Cardiac interventricular septum hemangioma in a colon cancer patient treated with Capecitabine: A case report and review of literature.

We report a case of a 21-year-old male with stage IIIB sigmoid colon adenocarcinoma who experienced atypical chest pain post-adjuvant chemotherapy with Capecitabine (5-FU prodrug). Evaluation revealed an unexpectedly detected interventricular septum hemangioma. Due to the vasospasm effect of chemotherapy presenting with semi-ischemia, conservative management was chosen for atypical presentation.

Early presentation of undifferentiated pleomorphic cardiac sarcoma.

Undifferentiated pleomorphic cardiac sarcomas are extremely rare, highly malignant mesenchymal cardiac neoplasms typically presenting in the sixth decade of life. Here, we have reported a rare case of undifferentiated pleomorphic cardiac sarcoma presenting with dyspnea in a young male. On further evaluations, a large, ill-defined, multilobulated mass was observed in left atrium (LA) with encasement of left circumflex artery, attachment to mitral valve annulus, and invasion through LA wall and pericardium.

The role of the hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells-derived extracellular vesicles in hematopoiesis.

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are tightly regulated by specific microenvironments called niches to produce an appropriate number of mature blood cell types. Self-renewal and differentiation are two hallmarks of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, and their balance is critical for proper functioning of blood and immune cells throughout life. In addition to cell-intrinsic regulation, extrinsic cues within the bone marrow niche and systemic factors also affect the fate of HSCs.

Presentation of mitral valve cleft with concurrent atrial septal defect and ventricular septal defect detected by three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography: a case report.

Background: Cleft in the mitral valve leaflet is a primary cause of congenital mitral regurgitation, stemming from developmental anomalies in the mitral valve and frequently associated with other congenital heart defects. Concurrent presence of cleft in mitral valve leaflet with atrial septal defect and ventricular septal defect is relatively rare. Echocardiography, especially transesophageal echocardiography, is essential in diagnosing cleft mitral valve leaflet and related congenital heart defects, providing critical, detailed imagery for accurate assessment.

The crosstalk between lung cancer and the bone marrow niche fuels emergency myelopoiesis.

Modest response rates to immunotherapy observed in advanced lung cancer patients underscore the need to identify reliable biomarkers and targets, enhancing both treatment decision-making and efficacy. Factors such as PD-L1 expression, tumor mutation burden, and a 'hot' tumor microenvironment with heightened effector T cell infiltration have consistently been associated with positive responses. In contrast, the predictive role of the abundantly present tumor-infiltrating myeloid cell (TIMs) fraction remains somewhat uncertain, partly explained by their towering variety in terms of ontogeny, phenotype, location, and function.

Adipose Tissue Dysfunction Following Trauma and Hypoxia Increases the Risk of Post-Surgical Adhesion: Potential for Therapeutic Interventions.

Post-surgical adhesion is a medical challenge, especially following abdominal and pelvic surgeries. This refers to the formation of fibrotic scars that form from connective tissue in the gynecological tract or abdominal cavity. Dysfunctional adipose tissue (AT) by surgical injuries and hypoxia increases the risk of post-surgical adhesion through different molecular mechanisms.

A Research Protocol for a Phase II Single-Arm Clinical Trial Assessing the Feasibility and Efficacy of Neoadjuvant Anastrozole in Patients With Luminal Breast Cancer and Low Proliferative Index: The ANNE Trial.

Introduction: Neoadjuvant endocrine therapy (NET) is recommended for the treatment of invasive breast cancer (BC), particularly luminal subtypes, in locally advanced stages. Previous randomized studies have demonstrated the benefits of aromatase inhibitors in this context. However, NET is typically reserved for elderly or frail patients who may not tolerate neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Utilizing a graphene quantum dot/hydrogel nanocomposite for determination of cisplatin in urine samples.

Currently, the growth and development of cancer are rising in the world, and as a result, the use of anticancer drugs such as cisplatin has also increased. Considering that the therapeutic index of anticancer drugs is low, it is essential to design and develop an accurate and correct method to analyze and determine the concentration of anticancer drugs in the biological samples. In this study, graphene quantum dots/hydrogel nanocomposite was used to determine cisplatin concentration in urine samples.

Cytokine-induced killer cells: new insights for therapy of hematologic malignancies.

Background: Cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells are a novel subgroup of immune effectors, classified as one of the modified T cell-mediated arms for immunotherapy. These cells exert MHC-unrestricted cytotoxicity against both hematological and solid malignancies with low incidence of treatment-related severe complications. This study reviews the application of CIK cells in treating cases with hematologic malignancies.

