Seronegative Antiphospholipid Syndrome: A Challenging Case Report.

Seronegative antiphospholipid syndrome (SN-APS) is uncommon and challenging condition, which should be included in the differential diagnosis of stroke in young, since it can result in arterial thrombosis.SN-APS is typically diagnosed by exclusion; however, it is crucial to recognize it in order to choose the best antithrombotic treatment to lower the recurrence rate.

Histology Agnostic Drug Development: An Updated Review.

Recent advancements in oncology have led to the development of histology-agnostic therapies, which target genetic alterations irrespective of the tumor's tissue of origin. This review aimed to provide a comprehensive update on the current state of histology-agnostic drug development, focusing on key therapies, including pembrolizumab, larotrectinib, entrectinib, dostarlimab, dabrafenib plus trametinib, selpercatinib, trastuzumab deruxtecan, and reprotrectinib. We performed a detailed analysis of each therapy's mechanism of action, clinical trial outcomes, and associated biomarkers.

Recurrent stroke admissions with without COVID-19 and associated in-hospital mortality: A United States nationwide analysis, 2020.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been shown to increase the risk of stroke. However, the prevalence and risk of recurrent stroke in COVID-19 patients with prior stroke/transient ischemic attack (TIA), as well as its impact on mortality, are not established.

Aim: To evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on in-hospital mortality, length of stay, and healthcare costs in patients with recurrent strokes.

Target-Driven Tissue-Agnostic Drug Approvals-A New Path of Drug Development.

The regulatory approvals of tumor-agnostic therapies have led to the re-evaluation of the drug development process. The conventional models of drug development are histology-based. On the other hand, the tumor-agnostic drug development of a new drug (or combination) focuses on targeting a common genomic biomarker in multiple cancers, regardless of histology.

A Rare Case of Diffuse Idiopathic Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Cell Hyperplasia: A Case Report.

Diffuse idiopathic pulmonary neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia (DIPNECH) is a rare pulmonary disease characterized by the diffuse proliferation of neuroendocrine cells in the bronchial epithelium. It is considered a preinvasive precursor to carcinoid tumors and usually presents with obstructive symptoms. We present the case of a 71-year-old female, non-smoker, with a past medical history of asthma, osteoarthritis, allergic rhinitis, and hyperlipidemia who was referred to the pulmonology clinic in view of incidental chest CT findings of multiple pulmonary nodules.

A Retrospective Cohort Study From the National Inpatient Sample Database (2016-2019): Does Obesity Affect the Outcomes of Hospitalization Due to Hepatocellular Carcinoma?

Introduction: Obesity is commonly reported to be associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) along with higher risks of mortality. However, there is a significant research gap regarding the outcomes of hospitalization due to HCC among obese patients compared to those without obesity. This study compares the outcomes of hospitalization among those two groups.

Assay Interference Causing Persistently Elevated Vancomycin Levels Leading to Treatment Failure and Fatal Outcome.

In patients receiving vancomycin therapy, serum drug levels are routinely monitored to ensure therapeutic dosing and minimize toxicity. In rare cases, vancomycin levels may be falsely or persistently elevated without any apparent cause. In this case report, we explore a rare case of persistently elevated vancomycin levels despite discontinuation of the drug for days.

Application of Artificial Intelligence in Neuroendocrine Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment: A Systematic Review.

Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) represent a heterogeneous group of neoplasms with diverse clinical presentations and prognoses. Accurate and timely diagnosis of these tumors is crucial for appropriate management and improved patient outcomes. In recent years, exciting advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) technologies have been revolutionizing medical diagnostics, particularly in the realm of detecting and characterizing pulmonary NETs, offering promising avenues for improved patient care.

Primary Biliary Cholangitis With Pulmonary Manifestations and Concurrent Enterococcus Pneumonia: A Diagnostic Challenge Resembling Sarcoidosis or Silicosis.

Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is common in females during middle age, presenting with fatigue and itching. In our case, an African-American male patient presented with abdominal pain, vomiting, fatigue, and lung manifestations such as interstitial lung disease, granulomatous lung disease, and pulmonary hypertension. In our case, the patient reported abdominal pain and fatigue with abnormal chest X-ray findings (bilateral pulmonic nodular lesion with calcifications), which mimicked silicosis/sarcoidosis lung findings such as bronchiectasis and parenchymal nodules.

Primary Tubercular Chorioretinitis Without a Pulmonary Focus: A Case Report.

Ocular tuberculosis (TB) can affect various eye structures and may manifest independently of systemic TB. Typically, it arises from hematogenous dissemination from a primary focus; however, in exceptional instances, it may originate as a primary infection after epithelial injury. Diagnosing TB in an extrapulmonary site presents a significant clinical challenge.

Cyclophosphamide, Bortezomib, and Dexamethasone and Severe Systolic Heart Failure: A Case Report.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a neoplastic proliferation of plasma cells in bone marrow. Pharmacotherapy for the management of patients with MM includes drug classes like proteasome inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies, immunomodulators, alkylating agents, steroids, etc. We present a case of new-onset heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) in a patient with previously normal ejection fraction after treatment with a cyclophosphamide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone (CyBorD) chemotherapeutic regimen.

