Prevalence of Diabetic Retinopathy and Dilated Fundus Examinations by Metropolitan Status from 2017-2021: An Assessment of the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System.

Purpose: Diabetic eye disease, namely diabetic retinopathy (DR), remains a leading cause of preventable blindness worldwide. Research has shown that treatment for diabetes and eye care was disrupted during the pandemic - with disparities between urban and rural populations being unknown. Thus, we aimed to assess the prevalence of reported rates of DR and dilated fundus exams from 2017 to 2021.

Recruitment and Retention Strategies for Historically Marginalized Populations in Colorectal Cancer Trials: A Cross-Sectional Analysis Using Systematic Review Methods.

Purpose: Colorectal cancer (CRC), a leading cause of cancer mortality, disproportionately impacts historically marginalized populations due to persistent health inequities. Effective recruitment and retention strategies are crucial to improving the representation of these populations in clinical trials. This study aims to evaluate the use of recruitment and retention strategies in CRC clinical trials, their impact on participant diversity, and the presence of diversity recruitment goals and ethical considerations.

Preference signaling in orthopaedic surgery: applicant perspectives and opinions.

Context: Orthopaedic surgery has become increasingly competitive over the years, with the COVID-19 pandemic creating additional challenges for applicants and programs. To promote an equitable match experience, the American Orthopaedic Association (AOA) introduced a formal preference signaling (PS) system into the 2022-2023 application cycle. PS allows applicants to indicate their heightened interest in specific programs, which improves the likelihood of receiving an interview and ultimately matching at their desired residency program.

Assessing patient autonomy in the context of TeamBirth, a quality improvement intervention to improve shared decision-making during labor and birth.

Background: Respectful maternity care includes shared decision-making (SDM). However, research on SDM is lacking from the intrapartum period and instruments to measure it have only recently been developed. TeamBirth is a quality improvement initiative that uses team huddles to improve SDM during labor and birth.

Transparency Matters: Assessing Harms Reporting Compliance in Randomized Controlled Trials Underpinning the AAOS Clinical Practice Guideline for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries.

Background: The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS) has developed a clinical practice guideline (CPG) for management of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries. Primary studies such as randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are cited as evidence for the guidelines. Given the influence that these trials have on patient care, adherence to standardized protocols for conducting and reporting RCTs is essential.

Duodenal Ulceration Erosion Into the Common Bile Duct Status Post-Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass: A Case Report.

Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) affects approximately four million people worldwide. The most common etiologies of PUD are  (H. pylori) infections, chronic nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use, and smoking.

Right Atrial Mass Secondary to Breast Cancer Metastasis.

We present the case of a 42-year-old female with a history of human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2) receptor-positive breast cancer status post bilateral mastectomy with metastasis to the spine and to the brain, who underwent transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) after outpatient transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) was suggestive of right atrial thrombus in transit. TEE revealed an atrial mass with a pedunculated stalk attached to the inferior right atrium near the inferior vena cava with a necrotic center. These findings were suggestive of an endocardial metastatic mass secondary to her primary breast cancer.

Assessing Patient Risk, Benefit, and Outcomes in Drug Development: Insights From Afatinib Clinical Trials Across Diverse Cancer Indications.

Purpose: In 2013, afatinib was approved for non-small-cell lung cancer with subsequent indication expansion. We investigated published afatinib clinical trials to assess risk and benefit profiles for the drug in its approved indication of non-small-cell lung cancer as well as in off-label uses. Previous literature demonstrates excessive patient burden and limited benefit as afatinib has spread into more indications.

Reporting of Complications in Rhinoplasty Randomized Controlled Trials: An Analysis Using the CONSORT Extension for Harms Checklist.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the completeness of adverse event (AE) reporting in randomized control trials (RCTs) focused on rhinoplasty, using the Consolidated Standards for Reporting (CONSORT) Extension for Harms checklist.

Study Design: A cross-sectional design was employed to review RCTs related to rhinoplasty published between January 1, 2005, and January 28, 2022.

Setting: The study analyzed clinical trials on rhinoplasty retrieved from PubMed.

Return to Golf After Hip Arthroscopy: A Systematic Review of the Literature.

Context: Patients experiencing pain from femoral acetabular impingement and considering hip arthroscopy may be concerned about their timeline to resume activities they enjoy, such as golf.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to review current literature on return-to-play data after hip arthroscopy and to provide clinicians with data to set proper expectations with patients.

Data Sources: The following terms were used to search PubMed and Embase electronic databases on October 18, 2023: hip, arthroscopy, arthroscopic, golf.

Use of person-centered language in obesity-related publications across sports medicine journals: a systematic review of adherence to person-centered language guidelines in sports medicine.

Context: Stigmatizing language or non-person-centered language (non-PCL) has been shown to impact patients negatively, especially in the case of obesity. This has led many associations, such as the American Medical Association (AMA) and the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE), to enact guidelines prohibiting the use of stigmatizing language in medical research. In 2018, the AMA adopted person-centered language (PCL) guidelines, including a specific obesity amendment to which all researchers should adhere.

