Therapeutic effect of carbon monoxide-releasing molecule-3 on acute lung injury after hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation.

Hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation (HSR) induces a pulmonary inflammatory response and frequently causes acute lung injury. Carbon monoxide-releasing molecule-3 (CORM-3) has been reported to liberate and deliver CO under physiological conditions, which exerts organ-protective effects during systemic insults. The present study aimed to determine whether the administration of CORM-3 following HSR exerts a therapeutic effect against HSR-induced lung injury without any detrimental effects on oxygenation and hemodynamics.

Impaired comprehension of metaphorical expressions in very mild Alzheimer's disease.

Background: Brain-damaged patients often have difficulty understanding non-literal language. However, whether patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) have comprehension deficits of metaphorical expressions, in contrast with non-metaphorical (literal) expressions, remains unclear.

Patients And Methods: The subjects were 40 AD patients; 20 had mild AD (17-23 points on the Mini-Mental State Examination [MMSE]), and 20 had very mild AD (≥24 points).

Glutathione accelerates osteoclast differentiation and inflammatory bone destruction.

Chronic inflammation associated with bone tissues often destructs bones, which is essentially performed by osteoclasts in the presence of immunoregulatory molecules. Hence, regulating osteoclastogenesis is crucial to develop therapeutics for bone-destructive inflammatory diseases. It is believed that reactive oxygen species (ROS) are involved in receptor activator of NF-κB (RANK) ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast differentiation, and, therefore, glutathione (GSH), the most abundant endogenous antioxidant, suppresses osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption by RANKL.

Involvement of the Hydroperoxy Group in the Irreversible Inhibition of Leukocyte-Type 12-Lipoxygenase by Monoterpene Glycosides Contained in the Qing Shan Lu Shui Tea.

We have previously found two novel monoterpene glycosides, liguroside A and liguroside B, with an inhibitory effect on the catalytic activity of the enzyme leukocyte-type 12-lipoxygenase in the Qing Shan Lu Shui tea. Here, two new monoterpene glycosides, liguroside C and liguroside D which inhibit this enzyme, were isolated from the same tea. The spectral and chemical evidence characterized the structures of these compounds as (5)-7-hydroperoxy-3,7-dimethyl-1,5-octadienyl-3--(α-l-rhamnopyranosyl)-(1''→3')-(4'''----coumaroyl)-β-d-glucopyranoside and (2)-6-hydroxy-3,7-dimethyl-2,7-octadienyl-3--(α-l-rhamnopyranosyl)-(1''→3')-(4'''----coumaroyl)-β-d-glucopyranoside, respectively.

Integrated Performance Evaluation of the Smart Body Area Networks Physical Layer for Future Medical and Healthcare IoT.

This paper performs integrated performance evaluation, including preamble detection in the Smart Body Area Networks (SmartBAN) physical layer (PHY). The system specifications for a PHY and media access control layer (MAC) in SmartBAN, which is a standard for medical and health care advanced by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI), were issued in April 2015. In the PHY, the packet structure has a two-octet preamble, which is used, e.

Proanthocyanidin and anthocyanins from the hulls and beards of red-kerneled rice and their antiglycation properties.

In the current study, we isolated a proanthocyanidin oligomer from the hulls of red-kerneled rice. The structure of the oligomer was characterized based on spectral data and chemical reaction. Furthermore, two anthocyanins were isolated from the beards of the same source.

Individual variations in steps per day for meeting physical activity guidelines in young adult women.

Cross-sectional studies have found a correlation between the duration or volume of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and steps per day (STEP), but there is little information on why this relationship varies among individuals. No previous research has established whether STEP can be used to estimate the duration of physical activity (PA) at or above lactate threshold (≥LT), such as for maintaining cardiorespiratory fitness. This study explored the association among STEP, MVPA indices, and ≥LT under free-living conditions.

Emotional Empathy as a Mechanism of Synchronisation in Child-Robot Interaction.

