A Pediatric Case of Nonprogressive Idiopathic Central Vasculitis: A Spectrum of Clinical Presentations.

In children, the causes of cerebral infarction are varied, and accurate diagnosis and treatment are imperative. An early school-age boy was brought to our hospital due to seizures and impaired consciousness. He was diagnosed with cerebral infarction due to primary central nervous system vasculitis (PCNSV) based on increased inflammatory response and circumferential vessel wall thickening in his right middle cerebral artery.

SARS-CoV-2 IgG Seroprevalence in the Okinawa Main Island and Remote Islands in Okinawa, Japan, 2020-2021.

We estimated the seroprevalence of anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (anti-SARS-CoV-2) immunoglobulin G (IgG) in different island groups in Okinawa. A cross-sectional serosurvey was conducted over three periods between July 2020 and February 2021. A total of 2,683 serum samples were collected from six referral medical centers, each covering a separate region in Okinawa.

A case of peripheral odontogenic fibroma arising in the mandibular premolar region of a teenager.

Peripheral odontogenic fibroma (POdF) is a rare, benign ectomesenchymal tumor. Herein, we report a case of a 15-year-old female patient who developed POdF in the mandible. The lesion was resected along with the periosteum.

Impact of polymyxin B hemoperfusion in the treatment of patients with sepsis and septic shock: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Polymyxin B hemoperfusion is a strategy to remove circulating endotoxin in patients with sepsis. Previous systematic reviews derived from randomized and non-randomized studies suggested that use of polymyxin B hemoperfusion reduced mortality, based on the pooled data from various time points in the clinical course of sepsis. We conducted a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials to assess the impact of polymyxin B hemoperfusion specifically on 28-day mortality in patients with sepsis and septic shock.

Redundant systematic reviews on the same topic in surgery: a study protocol for a meta-epidemiological investigation.

Introduction: We are witnessing an explosive increase in redundant and overlapping publications of systematic reviews and meta-analyses (SRs/MAs) on the same topic, which often present conflicting results and interpretations, in the current medical literature. They represent wasted efforts on the part of investigators and peer reviewers and may confuse and possibly mislead clinicians and policymakers. Here, we present a protocol for a meta-epidemiological investigation to describe how often there are overlapping SRs/MAs on the same topic, to assess the quality of these multiple publications, and to investigate the causes of discrepant results between multiple SRs/MAs in the field of major surgery.

The three-step method for ultrasound-guided pediatric internal jugular venous catheterization: a clinical trial.

Ultrasound guidance may be a valuable adjunct for pediatric internal jugular vein catheterization. We previously reported a long-axis in plane technique, called the "three-step method", resulting in high success and a low complication rate by novice operators in adult patients. This is the first report of ultrasound-guided internal jugular vein catheterization (US-IJV) using the three-step method in pediatric patients.

Nitrous oxide can enhance the hypnotic effect, but not the suppression of spinal motor neuron excitability by propofol in humans.

Purpose: We investigated whether nitrous oxide can enhance the suppressive effect of propofol on spinal motor neuron excitability in humans.

Methods: Sixteen adult patients were prospectively randomly assigned to be given either propofol alone (group P; n = 8) or a supplement of 66% nitrous oxide with propofol (group PN; n = 8) for intraoperative sedation. Propofol was administered by a target-controlled infusion system to maintain sequentially increasing plasma propofol concentrations (Cpt) of 0.

[Spontaneous intracranial hypotension manifesting as sudden deafness followed by chronic subdural hematoma].

We report a case of spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) manifesting as sudden deafness followed by chronic subdural hematoma in the course of the disease. The patient was a 31-year-old female presenting with an orthostatic headache. Judging from her characteristic symptoms, SIH was strongly suggested.

[Systemic lupus erythematosus manifesting as subarachnoid hemorrhage induced by cortical venous thrombosis and followed by medial medullary infarction].

A 43-year-old female, who had been treated for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), presented with a subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) induced by rupture of cortical venous thrombosis, and be followed by medial medullary infarction during the acute stage of the SAH. The patient initially manifested a SAH. Angiography demonstrated no evidence of any aneurysms or arteriovenous malformations, but revealed cortical venous thrombosis.

Interadductor approach to obturator nerve block for transurethral resection procedure: comparison with traditional approach.

Purpose: We compared the interadductor approach of obturator nerve block with the traditional approach in terms of the insertion-adductor contraction interval (ICI), success rate, completion of the block, and plasma lidocaine concentration.

