Blood Pressure Classification Status in Children With CKD Following Adoption of the 2017 American Academy of Pediatrics Guideline.

Rationale & Objective: Accurate detection of hypertension is crucial for clinical management of pediatric chronic kidney disease (CKD). The 2017 American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) clinical practice guideline for childhood hypertension included new normative blood pressure (BP) values and revised definitions of BP categories. In this study, we examined the effect of applying the AAP guideline's normative data and definitions to the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) cohort compared with use of normative data and definitions from the 2004 Fourth Report on the Diagnosis, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents.

Primary Thyroid Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma (MEC) Is Clinically, Prognostically, and Molecularly Different from Sclerosing MEC with Eosinophilia: A Multicenter and Integrated Study.

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) and sclerosing MEC with eosinophilia (SMECE) are rare primary thyroid carcinomas. In this study, we aimed to present our multicenter series of MEC and SMECE and integrated our data with published literature to further investigate the clinicopathological characteristics and prognoses of these tumors. We found 2 MECs and 4 SMECEs in our multicenter archives.

Quantification of lymphatic burden in patients with Fontan circulation by T2 MR lymphangiography and associations with adverse Fontan status.

Aims: To quantify thoracic lymphatic burden in paediatric Fontan patients using MRI and correlate with clinical status.

Methods And Results: Paediatric Fontan patients (<18-years-old) with clinical cardiac MRI that had routine lymphatic 3D T2 fast spin echo (FSE) imaging performed from May 2017 to October 2019 were included. 'Lymphatic burden' was quantified by thresholding-based segmentation of the 3D T2 FSE maximum intensity projection image and indexed to body surface area, performed by two independent readers blinded to patient status.

Infant Red Blood Cell Arachidonic to Docosahexaenoic Acid Ratio Inversely Associates with Fat-Free Mass Independent of Breastfeeding Exclusivity.

The prevalence of childhood obesity has increased nearly ten times over the last 40 years, influenced by early life nutrients that have persistent effects on life-long metabolism. During the first six months, infants undergo accelerated adipose accumulation, but little is known regarding infant fatty acid status and its relationship to infant body composition. We tested the hypothesis that a low arachidonic to docosahexaenoic acid ratio (AA/DHA) in infant red blood cells (RBCs), a long-term indicator of fatty acid intake, would associate with more infant fat-free mass (FFM) and/or less adipose accumulation over the first 4 months of life.

Educational and Clinical Associations With Longitudinal Cognitive Function and Brain Imaging in American Indians: The Strong Heart Study.

Background And Objectives: Little is known about incidence of vascular and Alzheimer dementias in American Indians.

Methods: We conducted a large, heterogeneous, population-based, longitudinal cohort study of brain aging in community-dwelling American Indians aged 64-95 years from 11 tribes across 3 states, with neurologic examinations, 1.5T MRI, and extensive cognitive testing.

Attenuated interoceptive processing in individuals with major depressive disorder and high repetitive negative thinking.

Repetitive negative thinking (RNT) is a transdiagnostic symptom associated with poor outcomes in major depressive disorder (MDD). MDD is characterized by altered interoception, which has also been associated with poor outcomes. The present study investigated whether RNT is directly associated with altered interoceptive processing.

Improving Risk Assessment for Metastatic Disease in Endometrioid Endometrial Cancer Patients Using Molecular and Clinical Features: An NRG Oncology/Gynecologic Oncology Group Study.

A risk assessment model for metastasis in endometrioid endometrial cancer (EEC) was developed using molecular and clinical features, and prognostic association was examined. Patients had stage I, IIIC, or IV EEC with tumor-derived RNA-sequencing or microarray-based data. Metastasis-associated transcripts and platform-centric diagnostic algorithms were selected and evaluated using regression modeling and receiver operating characteristic curves.

Clinical detection of "extremely low-risk" follicular thyroid carcinoma: A population-based study of 7304 patients.

Background: Previous studies have not been consistent in the risk of metastasis in follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC). Therefore, we conducted a large population study to stratify the risk of distant metastasis in FTC patients using only clinical parameters.

Methods: We extracted FTC patients from The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database and divided them into training and validation cohorts.

Determining Intestinal Permeability using Lucifer Yellow in an Apical-Out Enteroid Model.

Enteroids are an emerging research tool in the study of inflammatory bowel diseases such as necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). They are traditionally grown in the basolateral-out (BO) conformation, where the apical surface of the epithelial cell faces the inner lumen. In this model, access to the luminal surface of enteroids for treatment and experimentation is challenging, which limits the ability to study host-pathogen interactions.

Phenotypes of disease severity in a cohort of hospitalized COVID-19 patients: Results from the IMPACC study.

Background: Better understanding of the association between characteristics of patients hospitalized with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and outcome is needed to further improve upon patient management.

Methods: Immunophenotyping Assessment in a COVID-19 Cohort (IMPACC) is a prospective, observational study of 1164 patients from 20 hospitals across the United States. Disease severity was assessed using a 7-point ordinal scale based on degree of respiratory illness.