Simulating emotional experience, emotional empathy is the fundamental ingredient of interpersonal communication. In the speaker-listener scenario, the speaker is always a child, the listener is a human or a toy robot. Two groups of neurotypical children aged 6 years on average composed the population: one Japanese ( = 20) and one French ( = 20).

Performance Evaluation of a Quality of Service Control Scheme in Multi-Hop WBAN Based on IEEE 802.15.6.

The performance of a quality of service (QoS) control scheme in a multi-hop wireless body area network (WBAN) based on the IEEE Std. 802.15.

Antioxidant activity and Neurite outgrowth-enhancing activity of scorbamic acid and a red pigment derived from ascorbic acid.

L-Ascorbic acid (AA), known as vitamin C, can form browning products by a non-enzymatic process during storage and the browning products cause deterioration of agricultural products. In the browning reaction, a red pigment, 2,2´-nitrilodi-2(2´)-deoxy-L-ascorbic acid ammonium salt (NDA), is generated from AA L-scorbamic acid (SCA) as an intermediate. However, the biological activities of SCA and NDA have not yet been clarified.

Diets containing pomegranate polyphenol and soy isoflavone attenuate contact hypersensitivity in mice.

Contact hypersensitivity (CHS) is frequently used as an animal model for human allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). Diets of pomegranate polyphenols (PPs) or soy isoflavones (SIs) each alleviated CHS symptoms; however, the effect of diets containing a mixture of PPs and SIs on CHS is unclear. We investigated the CHS-inhibitory effects of diets supplemented with a mixture of PPs and SIs at human physiologically relevant doses.

Life Satisfaction, Interpersonal Relationships, and Learning Influence Withdrawal from School: A Study among Junior High School Students in Japan.

School absenteeism, particularly among junior high school students, has increased annually in Japan. This study demonstrates the relationship between subjective adjustment to school life and students' absenteeism. Data were collected from 17,378 junior high school students in Japan.

Ingestion of soy protein isolate attenuates eccentric contraction-induced force depression and muscle proteolysis via inhibition of calpain-1 activation in rat fast-twitch skeletal muscle.

Objective: Eccentric contraction (ECC) is a contraction in which skeletal muscles are stretched while contracting. The aim of this study was to determine how ingestion of soy protein isolate (SPI) or animal-based proteins affect force deficit, calpain activation, and proteolysis of calcium ion (Ca)-regulatory proteins in rat fast-twitch muscles subjected to ECC.

Methods: In the first experiment, male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to a control and an SPI group, which were fed a 20% casein and a 20% SPI diet, respectively, for 28 d before the ECC protocol.

Simultaneous Quantification of Ellagitannins and Related Polyphenols in Using Quantitative NMR.

Compared to commonly employed liquid chromatography-based methods, quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance (qNMR) is a recently developed method for accurate quantification of natural compounds in extracts. The simultaneous quantification of ellagitannins and the related polyphenols of were studied using qNMR after a short-term and long-term decoction. The qNMR fingerprint for quantifying ellagitannin was presented in this work.

Public perceptions toward mental illness in Japan.

Aim: The purpose was to characterize public perceptions in Japan of mental illness and how they related to stigma-related attitudes for the same.

Methods: Data were obtained using a vignette survey conducted as a part of the Stigma in Global Context - Mental Health Study and contained a nationally representative sample (n = 994). The survey was conducted using a multi-mode approach (face-to-face interviews, the drop-off-and-pick-up, postal collection) from September to December 2006, with a multi-stage probability sample of Japanese residents aged 18-64 years.

A Japanese version of the stressors in nursing students (SINS) scale.

Objectives: To translate and study the factor structure of a Japanese version of the Stressors in Nursing Students scale.

Methods: The Stressors in Nursing Students scale was translated into Japanese and administered to a large cohort ( = 1298) of female Japanese nursing students across five universities and across all four years of the nursing programme. The data were analysed using exploratory factor analysis.