Prevalence, outcomes, and complications of vitamin D deficiency among patients with multiple myeloma: Nationwide burden of disease.

Multiple myeloma (MM), constituting 10% of hematological malignancies, poses significant morbidity and mortality, especially with skeletal involvement. Bisphosphonate use in MM may lead to severe hypocalcemia due to vitamin D deficiency (VDD), exacerbating bone-marrow plasma cell burden. We aimed to assess VDD prevalence and its impact on outcomes in MM patients.

Plasmodium falciparum Malaria Presenting as a Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (TTP) Mimic: A Case Report.

Malaria can present with clinical manifestations overlapping with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP). We present the case of a 55-year-old female who presented with abdominal pain, fever, confusion, dehydration, and recent travel to Nigeria. Laboratory investigations were remarkable for low hemoglobin, decreased platelets, and elevated lactate.

Primary Effusion Lymphoma Secondary to Human Herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) Infection in an Immunocompetent Host: A Case Report.

Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) is a rare, aggressive, mature type of B-cell lymphoma that usually causes malignant, lymphomatous effusions in the absence of a solid mass. This is commonly seen in immunosuppressed individuals such as those with underlying malignancies, human immunodeficiency virus infection (HIV), cirrhosis, and a history of solid organ transplantation who are infected with human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8). Clinical presentation varies depending on the extent of disease like shortness of breath, abdominal distention, and typical B symptoms like weight loss, fever, and night sweats.

Four-Year Follow-Up of a Case of Yellow Nail Syndrome With IgM Deficiency.

Yellow nail syndrome is a rare condition occurring sporadically, with an extremely low prevalence rate. This syndrome classically presents with a triad of lower extremity edema, yellow nails, and mucosal issues such as pleural effusion and/or chronic sinusitis. Two out of the three features are deemed sufficient to diagnose a person with yellow nail syndrome.

Sepsis Unveils T-cell Large Granular Lymphocytic Leukemia in the Setting of End-Stage Renal Disease: A Rare Hematologic Malignancy.

Large granular lymphocytic (LGL) leukemia is a rare chronic lymphoproliferative disorder originating from natural killer cells or T lymphocytes. In this report, we present the case of a 66-year-old female initially treated for sepsis, withmethicillin-sensitive  identified on initial blood culture prompting intravenous (IV) antibiotic therapy. The patient met systemic inflammatory response syndrome criteria upon admission due to severe neutropenia.

Ventricular Tachycardia Crisis: Assessing Norepinephrine vs. Stress Steroids in the Battle Against Waterhouse-Friderichsen Syndrome With Distributive Shock.

Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome (WFS) is a rare but life-threatening complication associated with acute hemorrhagic necrosis of the adrenal glands, primarily linked to meningococcal infection. This report details the case of a 62-year-old female with HIV/AIDS and substance misuse who presented with ventricular tachycardia and hemodynamic instability. Subsequent evaluation revealed WFS in the context of disseminated meningococcal infection.

Bradycardia, Renal Failure, Atrioventricular Block, Shock, and Hyperkalemia (BRASH) Syndrome Emergence in a Unique Intersection of COVID-19 and End-Stage Renal Disease: A Case Report.

Bradycardia, renal failure, atrioventricular (AV) block, shock, and hyperkalemia (BRASH) syndrome is a rare clinical entity that poses challenges for healthcare practitioners. It is characterized by bradycardia, renal failure, atrioventricular (AV) obstruction, shock, and hyperkalemia. This case is an interesting instance of BRASH syndrome in the setting of COVID-19 infection and end-stage renal disease (ESRD).

Long-Lasting SARS-CoV-2 Infection With Post-COVID-19 Chronic Interstitial Pneumonia in a Patient With Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Treated Successfully With Intravenous Immunoglobulin.

Post-coronavirus disease 2019 (post-COVID-19) condition is a post-acute syndrome characterized by non-specific symptoms that remain for at least two months and typically appear three months after the start of the acute phase. Individuals with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) are considered to be at high risk of contracting COVID-19. It is also becoming increasingly evident that the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine response is frequently lacking or insufficient.

Biphasic Peritoneal Mesothelioma Is a Rare Tumor and a Diagnostic Challenge: A Case Report.

Malignant peritoneal mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare subtype of mesothelioma. There are three main histological subtypes of mesothelioma: epithelioid, sarcomatoid, and biphasic (mixed). Risk factors include asbestos exposure, previous radiation, and some germline mutations.

A Case Report of Paralysis and Respiratory Difficulty in a Patient With a Recent History of Complicated Pregnancy - An Uncommon Expression of Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis.

Renal tubular acidosis type 1 (RTA-1) is a disorder where kidneys are unable to acidify urine, which ultimately results in normal anion gap metabolic acidosis. Its initial presentations and subsequent clinical manifestations can vary depending on the underlying cause and severity of the disease. We report a case of a 26-year-old female with a recent history of complicated pregnancy.