Top 50 most impactful publications on massive rotator cuff tears.

Background: Bibliometric analysis is a useful tool for measuring the scholarly impact of a topic and its more and less heavily studied aspects. The purpose of this study is to use bibliometric analysis to comprehensively analyze the 50 articles with the highest citation indices in studies evaluating the treatment and outcomes of massive rotator cuff tears (mRCTs).

Methods: This cross-sectional study identified articles within the Scopus database published through December 2022.

Inadequate harms reporting among randomized controlled trials cited as supporting evidence in the AAOS management of hip fractures in older adults clinical practice guideline recommendations.

Background: Recommendations within clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) are heavily influenced by results from randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Therefore, it is imperative that all RCT outcomes are reported thoroughly to ensure CPGs are created using accurate information. Here, we evaluate the quality of harms reporting using the CONSORT Extension for Harms in RCTs underpinning recommendations in the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons (AAOS) Management of Hip Fractures in Older Adults CPG.

Insights Into Patients Questions Over Bunion Treatments: A Google Study.

Background: Approximately 1 in 4 adults will develop hallux valgus (HV). Up to 80% of adult Internet users reference online sources for health-related information. Overall, with the high prevalence of HV combined with the numerous treatment options, we believe patients are likely turning to Internet search engines for questions relevant to HV.

The top sports medicine influencers on X (formerly Twitter).

Background: With increasing sports medicine content on social media, we sought to identify the top sports medicine influencers on X (formerly Twitter) and analyse their common characteristics.

Methods: X influence scores for "Sports Medicine" were collected in November 2021 from Right Relevance. Accounts were then screened in a blind, duplicate manner for personal and X profile characteristics.

Clinical and functional outcomes of reverse total shoulder arthroplasty supplemented with latissimus dorsi transfer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: To optimize patients' functional external rotation outcomes, reverse total shoulder arthroplasties (rTSAs) including a latissimus dorsi tendon transfer were undertaken with promising early results and no significant increase in complications in comparison to traditional rTSAs. This was especially utilized for patients with a pronounced combined loss of elevation and external rotation. The purpose of this study is to evaluate and synthesize the findings of all relevant publications assessing the outcomes of rTSAs with associated latissimus dorsi transfer.

Delayed discovery: the COVID-19 pandemic's influence on osteoarthritis clinical trials.

Context: The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted clinical research in many medical and surgical fields, resulting in research waste and loss of treatment for patients. Although other areas have been explored, the extent of the pandemic's influence on osteoarthritis (OA) trials is currently unknown.

Objectives: This study aims to explore the reasons for termination of clinical trials investigating OA during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Associations of clinical personnel characteristics and controlled substance prescribing practices.

Context: Over 68,000 deaths were attributed to opioid-related overdose in 2020. Evaluative studies have shown that states that utilized Prescription Drug Monitoring Program (PDMP) systems have decreased opioid-related deaths. With the growing use of PDMPs and an ongoing opioid epidemic, determining the demographics of physicians at risk of overprescribing can elucidate prescribing practices and inform recommendations to change prescribing behaviors.

Effects of statin therapies on individuals taking antipsychotics: a systematic review.

Patients taking antipsychotics to treat severe mental illness may develop adverse effects such as dyslipidaemia. We aimed to provide an update to a previous systematic review showing statin therapy lowering lipid levels in individuals taking antipsychotics, while further identifying any safety concerns or changes in BMI or blood pressure. In August 2022, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, PubMed and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for studies on the effects of statins on lipid profile measures for individuals with severe mental illness taking first- or second-generation antipsychotic medications.

Rates of discontinuation and non-publication of upper and lower extremity fracture clinical trials.

Purpose: To our knowledge, no study has quantified the rate of discontinuation and nonpublication of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) regarding upper and lower extremity fractures.

Methods: We searched ClinicalTrials.gov on September 9th, 2020, for phase 3 and 4 RCTs pertaining to upper and lower extremity fractures.

Harms Reporting in Systematic Reviews of the Microvascular Free Flap in Head and Neck Reconstruction.

Objective: To evaluate harms reporting in systematic reviews (SRs) of microvascular free flap (MFF) in head and neck reconstruction.

Data Sources: This cross-sectional analysis included searches from the following major databases from 2012 to June 1, 2022: MEDLINE (Pubmed and Ovid), Embase, Epistemonikos, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.

Review Methods: In a masked duplicate manner, screening was performed using Rayyan, and data were extracted using a pilot-tested Google form.

Health Inequities in Orthopaedic Trauma Surgery in the United States: A Scoping Review.

Background: Health inequities have been shown to have negative effects on patient care and the healthcare system. It is important for orthopaedic trauma surgeons and researchers to understand the extent to which patients are affected by these inequities.

Methods: We conducted a scoping review as outlined by the Joanna Briggs Institute and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews checklist.