A self-elastic chitosan sponge reinforced with lauric acid-modified quaternized chitosan and attapulgite to treat noncompressible hemorrhage and facilitate wound healing.

The development of self-elastic sponges with enhanced hemostatic and antibacterial properties to treat noncompressible hemorrhage and facilitate wound healing remains challenging. Herein, we prepared a chitosan sponge reinforced with lauric acid-modified quaternized chitosan (LQC) and attapulgite, features a porous structure, high self-elasticity, and rapid shape recovery. The incorporation of LQC conferred the sponge with an enhanced capacity to promote the adhesion, aggregation, and activation of blood cells, and resistance to infection by Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; the incorporation of attapulgite enhanced the hydrophilicity and mechanical strength of the sponge, and its ability to activate the intrinsic and extrinsic coagulation pathways.

Radiation-induced cardiac disease: Modern techniques to reduce cardiac toxicity.

Purpose: Continuous advancements in cancer management have resulted in increased long-term survival rates amongst cancer survivors and in turn have exposed the full extent of radiotherapy-associated morbidities. Radiation-induced coronary heart disease (RICHD) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in cancer survivors, particularly in those having undergone mediastinal radiation. While mediastinal radiation has been shown to substantially reduce both recurrence and mortality rates in multiple thoracic malignancies, the risk for the development of RICHD is of significant concern.

The Role of Lifestyle and Environmental Factors in the Pathogenesis of Multiple Myeloma.

Objectives: The study evaluated the impact of lifestyle and environmental exposure on the etiology of multiple myeloma (MM).

Methods: A multicenter case-control study was conducted in 20 hematology centers and in 5 outpatient clinics in Poland. The questionnaire on exposure to potential risk factors including sociodemographic data, lifestyle, and environmental factors was completed.

An approach to COVID‑19 and oncology: From impact, staging and management to vaccine outcomes in cancer patients: A systematic review and meta‑analysis.

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a global impact, with >771 million confirmed cases and 6 million deaths reported by October 2023. Cancer patients, due to their immunosuppressed status, face an increased infection risk and higher COVID-19 complications. The present study aimed to assess clinical outcomes in COVID-19-infected cancer patients, focusing on mortality rates and other aspects, providing valuable insight for better protection and outcomes.

Optimal treatment approach for intracranial germinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: To determine the optimal treatment modality for intracranial germinoma (IG).

Materials And Methods: A search of Medline, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Library was conducted up to April, 2024. Pooled risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated.

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for purine nucleoside phosphorylase deficiency with two novel mutations: a case report and review of literature.

Purpose: We report the case of a 6-year-old boy who presented with muscular hypertonia, impaired growth, and recurrent infections, who was diagnosed with purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) deficiency with two novel mutations in the gene. He underwent a hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) from an unrelated donor, and we observed the clinical outcome.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical manifestations and outcomes of this patient who underwent HSCT.

Lymphedema, Fatigue, and Quality of Life in Breast Cancer Survivors with Axillary Lymph Node Dissection.

Health-related quality of life (QOL) has gained importance due to the increasing incidence of breast cancer and the survival rate of breast cancer patients. We aimed to investigate the relationship between lymphedema, fatigue, and QOL in breast cancer survivors with axillary lymph node dissection. A total of 122 female breast cancer survivors with axillary lymph node dissection who applied to the oncology center of a teaching and research hospital between April 1, 2022, and July 1, 2022, were included in the cross-sectional study.

The Impact of Ketamine on Outcomes in Acute Pain Management: An Umbrella Review.

: Ketamine offers effective pain relief with fewer side effects than traditional analgesics, making it a promising alternative for acute pain treatment. However, further research is needed to fully assess its role in perioperative care. This umbrella review aimed to compile the highest-quality evidence available regarding the application of ketamine in managing acute pain.

Artificial Intelligence in the Management of Patients with Respiratory Failure Requiring Mechanical Ventilation: A Scoping Review.

Mechanical ventilation (MV) is one of the most frequently used organ replacement modalities in the intensive care unit (ICU). Artificial intelligence (AI) presents substantial potential in optimizing mechanical ventilation management. The utility of AI in MV lies in its ability to harness extensive data from electronic monitoring systems, facilitating personalized care tailored to individual patient needs.

New Screening Methods in Melanoma.

Background: The World Health Organisation reports that melanoma had an incidence of 331,722 cases worldwide in 2022, ranking it 17th on the list of the most prevalent malignancies. This disease is a threat to public health as years of potential life lost from melanoma deaths constitute an economic and social burden; it is, however, curable if detected early. This study aims to show current trends in clinical trials for melanoma screening.

