New surgical technique for creation of a continent appendicostomy: Invaginated appendicostomy.

Introduction: The main complications of appendicostomy are stenosis and stomal fecal leakage. Although many authors report that the appendix is naturally continent, it is recommended to perform a plication of the cecum with the appendix to prevent stomal fecal leakage. We present here the creation of a different continent mechanism.

Urinary MicroRNA Profiling Predicts the Development of Microalbuminuria in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes.

Microalbuminuria provides the earliest clinical marker of diabetic nephropathy among patients with Type 1 diabetes, yet it lacks sensitivity and specificity for early histological manifestations of disease. In recent years microRNAs have emerged as potential mediators in the pathogenesis of diabetes complications, suggesting a possible role in the diagnosis of early stage disease. We used quantiative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) to evaluate the expression profile of 723 unique microRNAs in the normoalbuminuric urine of patients who did not develop nephropathy (n = 10) relative to patients who subsequently developed microalbuminuria (n = 17).

Unexpected megarectum: A potential hidden source of complications in patients with anorectal malformation.

Background: Primary posterior sagittal anorectoplasty is recommended to repair anorectal malformations with rectoperineal or rectovestibular fistula. The aim of this study was to identify the impact of the presence of megarectum on the relative frequency of complications related to posterior sagittal anorectoplasty.

Methods: We performed a cross-sectional retrospective study including patients with anorectal malformation, preoperative rectogram and surgically treated with primary or staged posterior sagittal anorectoplasty.