Noninvasive Scale Measurement of Stroke Volume and Cardiac Output Compared With the Direct Fick Method: A Feasibility Study.

Background Objective markers of cardiac function are limited in the outpatient setting and may be beneficial for monitoring patients with chronic cardiac conditions. We assess the accuracy of a scale, with the ability to capture ballistocardiography, electrocardiography, and impedance plethysmography signals from a patient's feet while standing on the scale, in measuring stroke volume and cardiac output compared with the gold-standard direct Fick method. Methods and Results Thirty-two patients with unexplained dyspnea undergoing level 3 invasive cardiopulmonary exercise test at a tertiary medical center were included in the final analysis.