disorders are the most common mental illnesses, peaking during adolescence and affecting approximately 25% of Canadians aged 14-17 years. If not successfully treated at this age, they often persist into adulthood, exerting a great social and economic toll. Given the long-term impact, finding ways to increase the success and cost-effectiveness of mental health care is a pressing need.

Descriptive analysis of pro re nata medication use at a Canadian psychiatric hospital.

Pro re nata (PRN), a Latin phrase meaning 'as needed', is used to describe medications that might be used in specific situations, in addition to regularly-scheduled medications, such as when a patient is particularly anxious, experiencing insomnia, or suffering pain. While helpful in some circumstances, PRN are associated with an increased risk of morbidity, overuse, dependence, and polypharmacy. There is also a dearth of medical literature describing current practices and trends of PRN administration in mental health facilities, especially in Canada, and the literature that does exist is limited by poor documentation practices.

Implementation of a clinical practice guideline for schizophrenia in a specialist mental health center: an observational study.

Background: In mental health settings, implementation of and adherence to clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) is low. Strategies are needed to overcome barriers and facilitate successful implementation of CPGs into standard care. The goals of this study were to develop a framework for the implementation of a CPG for schizophrenia for hospitalized service users in a mental health care facility, and to monitor adherence to the guideline.

Computer-based tools for assessing micro-longitudinal patterns of cognitive function in older adults.

Patterns of cognitive change over micro-longitudinal timescales (i.e., ranging from hours to days) are associated with a wide range of age-related health and functional outcomes.

Mgat5 modulates the effect of early life stress on adult behavior and physical health in mice.

Psychosocial adversity in early life increases the likelihood of mental and physical illness, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Mgat5 is an N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase in the Golgi pathway that remodels the N-glycans of glycoproteins at the cell surface. Mice lacking Mgat5 display conditional phenotypes in behaviour, immunity, metabolism, aging and cancer susceptibility.

Mental Health Issues and Special Care Patients.

Mental illness is a major health issue in the world today, yet often remains misunderstood, unrecognized, and undertreated. Patients suffering from severe psychiatric disorders generally display poor oral health, often as a consequence of both lifestyle and avoidant-type behaviors that become exacerbated by their illness. Individuals with severe mental illness display a greater incidence of oral disease compared with a similar demographic not dealing with these particular disorders.

Factors influencing treatment team recommendations to review tribunals for forensic psychiatric patients.

It is the responsibility of forensic psychiatric hospitals to detain and treat patients, gradually reintegrating them into society; decisions to release patients must balance risk to the public with maintaining the least restrictive environment for patients. Little is known about the factors considered when making such decisions and whether these factors have been empirically linked to future risk of violence. The current study explores the factors predictive of forensic treatment teams' recommendations for patients under the care of the Ontario Review Board (ORB).

The assessment of dynamic risk among forensic psychiatric patients transitioning to the community.

Individuals with serious mental illness (SMI; i.e., psychotic or major mood disorders) are vulnerable to experiencing multiple forms of adverse safety events in community settings, including violence perpetration and victimization.

Computerized Self-Administered Measures of Mood and Appetite for Older Adults: The Novel Assessment of Nutrition and Ageing Toolkit.

The "Novel Assessment of Nutrition and Ageing" (NANA) toolkit is a computerized system for collecting longitudinal information about older adults' health and behavior. Here, we describe the validation of six items for measuring older adults' self-reported mood and appetite as part of the NANA system. In Study 1, 48 community-living older adults (aged 65-89 years) completed NANA measures of their current mood and appetite alongside standard paper measures, on three occasions, in a laboratory setting.

Does familiarity affect the enjoyment of touchscreen games for people with dementia?

Introduction: Previous research has indicated that people living with dementia are able to use touchscreen technology, which presents an opportunity to deliver meaningful and engaging activities for people to pass the time independently. The challenge is to identify suitable applications from the thousands that are currently available, and familiarity, where an app is a digital version of an existing real world game, may be one solution.

Objectives: To evaluate the concept of familiarity in gameplay with people living with dementia by comparing a known game with a novel game and measuring whether users are able to play these games independently and whether they enjoy doing so.

Forensic Occupational Therapy in Canada: The Current State of Practice.

Although occupational therapists have been practicing in forensic settings for many years, there is a paucity of literature regarding the nature of this practice in Canada. The purpose of this study was to describe the practices of Canadian occupational therapists in forensic mental health. An online survey was designed based on the Canadian Practice Process Framework.

An integrative review exploring decision-making factors influencing mental health nurses in the use of restraint.

Unlabelled: WHAT IS KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT?: There is emerging evidence highlighting the counter therapeutic impact of the use of restraint and promoting the minimization of this practice in mental health care. Mental health nurses are often the professional group using restraint and understanding factors influencing their decision-making becomes critical. To date, there are no other published papers that have undertaken a similar broad search to review this topic.

Microdeletion 8q22.2-q22.3 in a 40-year-old male.

