The coronal plane alignment of the knee classification of a Japanese population indicates more varus deformity tendency compared with European countries.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the distribution of the coronal plane alignment of the knee (CPAK) phenotype between the healthy population and the arthritic population in Japan.

Methods: The retrospective cross-sectional study included 1049 knees. There were 256 healthy individuals with a total of 512 knees and 310 individuals with a total of 537 arthritic knees who underwent around-knee osteotomy between June 2010 and January 2024.

Age-dependence of semitendinosus tendon properties used for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction differs in males and females.

Background: The semitendinosus tendon is one of the most used autografts in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Although recent evidence indicates that young patients, especially in females, may experience high rates of revision and residual instability, the reasons for the inferior outcomes in these patients remain unclear. To address this issue, we aimed to compare the mechanical properties of the semitendinosus tendon used for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in male and female patients of various ages.

Age-related changes in mechanical properties of semitendinosus tendon used for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

Background: Hamstring tendons are a popular choice for autografts in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. However, there is increasing evidence that hamstring tendon autografts carry a high risk of revision and residual instability in young patients. To elucidate the reasons for the inferior outcome of the reconstructed ACL with hamstring tendon autografts in young patients, we investigated the Young's modulus and the extent of cyclic loading-induced slackening of the semitendinosus tendon used for ACL reconstruction across a broad range of ages.

Free air on CT and the risk of peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis patients: a retrospective study.

Background: Intra-abdominal free air is found frequently in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD). Some studies have investigated an association between intra-abdominal free air and peritonitis in PD patients. However, most used chest X-rays, which are of limited sensitivity, and the association was not made clear.

Darbepoetin alfa (KRN321) is safe and effective when administered subcutaneously once every 2 or 4 weeks to patients on peritoneal dialysis in Japan.

Background: Darbepoetin alfa (KRN321) is a recombinant protein that stimulates erythropoiesis by the same mechanism as endogenous erythropoietin. Due to its longer half-life and greater biological activity than recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO), KRN321 maintains an effective hemoglobin (Hb) level at extended dose intervals compared with rHuEPO. The efficacy and safety of KRN321 administered subcutaneously to patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD) were tested.

The effect of intraperitoneal 22-oxacalcitriol on secondary hyperparathyroidism in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients (IPOX study).

Secondary hyperparathyroidism is a major complication in uremic patients undergoing dialysis. Various active metabolites of vitamin D are used as oral treatment; however, in some patients, parathyroid hormone (PTH) is not ideally suppressed. Intravenous injection of an active form of vitamin D inhibits PTH more effectively than does oral administration.

Implantation of presternal catheter using Moncrief technique: aiming for fewer catheter-related complications.

Objectives: To reduce catheter-related complications, we developed a new technique of catheter implantation, combining a presternal catheter with the Moncrief technique.

Methods: The presternal catheter, consisting of 2 catheters joined by a titanium extender, was surgically implanted. Its end was left embedded in the presternal wall.

[Secondary tumor of the temporal bone with internal auditory meatus involvement--histopathological study].

Nineteen cases of secondary tumor of the temporal bone with involvement of the internal auditory meatus (IAM) were studied. The cases were classified into 4 invasion modes; direct extension from head and neck tumors (12 cases), hematological dissemination (3 cases), diffuse leptomeningeal carcinomatosis (3 cases), and direct extension of tumors from the intracranium (1 case). There were some differences in the manner in which the tumor had spread among these 4 modes.

[Studies on distortion of the optic nerve by the internal carotid artery].

The optic nerve (ON) is sometimes distorted by an atherosclerotic internal carotid artery (IC) which we observe during operations. However the distortion seldom causes visual dysfunction. In this paper, 102 nonoperative cases without severe visual disturbance or marked effect on the visual system were studied, using coronal section of MRI and IC angiography, to ascertion ON distortion by IC.

Surgical adjuvant treatment of esophageal carcinoma: a Japanese Esophageal Oncology Group experience.

To improve the survival rate of patients with esophageal carcinoma, many types of treatment adjuvant to surgery have been examined. In Western countries, neoadjuvant chemotherapy or chemoradiation therapy has been preferentially studied. In Japan, preoperative radiotherapy was regarded to be the best treatment arm in the past, but the JEOG study clarified the role of postoperative radiotherapy.

Phase II evaluation of cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil in advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus: a Japanese Esophageal Oncology Group Trial.

Thirty-nine patients with advanced measurable squamous cell carcinomas were treated with two or more courses of 70 mg cisplatin/m2 on day 1 and 700 mg infused 5-fluorouracil/m2 on days 1-5 every 21 days. The overall response rate was 35.9 (95% confidence limits, 24.

Phase II evaluation of combined cisplatin and vindesine in advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus: Japanese Esophageal Oncology Group Trial.

In the present phase II study, 31 patients with advanced measurable esophageal carcinomas were treated with a combination of 30 mg vindesine/m2 and 70 mg cisplatin/m2. The overall response rate was 16.1% (95% confidence limits, 7.

[Chemotherapy of esophageal carcinoma].

Surgery and radiation therapy had been the main treatment methods for esophageal carcinoma. Since the clinical use of cisplatin, chemotherapy became the third arm of the treatment. Many chemotherapeutic agent have clinical effect in the form of single administration.