Liposomal bupivacaine in posterior spine surgery: A piece of the puzzle for postoperative pain.

Background: Liposomal bupivacaine (LB) is a local analgesic that may be used at the time of surgery to limit postoperative pain around the surgical site. Its efficacy in decreasing pain, decreasing narcotic consumption, decreasing length of stay, and improving mobility is an area of intense research. The purpose of this study was to determine whether LB use was associated with improved patient-reported pain scores in the first 72 h following posterior spinal surgery, decreased postoperative narcotic need, and decreased length of stay.

Metastatic Risk Stratification of 2526 Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma Patients: A Study Based on Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Database.

The risk of distant metastasis in medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) has not been well studied. Additional evaluation of MTC metastatic risk can be helpful for improving the quality of medical management. Therefore, we conducted a large population study to develop a method to stratify the risk of metastasis at the initial presentation of MTC patients.

Survival analyses of soft tissue pleomorphic sarcomas and a proposed leiomyosarcoma-specific dynamic nomogram: A large population-based study.

Background: Pleomorphic sarcoma of soft tissue (PSST) is a heterogeneous group of sarcomas with different prognoses. Survival patterns of this tumor group have not been thoroughly investigated. Prognostic models should be developed to support individualized evaluation of PSST patients.

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Mortality in Emphysematous Pyelonephritis Patients: A Meta-Analysis.

Background: Emphysematous pyelonephritis (EP) is a severe necrotizing infection of the renal parenchyma which is associated with significant case mortality. We sought to identify the incidence and predictive risk factors associated with EP mortality.

Methods: Two electronic databases, PubMed and Web of Science, were searched from their inception until June 06, 2021 for relevant articles.

Primary versus secondary gliosarcoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Gliosarcomas are extremely rare malignant brain tumors, which can be classified as primary gliosarcoma (PGS) if the tumors arise de novo or secondary gliosarcoma (SGS) in patients who had previously been treated for glioblastoma. Given their rarity, it is unclear if PGS is clinically and genetically different from SGS. This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the clinicopathological features, prognostic survivals, and molecular profiles of these rare tumors.

Pre-Clinical Autoimmunity in Lupus Relatives: Self-Reported Questionnaires and Immune Dysregulation Distinguish Relatives Who Develop Incomplete or Classified Lupus From Clinically Unaffected Relatives and Unaffected, Unrelated Individuals.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is propelled by pathogenic autoantibody (AutoAb) and immune pathway dysregulation. Identifying populations at risk of reaching classified SLE is essential to curtail inflammatory damage. Lupus blood relatives (Rel) have an increased risk of developing SLE.

Distribution of Emergency Department Encounters and Subsequent Hospital Admissions for Children by Child Opportunity Index.

Objective: To evaluate differences in emergency department (ED) utilization and subsequent admission among children by Child Opportunity Index (COI).

Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study of pediatric (<18 years) encounters to 194 EDs in Illinois from 2016 to 2020. Each encounter was assigned to quntiles of COI 2.

The prognostic significance of HIST1H3B/C and H3F3A K27M mutations in diffuse midline gliomas is influenced by patient age.

Introduction: Diffuse midline gliomas (DMGs) are infiltrative midline gliomas harboring H3K27M mutations and are generally associated with poor outcomes. H3K27M mutations include mutations in HIST1H3B/C (H3.1), HIST2H3B/D (H3.

Performance of infectious diseases specialists, hospitalists, and other internal medicine physicians in antimicrobial case-based scenarios: Potential impact of antimicrobial stewardship programs at 16 Veterans' Affairs medical centers.

Objective: As part of a project to implement antimicrobial dashboards at select facilities, we assessed physician attitudes and knowledge regarding antibiotic prescribing.

Design: An online survey explored attitudes toward antimicrobial use and assessed respondents' management of four clinical scenarios: cellulitis, community-acquired pneumonia, non-catheter-associated asymptomatic bacteriuria, and catheter-associated asymptomatic bacteriuria.

Setting: This study was conducted across 16 Veterans' Affairs (VA) medical centers in 2017.

Chondrosarcoma and Chordoma of the Skull Base and Spine: Implication of Tumor Location on Patient Survival.

Background: Chondrosarcoma and chordoma are often grouped together because of their similar anatomic locations, clinical presentations, histopathological and radiological findings, and growth patterns. In the present study, we investigated the clinical and prognostic differences of chondrosarcomas and chordomas of the skull base and spine.

Methods: We accessed the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database to search for patients from 2000 to 2018 with chondrosarcomas and chordomas of the skull base and spine for inclusion in the present study.

Characterization of persons with reported SARS-CoV-2 infection in the Oklahoma City tri-county area: Evidence from the first 12 months of transmission.

Background: To describe characteristics, hospitalization, and death for reported cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the Oklahoma City tri-county area.

Methods: We extracted notified cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection for our study area and used descriptive statistics and modeling to examine case characteristics and calculate the odds of hospitalization and death in relation to a range of explanatory variables.

Results: Between March 12th, 2020 and February 28th, 2021, 124,925 cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection were reported from the study region.