Assessing the environment for engagement in health services: The Audit for Consumer Engagement (ACE) tool.

Introduction: Although it is widely accepted that the physical environment can impact health quality and care outcomes, its impact on consumer engagement with health services has not been examined. Currently, no tools exist that assess the opportunities for consumer engagement offered within the physical environment. We aimed to develop and validate an environmental audit tool to assist health services and researchers to assess the extent to which the physical environment in health services creates and supports opportunities for consumer engagement.

PSMA-PET Detection of Unusual Metastases in Castrate-Sensitive Prostate Carcinoma.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is a multifaceted, heterogeneous disease (with 7 molecular subtypes), which can metastasize to common sites, such as bone, lymph nodes, liver, and lungs. However, with PSMA PET imaging, rare sites of metastasis are increasingly discovered. We report 5 cases of unusual metastases in patients with castrate-sensitive PCa: solitary right inguinal nodal metastasis, solitary abdominal wall metastasis, penile shaft metastases, solitary perineum metastasis, and pleural metastases.

Effects of aromatase inhibitor therapy on visceral adipose tissue area and cardiometabolic health in postmenopausal women with early and locally advanced breast cancer.

Objective: Aromatase inhibitor (AI) therapy provides oncological benefits in postmenopausal women with oestrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. However, AI treatment has been associated with increased cardiovascular risk. In nonbreast cancer populations, experimentally induced low oestrogen states and natural transition to menopause have been associated with increases in visceral adipose tissue (VAT), a known surrogate marker for cardiometabolic risk.

Patient attitudes towards changes in colorectal cancer surveillance: An application of the Health Belief Model.

Objective: This is to determine whether health beliefs regarding colorectal cancer (CRC) screening could predict discomfort with a change to CRC surveillance proposing regular faecal immunochemical tests (FIT) instead of colonoscopy.

Methods: Eight hundred individuals enrolled in a South Australian colonoscopy surveillance programme were invited to complete a survey on surveillance preferences. Responses were analysed using binary logistic regression predicting discomfort with a hypothetical FIT-based surveillance change.

Examining social class as it relates to heuristics women use to determine the trustworthiness of information regarding the link between alcohol and breast cancer risk.

Background: High rates of alcohol consumption by midlife women, despite the documented risks associated with breast cancer, varies according to social class. However, we know little about how to develop equitable messaging regarding breast cancer prevention that takes into consideration class differences in the receipt and use of such information.

Objective: To explore the heuristics used by women with different (inequitable) life chances to determine the trustworthiness of information regarding alcohol as a modifiable risk factor for breast cancer risk.

'I have a healthy relationship with alcohol': Australian midlife women, alcohol consumption and social class.

Alcohol consumption by Australian women during midlife has been increasing. Health promotion efforts to reduce alcohol consumption in order to reduce alcohol-related disease risk compete with the social contexts and value of alcohol in women's lives. This paper draws on 50 qualitative interviews with midlife women (45-64 years of age) from different social classes living in South Australia in order to gain an understanding of how and why women might justify their relationships with alcohol.

Depatuxizumab mafodotin in EGFR-amplified newly diagnosed glioblastoma: A phase III randomized clinical trial.

Background: Approximately 50% of newly diagnosed glioblastomas (GBMs) harbor epidermal growth factor receptor gene amplification (EGFR-amp). Preclinical and early-phase clinical data suggested efficacy of depatuxizumab mafodotin (depatux-m), an antibody-drug conjugate comprised of a monoclonal antibody that binds activated EGFR (overexpressed wild-type and EGFRvIII-mutant) linked to a microtubule-inhibitor toxin in EGFR-amp GBMs.

Methods: In this phase III trial, adults with centrally confirmed, EGFR-amp newly diagnosed GBM were randomized 1:1 to radiotherapy, temozolomide, and depatux-m/placebo.

Variations in whole brain radiation therapy fractionation for brain metastases in Victoria.

Introduction: We aim to evaluate the use of different whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT) fractionation schedules for brain metastases (BM) in Victoria, and the factors associated with it.

Methods: This is a population-based cohort of patients who received radiation therapy for BM between 2012 and 2017, as captured in the Victorian Radiotherapy Minimum Dataset. We excluded patients with primary brain tumour and those who had 'prophylactic' intent treatment.

Cancer-related cognitive impairment in patients with newly diagnosed aggressive lymphoma undergoing standard chemotherapy: a longitudinal feasibility study.

Purpose: Cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) is a recognised adverse consequence of cancer and its treatment. This study assessed the feasibility of collecting longitudinal data on cognition in patients with newly diagnosed, aggressive lymphoma undergoing standard therapy with curative intent via self-report, neuropsychological assessment, peripheral markers of inflammation, and neuroimaging. An exploration and description of patterns of cancer-related cognitive impairment over the course of treatment and recovery was also undertaken and will be reported separately.

Taxane-induced neuropathy: How serious is this problem for patients with early breast cancer?

Background: Taxanes form the mainstay of breast cancer therapy in the curative setting. Taxane-induced peripheral neuropathy (TIPN) is a common toxicity and confers significant morbidity with no validated therapies. Literature detailing TIPN is inconsistent in reporting its frequency, severity, risk factors, impact upon treatment course, and management practices.

Comprehensive review of the use of hydrogel spacers prior to radiation therapy for prostate cancer.

Objectives: To provide a comprehensive narrative review of the published data on the impact of hydrogel spacers on rectal dosimetry and toxicity and to outline the practicalities of inserting hydrogel spacers.