Safety and efficacy of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists in patients with weight regain or insufficient weight loss after metabolic bariatric surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Weight regain and insufficient weight loss are major challenges after metabolic bariatric surgery (MBS), affecting patients' comorbidities and quality of life. The current systematic review and meta-analysis aim to assess the efficacy and safety of GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA) in patients with weight regain or insufficient weight loss after MBS.

Methods: A systematic search was conducted across PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science databases to find the relevant studies.

Prevalence and Characteristics of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease among an Iranian Adult Population with Ethnic and Genetic Diversity: Results of the PolyIran-Liver Study.

Background: Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a rising global public health concern. It has been demonstrated that its prevalence and characteristics vary by region and racial/ethnicity. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of MAFLD and its characteristics among Turkmen and non-Turkmen ethnic groups in a multiethnic population region of Iran.

Epigenetic Landscapes of Pain: DNA Methylation Dynamics in Chronic Pain.

Chronic pain is a prevalent condition with a multifaceted pathogenesis, where epigenetic modifications, particularly DNA methylation, might play an important role. This review delves into the intricate mechanisms by which DNA methylation and demethylation regulate genes associated with nociception and pain perception in nociceptive pathways. We explore the dynamic nature of these epigenetic processes, mediated by DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) and ten-eleven translocation (TET) enzymes, which modulate the expression of pro- and anti-nociceptive genes.

Closing the gap: prognostic and predictive biomarker validation for personalized care in a Latin American hormone-dependent breast cancer cohort.

Background: Several guidelines recommend the use of different classifiers to determine the risk of recurrence (ROR) and treatment decisions in patients with HR+HER2- breast cancer. However, data are still lacking for their usefulness in Latin American (LA) patients. Our aim was to evaluate the comparative prognostic and predictive performance of different ROR classifiers in a real-world LA cohort.

Cardiac papillary fibroelastomas: Unveiling a rare right atrial presentation with surgical insights-A case report and review of the literature.

Cardiac papillary fibroelastomas (CPF) are rare, benign tumors with thromboembolic potential. We present a 40-year-old male with a right atrial CPF, referred with acute chest pain. Advanced imaging and surgical excision with tricuspid valve repair were crucial, emphasizing the need for early detection and intervention in symptomatic and asymptomatic cases.

EV-miRNAs from breast cancer patients of plasma as potential prognostic biomarkers of disease recurrence.

Background: Extracellular vesicles (EVs), ubiquitously released by blood cells, facilitate intercellular communication. In cancer, tumor-derived EVs profoundly affect the microenvironment, promoting tumor progression and raising the risk of recurrence. These EVs contain miRNAs (EV-miRNAs), promising cancer biomarkers.

Nivolumab plus ipilimumab versus sunitinib for first-line treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma: extended 8-year follow-up results of efficacy and safety from the phase III CheckMate 214 trial.

Background: Nivolumab plus ipilimumab (NIVO+IPI) has demonstrated superior overall survival (OS) and durable response benefits versus sunitinib (SUN) with long-term follow-up in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (aRCC). We report updated analyses with 8 years of median follow-up from CheckMate 214.

Patients And Methods: Patients with aRCC (N = 1096) were randomized to NIVO 3 mg/kg plus IPI 1 mg/kg Q3W × four doses, followed by NIVO (3 mg/kg or 240 mg Q2W or 480 mg Q4W); or SUN (50 mg) once daily for 4 weeks on, 2 weeks off.

Targeting the Akt signaling pathway: Exploiting curcumin's anticancer potential.

Cancer is recognized as one of the leading causes of death worldwide. In recent years, advancements in early detection and expanding treatment options have contributed to a decrease in mortality rates. However, the emergence of drug-resistant cancers necessitates the exploration of innovative and more effective drugs.

The Role of Anticoagulation on Venous Thromboembolism Primary Prophylaxis in Low- to Intermediate-Risk Ambulatory Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Background: The role of anticoagulants in the primary prevention of venous Thromboembolism(VTE) in high-risk cancer patients has been proven in previous studies; however, the routine use of thromboprophylaxis in cancer patients with Khorana score≤ 2 is still debated. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the role of prophylaxis with anticoagulants in cancer patients with low to moderate risk for first time.

Methods: PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science databases were searched with Mesh terms to find Randomized controlled trial studies (RCTs) that evaluated the effect of thromboprophylaxis against placebo on VTE up to January 2024 in low-risk cancer patients.

Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium in Meta-Analysis Studies and Large-Scale Genomic Sequencing Era.

The Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE) is a fundamental principle employed in the analysis of genetic data, encompassing studies of meta-analysis and genomic sequencing. It has been demonstrated that HWE possesses the property of transitivity, wherein a multi-allelic polymorphism in equilibrium will persist in its equilibrium state even when alleles are deleted or combined. Nonetheless, the practice of filtering loci that do not adhere to HWE has been observed to impact the inference of population genetics within RADseq datasets.