Clinical Features and HSCT Outcome for SCID in Turkey.

Unlabelled: Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) is the most serious PID, characterized by T cell lymphopenia and lack of antigen-specific T cell and B cell immune responses, inevitably leading to death within the first year of life if hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is not performed.

Purpose And Methods: Since SCID is a common type of PID with an estimated incidence of 1/10.000 in Turkey, a retrospective analysis of HSCT characteristics, survival, immune recovery, and the major clinical features of SCID prior to HSCT is the aim of this multi-transplant center-based analysis.

Randomized Phase III Study of Alisertib or Investigator's Choice (Selected Single Agent) in Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma.

Purpose: The aim of this open-label, first-in-setting, randomized phase III trial was to evaluate the efficacy of alisertib, an investigational Aurora A kinase inhibitor, in patients with relapsed/refractory peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL).

Patients And Methods: Adult patients with relapsed/refractory PTCL-one or more prior therapy-were randomly assigned 1:1 to receive oral alisertib 50 mg two times per day (days 1 to 7; 21-day cycle) or investigator-selected single-agent comparator, including intravenous pralatrexate 30 mg/m (once per week for 6 weeks; 7-week cycle), or intravenous gemcitabine 1,000 mg/m or intravenous romidepsin 14 mg/m (days 1, 8, and 15; 28-day cycle). Tumor tissue (disease subtype) and imaging were assessed by independent central review.

A new colorimetric method for rapid detection of ethambutol and streptomycin resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis: crystal violet decolorization assay (CVDA).

Streptomycin (STR) and ethambutol (EMB) are important drugs used for the treatment of tuberculosis. There is a need for fast, reliable and inexpensive methods for detecting resistance to these drugs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of the crystal violet decolorization assay (CVDA) for the detection of STR and EMB resistance that is important drugs in tuberculosis treatment.

Microtubular Dysfunction and Male Infertility.

Microtubules are the prime component of the cytoskeleton along with microfilaments. Being vital for organelle transport and cellular divisions during spermatogenesis and sperm motility process, microtubules ascertain functional capacity of sperm. Also, microtubule based structures such as axoneme and manchette are crucial for sperm head and tail formation.

Simultaneous formulation of influenza vaccine and chitosan nanoparticles within CpG oligodesoxi nucleotides leads to dose-sparing and protects against lethal challenge in the mouse model.

Lack of efficient delivery systems for transporting antigenic molecules to the cytosol of antigen-presenting cells presents a major obstacle for antigen uptake by immune cells. To this end, influenza whole inactivated virus vaccines were formulated with chitosan nanoparticles and CpG oligonucleotide as a biodegradable delivery system and a Th1-specific adjuvant, respectively. Intradermal injections of a single high dose and low dose of formulated candidate vaccines were carried out.

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in geriatric patients in Turkey.

The incidence of most hematologic malignancies increases with age. Physicians increasingly refer older patients for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) due to more experience and improved supportive care in HSCT. This article discusses the available data regarding the feasibility, tolerability, toxicity, and effectiveness of autologous and allogeneic HSCT in older adults.

Recommendations for Management of Endemic Diseases and Travel Medicine in Solid-Organ Transplant Recipients and Donors: Latin America.

The Recommendations for Management of Endemic Diseases and Travel Medicine in Solid-Organ Transplant Recipients and Donors: Latin America clinical practice guideline is intended to guide clinicians caring for solid-organ transplant (SOT) donors, candidates and recipients regarding infectious diseases (ID) issues related to this geographical region, mostly located in the tropics. These recommendations are based on both systematic reviews of relevant literature and expert opinion from both transplant ID and travel medicine specialists. The guidelines provide recommendations for risk evaluation and laboratory investigation, as well as management and prevention of infection of the most relevant endemic diseases of Latin America.

How does pregnancy affect the patients with pituitary adenomas: a study on 113 pregnancies from Turkey.

Objective: Data regarding pregnancies in relation to pituitary tumors are limited. The effects of pregnancy on pituitary adenomas and the effects of adenoma itself (hormonal activity, mass effects and pituitary insufficiency) and/or treatment on the ongoing gestation and developing fetus were evaluated.

Methods: The study was a retrospective study.

Identification of biallelic EXTL3 mutations in a novel type of spondylo-epi-metaphyseal dysplasia.

Spondylo-epi-metaphyseal dysplasia (SEMD) is a group of inherited skeletal diseases characterized by the anomalies in spine, epiphyses and metaphyses. SEMD is highly heterogeneous and >20 distinct entities have been identified. Here we describe a novel type of SEMD in two unrelated Turkish patients who presented with severe platyspondyly, kyphoscoliosis, pelvic distortion, constriction of the proximal femora and brachydactyly.

Sheehan syndrome.

Sheehan syndrome or postpartum hypopituitarism is a condition characterized by hypopituitarism due to necrosis of the pituitary gland. The initial insult is caused by massive postpartum haemorrhage (PPH), leading to impaired blood supply to the pituitary gland, which has become enlarged during pregnancy. Small sella turcica size, vasospasms (caused by PPH) and/or thrombosis (associated with pregnancy or coagulation disorders) are predisposing factors; autoimmunity might be involved in the progressive worsening of pituitary functions.