Background: Interstitial deletions at chromosome 8q22.2-q22.3 have been rarely reported in the literature.

Engaging Street-Involved Youth in Dialectical Behaviour Therapy: A Secondary Analysis.

Objective: The objective of this secondary analysis was to identify factors associated with engagement of street-involved youth in a Dialectical Behavioural Therapy (DBT) intervention.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional correlational study. Youth were recruited from two agencies providing services to street-involved youth in Canada.

Assessing illness- and non-illness-based motivations for violence in persons with major mental illness.

Research on violence perpetrated by individuals with major mental illness (MMI) typically focuses on the presence of specific psychotic symptoms near the time of the violent act. This approach does not distinguish whether symptoms actually motivate the violence or were merely present at the material time. It also does not consider the possibility that non-illness-related factors (e.

Translating Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Anxious Youth to Rural-Community Settings via Tele-Psychiatry.

This study aimed to determine the feasibility of translating cognitive behavioral therapy for anxious youth to rural-community settings via tele-psychiatry training. A 20-week group-supervision training program was delivered to ten different groups from different agencies within Northern Ontario. Each group consisted of four to nine clinicians with child therapy background not specific to CBT (n = 78, 51% social workers, 49% other mental health disciplines).

Facilitators of and barriers to hip protector acceptance and adherence in long-term care facilities: a systematic review.

Background: Hip protectors represent an attractive strategy for reducing hip fractures among high-risk fallers in long-term care facilities. However, clinical studies yield conflicting results regarding their clinical value. This is mainly due to poor acceptance and adherence among users in wearing these devices.

Stroke rehabilitation and patients with multimorbidity: a scoping review protocol.

Stroke care presents unique challenges for clinicians, as most strokes occur in the context of other medical diagnoses. An assessment of capacity for implementing "best practice" stroke care found clinicians reporting a strong need for training specific to patient/system complexity and multimorbidity. With mounting patient complexity, there is pressure to implement new models of healthcare delivery for both quality and financial sustainability.

Positive and negative behaviours in workplace relationships: a scoping review protocol.

Introduction: Engaging in teamwork requires a clear understanding of positive and negative behaviours that act as facilitators and barriers to collegial workplace relationships. Identifying and correcting underlying barriers, while promoting facilitators, is fundamental to improving care delivery and, ultimately, clinical outcomes. Despite a considerable amount of literature in this area, there is a lack of clarity of the different behaviours as several parallel literatures address similar questions about antecedents, processes and outcomes.

Long-term clinical course and outcome of schizophrenia in rural Ethiopia: 10-year follow-up of a population-based cohort.

Background: Although the few available studies from LMICs report favorable outcome, the course of schizophrenia is more complex than has been indicated so far.

Methods: A sample of 361 people with a standardized clinical diagnosis of schizophrenia were recruited from a predominantly rural community in Ethiopia and followed up regularly for an average of 10years. Psychiatrists used the Longitudinal Interval Follow-up Evaluation chart to carry out assessment of illness course.

Validation of the NANA (Novel Assessment of Nutrition and Ageing) touch screen system for use at home by older adults.

Prospective measurement of nutrition, cognition, and physical activity in later life would facilitate early detection of detrimental change and early intervention but is hard to achieve in community settings. Technology can simplify the task and facilitate daily data collection. The Novel Assessment of Nutrition and Ageing (NANA) toolkit was developed to provide a holistic picture of an individual's function including diet, cognition and activity levels.

The effect of multiple family therapy on weight gain in adolescents with anorexia nervosa: pilot data.

Objective: Preliminary research suggests that multiple family therapy (MFT) may be an effective intervention for adolescent anorexia nervosa (AN). This study compared the extent of weight restoration for patients enrolled in one year of MFT compared to a matched control group receiving treatment as usual (TAU).

Method: A retrospective chart review was performed using data from 25 MFT cases matched to 25 controls on age, diagnosis and year of entry to the eating disorder program.

Telemedicine as a tool to mitigate cardiometabolic risk associated with serious mental illness.

People with serious mental illness suffer from substantially higher rates of cardiometabolic morbidity and mortality than the general population. We have evaluated the efficacy of telemedicine for providing cardiometabolic risk management services compared to in-person care. A retrospective chart review was conducted in order to compare changes in body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure and serum triglycerides before and after telemedicine (n=38).

Developing CIRCA-BC and exploring the role of the computer as a third participant in conversation.

The Computer Interactive Reminiscence Conversation Aid (CIRCA) is a software program using touch screen technology and digital materials from public archives to support conversation between people with dementia and their carers. In this 2-phase study, we first worked with seniors' focus groups to identify and select relevant content for a regional adaptation of CIRCA (British Columbia version of CIRCA [CIRCA-BC]). We then pilot tested CIRCA-BC with 3 participants having dementia and a conversation partner, analyzing their interactions to explore how they drew on program content and format to shape their conversations together.