Preventive effect of on squamous cell carcinoma of mouse skin involving down-regulation of prostaglandin E synthetic pathway.

Hyperproduced prostaglandin E by cyclooxygenase-2 and microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 evokes several pathophysiological responses such as inflammation and carcinogenesis. Our recent study demonstrated that extract suppressed the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 and induced apoptosis in lung carcinoma A549 cells. In the present study, we investigated the effects of on squamous cell carcinoma of mouse skin.

[Milk, Daily products and Bone health.Effect of milks and daily products on bone health.].

In Japan, nutrition education programs to prevent osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures have focused primarily on increasing dietary calcium intake and recommended the consumption of milk and dairy products. However, the effect of milk and dairy product consumption on bone density loss or fracture incidence in Japanese has rarely been evaluated in randomized controlled studies. In the present study, we reviewed the literature investigating the consumption of milk and dairy products in relation to bone density and fracture risk.

[Aging and verbal memory -an experimental study using structured and non-structured word lists].

Aim: Typical neuropsychological methods for measuring the verbal memory function include the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT) and the California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT). The stimulus words of the CVLT are structured according to their semantic categories, and many researchers have claimed that the CVLT can also evaluate subjects' memory strategy. However, the stimulus words of these tests do not have equal difficulty, which is necessary when comparing their performances directly, and there are no standard word lists for them in Japanese.

Effect of Simulated Patient Practice on the Self-Efficacy of Japanese Undergraduate Dietitians in Nutrition Care Process Skills.

Objective: To examine the effect of an adapted simulated patient (SP) intervention on self-efficacy in nutrition care process skills.

Design: A repeated-measures design using a 25-item survey divided into 7 nutrition professional practice competencies (PPCs) employing a 5-point self-efficacy scale (1 = lowest to 5 = highest) administered immediately before and after the intervention.

Setting: A private Japanese university.

Physical Health Care for People with Severe Mental Illness: the Attitudes, Practices, and Training Needs of Nurses in Three Asian Countries.

People with severe mental illness (SMI) have considerable unmet physical health needs and an increased risk of early mortality. This cross-sectional survey utilized the Physical Health Attitude Scale (PHASe) to examine the attitudes, practices, and training needs of nurses towards physical health care of people with SMI in three Asian countries (Hong Kong, Japan, Qatar). Cross-country differences were explored and linear regression was used to investigate if nurses' attitudes and confidence were associated with their level of involvement in physical health care.

Potential Antitumor Activity of 2-O-α-d-Glucopyranosyl-6-O-(2-Pentylheptanoyl)-l-Ascorbic Acid.

Intravenous administration of high-dose ascorbic acid (AA) has been reported as a treatment for cancer patients. However, cancer patients with renal failure cannot receive this therapy because high-dose AA infusion can have side effects. To solve this problem, we evaluated the antitumor activity of a lipophilic stable AA derivative, 2--α-d-glucopyranosyl-6--(2-pentylheptanoyl)-l-ascorbic acid (6-bOcta-AA-2G).

National data showed that delayed sleep in six-year-old children was associated with excessive use of electronic devices at 12 years.

Aim: Cross-sectional studies have shown associations between adolescent sleep problems and the use of electronic devices, such as mobile phones, but longitudinal studies remain scarce. We explored any association between delayed bedtimes at six years old and the excessive use of electronic devices at 12 years of age. Texting was a prime focus.

l-arginine ingestion inhibits eccentric contraction-induced proteolysis and force deficit via S-nitrosylation of calpain.

It has been shown that calpains are involved in the proteolysis of muscle proteins that occurs with eccentric contraction (ECC) and that exogenously applied nitric oxide decreases the calpain-mediated proteolysis. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of ingestion of l-arginine (ARG), a nitric oxide precursor, on ECC-related calpain activation. In the first and second experiments, male Wistar rats were given ARG in water for 7 days starting from 3 days before the ECC protocol (average ingestion, ~600 mg kg-body wt  day ).