Methods: An obturator nerve block by the interadductor approach was performed by needle insertion 1 cm behind the adductor longus tendon and 2 cm lateral to the pubic arch in 12 patients, and by the traditional approach in 12 patients.

Results: The ICI with the interadductor approach was significantly shorter than that with the traditional approach.

[Two adult cases of unilateral schizencephaly manifesting as minor neurological signs--importance of radiographic CT assessment].

We report two adult cases of unilateral schizencephaly manifesting as minor neurological signs. Case 1 was a 52-year-old female with an attack of partial seizure. CT demonstrated a closed cleft in the left frontal lobe.

[A case of vertebral dissecting aneurysm manifesting as subarachnoid hemorrhage following nuchal pain].

We report a case of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) from vertebral dissecting aneurysm 4 days after first nuchal pain. The patient was a 46-year-old man with a sudden onset of nuchal pain. There were no obvious abnormalities detected on MR images in another hospital.

[A case of partial fascicular oculomotor paresis caused by midbrain infarction].

We report a 74-year-old man with an ischemic lesion in the ventral midbrain. He presented with contralateral ptosis and marked upward gaze paresis of the right eye. Neurological examination revealed partial oculomotor nerve palsy caused by impairment of the right levator palpebrae, superior rectus and inferior oblique muscles.

Propofol reduces spinal motor neuron excitability in humans.

We investigated in humans whether changes in spinal motor neuron excitability correlate with the predicted propofol concentration (Cpt) achieved by a target-controlled infusion system. Propofol suppressed F-wave persistence in a Cpt-dependent manner, indicating that propofol depresses spinal motor neuron excitability at clinically relevant concentrations.

[Clinical features in six patients with liver abscess caused by Streptococcus milleri].

Among 39 patients with pyogenic liver abscess who were admitted to our institute, six (15%) were infected by Streptococcus milleri (S. milleri). We investigated clinical features of these six patients.

[Total intravenous anesthesia by propofol, fentanyl and ketamine for five cases of acute superior mesenteric artery occlusion].

We report the anesthetic management for emergency surgery of five patients with acute superior mesenteric artery occlusion. Although induction was performed with a combination of propofol, fentanyl and ketamine, their hemodynamics was relatively stable during the induction and maintenance of anesthesia. Immediately after embolectomy, reperfusion of the superior mesenteric artery led to sudden hypotension, requiring the administration of fluids and vasoactive agents in two of four patients.

[Pre-emptive analgesia with intravenous ketamine reduces postoperative pain in young patients after appendicectomy: a randomized control study].

Thirty-six young patients (12-17 years old) for appendicectomy were randomly allocated to receive ketamine 0.5 mg.kg-1 (K 0.

[Comparison between total intravenous anesthesia and inhalation anesthesia in the surgery of acute cholecystitis].

We investigated retrospectively the influence of anesthetic methods on the intraoperative managements and postoperative outcomes in 26 patients receiving emergency or early surgery for acute cholecystitis. Fourteen of the 26 patients received total intravenous anesthesia with propofol, fentanyl, and ketamine (PFK group), while the remainder received nitrous oxide and isoflurane or sevoflurane anesthesia (GO group). There were no significant differences between the groups with respect to demographic data.

[Target-controlled propofol infusion for general anesthesia in three obese patients].

We report three cases in which the target-controlled propofol infusion technique was used in obese patients for general anesthesia. General anesthesia was induced by intravenous administration of fentanyl 150-300 micrograms and ketamine 50-80 mg and propofol 2 micrograms.ml-1 to achieve a target blood concentration by target-controlled infusion system.

[The effects of intravenous anesthetics, propofol, fentanyl and ketamine on the excitability of spinal motoneuron in human: an F-wave study].

We have investigated the effects of various intravenous anesthetics, propofol, fentanyl and ketamine on the excitability of spinal motoneuron using an F-wave analysis in a total of 28 patients. All patients were divided randomly into three groups as follows; 2 mg.kg-1 intravenous bolus injection followed by 6 mg.

[Use of intubating laryngeal mask airway for three patients with difficult intubation].

We used intubating laryngeal mask airway (ILM) for three patients with difficult intubation, and tracheal intubation was successfully performed through the ILM in all three cases. Difficult intubation in the first case was caused by direct invasion of malignant lymphoma into the right maxillary sinus leading to restricted mouth opening. Neck stiffness due to invasion of metastatic cancer into the cervical spine in the second case and facial trauma caused by traffic accident in the third case gave rise to the difficult intubation.