Experiences and Needs of Swiss Cancer Survivors in the Domains of Health-Related Information and the Healthcare System.

In recent years, the number of cancer survivors has rapidly increased in Switzerland, as well as worldwide. As cancer increasingly becomes a chronic condition, numerous bio-psycho-social and spiritual challenges emerge, leading to significant needs for this population. The aims of this study were to determine the experiences of Swiss cancer survivors with two domains, i.

Nonpharmacological Management of Cancer-Related Cachexia: A Systematic Review.

Objectives: Cancer-related cachexia affects approximately 50% to 80% of cancer patients and contributes significantly to cancer-related mortality, accounting for 20% of deaths. This multifactorial syndrome is characterized by systemic inflammation, anorexia, and elevated energy expenditure, leading to severe weight loss and muscle wasting. Understanding the underlying mechanisms is critical for developing effective interventions.

Prevalence and influencing factors of the dyadic psychological stress among patients with lung cancer and their family caregivers: a cross-sectional study.

Background: A lung cancer diagnosis has a huge impact on the psychological well-being of both patients and family caregivers. However, the current psychological stress status among dyads remains unclear. We aimed to determine the prevalence of anxiety and depression and identify the factors that influence patients with lung cancer and their caregivers.

Autogene cevumeran with or without atezolizumab in advanced solid tumors: a phase 1 trial.

Effective targeting of somatic cancer mutations to enhance the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy requires an individualized approach. Autogene cevumeran is a uridine messenger RNA lipoplex-based individualized neoantigen-specific immunotherapy designed from tumor-specific somatic mutation data obtained from tumor tissue of each individual patient to stimulate T cell responses against up to 20 neoantigens. This ongoing phase 1 study evaluated autogene cevumeran as monotherapy (n = 30) and in combination with atezolizumab (n = 183) in pretreated patients with advanced solid tumors.

Management of metastatic colorectal cancer: consensus in the Gulf Cooperation Council countries.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) represents a major public health challenge globally, particularly in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries, where it is identified as the second most prevalent form of cancer. Despite advancements in management strategies, tailored guidelines specific to the Gulf region are lacking. This paper presents consensus recommendations developed by a panel of experts from the GCC countries to address this gap.

The Impact of Chemotherapy and Body Mass Index on Cancer-Related Fatigue in Colon Cancer Patients: A PROFILES-Registry Study.

Background: Inflammation has been reported to drive cancer-related fatigue (CRF). As both obesity and chemotherapy promote inflammatory responses, obese cancer patients may be at risk of more severe CRF, especially when receiving chemotherapy.

Methods: We analysed data of 333 colon cancer patients from four hospitals in the Netherlands (data derived from the PROCORE study).

Real-world clinical outcome of unresectable locally advanced & de-novo metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: a multicentre retrospective study.

Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains one of the most lethal malignancies, with limited treatment options yielding poor outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the real-world clinical characteristics, treatment patterns, and outcomes of patients with locally advanced unresectable and de-novo metastatic PDAC in Saudi Arabia, providing regional data to compare with international benchmarks.

Methods: This is a retrospective, multicentre study involving 350 patients diagnosed with unresectable locally advanced or de-novo metastatic PDAC between January 2015 and November 2023.

Genomic and phenotypic stability of fusion-driven pediatric sarcoma cell lines.

Human cancer cell lines are the mainstay of cancer research. Recent reports showed that highly mutated adult carcinoma cell lines (mainly HeLa and MCF-7) present striking diversity across laboratories and that long-term continuous culturing results in genomic/transcriptomic heterogeneity with strong phenotypical implications. Here, we hypothesize that oligomutated pediatric sarcoma cell lines mainly driven by a fusion transcription factor, such as Ewing sarcoma (EwS), are genetically and phenotypically more stable than the previously investigated adult carcinoma cell lines.

A trial of radiolabeled antibody yttrium-90-FF-21101 for the treatment of advanced ovarian and other cancers.

Background: Yttrium-90 FF-21101 (Y-FF-21101) is a radiopharmaceutical that targets P-cadherin as a therapy against solid tumors. A previously reported, first-in-human study determined that a dose of 25 mCi/m was safe, and a patient with clear cell carcinoma of the ovary achieved a complete response. In this article, the authors report the results of Y-FF-21101 treatment in an ovarian carcinoma expansion cohort and in patients with selected solid tumors who had known high P-cadherin expression.