Results: A growing body of evidence suggests that the administration of hydrogel spacers is safe and is associated with limited peri-operative morbidity. The impact on rectal dosimetry has been clearly established and use of hydrogel spacers is associated with reduced rectal morbidity.

Olutasidenib (FT-2102) in patients with relapsed or refractory IDH1-mutant glioma: A multicenter, open-label, phase Ib/II trial.

Background: Olutasidenib (FT-2102) is a highly potent, orally bioavailable, brain-penetrant and selective inhibitor of mutant isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1). The aim of the study was to determine the safety and clinical activity of olutasidenib in patients with relapsed/refractory gliomas harboring an IDH1R132X mutation.

Methods: This was an open-label, multicenter, nonrandomized, phase Ib/II clinical trial.

Large variation in radiation therapy fractionation for multiple myeloma in Australia.

Aim: To evaluate the patterns of use of different radiation therapy (RT) fractionation for multiple myeloma (MM) bone disease.

Methods: This is a population-based cohort of patients with MM who had RT between 2012 and 2017 as captured in the statewide Victorian Radiotherapy Minimum Data Set in Australia. Data linkage was performed to identify subsets of RT delivered within 3 months of death.

Dual targeting of FGFR3 and ERBB3 enhances the efficacy of FGFR inhibitors in FGFR3 fusion-driven bladder cancer.

Background: Mutations and fusions in Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 3 (FGFR3) occur in 10-20% of metastatic urothelial carcinomas and confer sensitivity to FGFR inhibitors. However, responses to these agents are often short-lived due to the development of acquired resistance. The objective of this study was to identify mechanisms of resistance to FGFR inhibitors in two previously uncharacterised bladder cancer cell lines harbouring FGFR3 fusions and assess rational combination therapies to enhance sensitivity to these agents.

Integrated clinical and genomic evaluation of guadecitabine (SGI-110) in peripheral T-cell lymphoma.

Peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) is a rare, heterogenous malignancy with dismal outcomes at relapse. Hypomethylating agents (HMA) have an emerging role in PTCL, supported by shared mutations with myelodysplasia (MDS). Response rates to azacitidine in PTCL of follicular helper cell origin are promising.

Disparities in radiation therapy utilization for cancer patients in Victoria.

Introduction: To evaluate the proportion of cancer patients who received radiation therapy (RT) within 12 months of cancer diagnosis (RTU12) and identify factors associated with RTU12.

Methods: This is a population-based cohort of individuals with incident cancer, diagnosed between 2013 and 2017 in Victoria. Data linkages were performed between the Victorian Cancer Registry and Victorian Radiotherapy Minimum Dataset.

Radiation oncology peer review in Australia and New Zealand.

Peer review is a part of high quality care within radiation oncology, designed to achieve the best outcomes for patients. We discuss the importance of and evidence for peer review in clinical practice. The Royal Australia and New Zealand College of Radiologists (RANZCR) has evolved a Peer Review Assessment Tool (PRAT) since 1999.

The systemic management of central nervous system metastases and leptomeningeal disease from advanced lung, melanoma, and breast cancer with molecular drivers: An Australian perspective.

The advent of systemic therapies with high intracranial efficacy in recent years is changing the therapeutic paradigm and renewing interest in the management of central nervous system (CNS) and leptomeningeal metastases from solid organ tumors. CNS metastases have traditionally heralded a dismal prognosis with median survival of 3-10 months, and were primarily treated with local therapeutic modalities, such as surgery or radiation therapy. Although these modalities still have a role in the management of CNS disease, newer agents, such as small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors and immune-checkpoint inhibitors, are now paving the way as an alternative therapeutic option for those with oligometastatic or low-volume intracranial disease, potentially eliminating or delaying the need for local treatment modalities in this setting.

Patterns of the use of advanced radiation therapy techniques for the management of bone metastases and the associated factors in Victoria.

Introduction: To describe the pattern of the use of advanced radiation therapy (RT) techniques, including intensity-modulated RT (IMRT), volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT), and stereotactic body RT (SBRT) for the management of bone metastases (BM), and the associated factors in Victoria.

Methods: We used a population-based cohort of patients from the state-wide Victorian Radiotherapy Minimum Data Set (VRMDS) who received RT for BM between 2012 and 2017. The primary outcome was proportion of RT courses using advanced RT techniques.

Beyond cabazitaxel: Late line treatments in metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer: A retrospective multicentre analysis.

Aims: Multiple life-prolonging therapies are available for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). However, the optimal treatment strategy following progression through standard treatment with docetaxel, androgen receptor signaling inhibitor (ARSI) and cabazitaxel, remains unclear. We aimed to describe treatment patterns in men with mCRPC following progression on standard treatments and determine whether subsequent treatment choice impacts overall survival.

Adjuvant therapies for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: advances during BCG shortage.

Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) represents a significant global therapeutic challenge, particularly in the era of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) shortage. High-risk NMIBC can progress to muscle invasive or metastatic disease in 25% of patients. Optimal treatment selection, according to risk stratification, is imperative.

NaPi2b expression in a large surgical Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) cohort.

Background: NaPi2b is a multi-transmembrane sodium-dependent phosphate transporter expressed at normal levels in several organs, including lung. High expression levels have been reported in various tumors including breast, thyroid, ovarian and non-small cell lung cancer. To date evaluation of NaPi2b expression has mostly been restricted to smaller lung cancer cohorts.