Multicenter evaluation of crystal violet decolorization assay (CVDA) for rapid detection of isoniazid and rifampicin resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

The aim of this multicenter study was to evaluate the performance of the crystal violet decolorization assay (CVDA) for detection of multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). This study was performed in 11 centers in two phases. A total of 156 isolates were tested for INH and RIF resistance.

International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium report, data summary of 50 countries for 2010-2015: Device-associated module.

Background: We report the results of International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium (INICC) surveillance study from January 2010-December 2015 in 703 intensive care units (ICUs) in Latin America, Europe, Eastern Mediterranean, Southeast Asia, and Western Pacific.

Methods: During the 6-year study period, using Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Healthcare Safety Network (CDC-NHSN) definitions for device-associated health care-associated infection (DA-HAI), we collected prospective data from 861,284 patients hospitalized in INICC hospital ICUs for an aggregate of 3,506,562 days.

Results: Although device use in INICC ICUs was similar to that reported from CDC-NHSN ICUs, DA-HAI rates were higher in the INICC ICUs: in the INICC medical-surgical ICUs, the pooled rate of central line-associated bloodstream infection, 4.

Multi-center prospective evaluation of discharge criteria for hospitalized patients with Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever.

Introduction: The information of discharge criteria in patients with Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) is limited. In this study, we aimed to determine the clinical and laboratory parameters used in discharging the patients by the experienced centers.

Materials And Methods: The study was done in 9 reference centers of CCHF from May 1, 2015 to December 1, 2015 and included laboratory-confirmed patients with CCHF.

Prognostic factors, pathophysiology and novel biomarkers in Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever.

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a geographically widespread tick-borne zoonosis. The clinical spectrum of the illness varies from mild infection to severe disease and death. In severe cases, hemorrhagic manifestations develop, with fatality rates of 4-20%, depending on the geographic region and quality of the health care.

Evaluation of crystal violet decolorization assay for minimal inhibitory concentration detection of primary antituberculosis drugs against Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates.

In this study we evaluated the crystal violet decolorization assay (CVDA) for detection of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of antituberculosis drugs. 53 isolates were tested in this study and 13 of them were multidrug resistant (MDR) isolates. The antibiotics concentrations were 2-0.

Early Response to Everolimus Therapy Detected on 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT in a Patient With Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor.

Everolimus is a mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor that has been recently approved for the treatment of patients with advanced progressive pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor. Here, we present a case in which an early therapy response to everolimus was effectively demonstrated by Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT.

Management of infections in critically ill returning travellers in the intensive care unit-II: clinical syndromes and special considerations in immunocompromised patients.

This position paper is the second ESCMID Consensus Document on this subject and aims to provide intensivists, infectious disease specialists, and emergency physicians with a standardized approach to the management of serious travel-related infections in the intensive care unit (ICU) or the emergency department. This document is a cooperative effort between members of two European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID) study groups and was coordinated by Hakan Leblebicioglu and Jordi Rello for ESGITM (ESCMID Study Group for Infections in Travellers and Migrants) and ESGCIP (ESCMID Study Group for Infections in Critically Ill Patients), respectively. A relevant expert on the subject of each section prepared the first draft which was then edited and approved by additional members from both ESCMID study groups.

Management of infections in critically ill returning travellers in the intensive care unit-I: considerations on infection control and transmission of resistance.

Depending on their destinations and activities, international travellers are at a significant risk of contracting both communicable and non-communicable diseases. On return to their home countries, such travellers may require intensive care. The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and more recently Ebola haemorrhagic fever, has highlighted the risks.

Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy: Technical Problems, Complications, and Management.

Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) is an important technique for the provision of nutrition. The present study presents data from our analysis of the PEG procedure. Patients administered with PEG at the endoscopy unit of the 19 Mayıs University General Surgery Department between 2007 and 2013 were analyzed retrospectively, and technical problems, indications, and complications related to the PEG procedure in 221 patients were evaluated.

Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever in travellers: A systematic review.

Background: The recent Ebola epidemic has increased public awareness of the risk of travel associated viral haemorrhagic fever (VHF). International preparedness to manage imported cases Ebola virus infection was inadequate, highlighted by cases of nosocomial transmission. Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a re-emerging tick-borne VHF centred in the Eurasian region, affecting a large geographical area and with human-to-human transmission reported, especially in the healthcare setting.

Causative pathogens and antibiotic resistance in diabetic foot infections: A prospective multi-center study.

Aim: Clinical practice guidelines for the management of diabetic foot infections developed by the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) are commonly used worldwide. The issue of whether or not these guidelines need to be adjusted for local circumstances, however, has seldom been assessed in large prospective trials.

Methods: The Turk-DAY trial was a prospective, multi-center study in which infectious disease specialists from centers across Turkey were invited to participate (NCT02026830).