Periportal low attenuation associated with liver metastasis from colorectal cancer: evaluation using multi-detector-row CT with pathological correlation.

Objectives: Periportal low attenuation (PPLA) associated with metastatic liver cancer is occasionally seen on multi-detector-row CT (MDCT). The purpose of this study was to investigate the MDCT patterns of the PPLA and to correlate it with pathological findings.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the MDCT images of 63 patients with metastatic liver cancers from colorectal adenocarcinoma.

Expression of the anaphylatoxin C5a receptor in gastric cancer: implications for vascular invasion and patient outcomes.

The C5a receptor (C5aR) expressed in various types of cancers is involved in C5a-induced cancer cell invasion. However, its role in gastric cancer has not yet been fully elucidated. Therefore, we studied the clinical significance of C5aR expression in gastric cancer.

Pulmonary Resection for a Residual Tumor after Definitive Radiation in Locally Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Objective And Methods: To clarify the benefits of surgery for a persistent tumor following definitive radiation in locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer, five patients were retrospectively reviewed.

Results: All patients received definitive radiation, and three received concurrent chemotherapy followed by anatomical lung resection for a residual local tumor. The median time from the radiation to surgery was 8.

Surgical Results of Pancreaticoduodenectomy for Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: a Multi-institutional Retrospective Study of 174 patients.

Background: Postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) remains a major complication after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD), and the prognosis of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) after PD is poor.

Patients And Methods: A multi-institutional retrospective study was performed in 174 patients who underwent PD for PDAC from 2007 to 2012. The details of clinical data were examined, and risk factors for POPF and poor prognostic factors after PD were identified.

A prospective feasibility study to evaluate neoadjuvant-synchronous S-1 with radiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer: A multicentre phase II trial.

Treatment results of locally advanced rectal cancer without preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in Japan do not differ from those of Western countries. Preoperative CRT with new anticancer agents may decrease local recurrence rate and prevent distant metastases, thus improving survival. We conducted a trial to evaluate feasibility of neoadjuvant CRT using S-1 in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer.

Histologic differentiation and mucin phenotype in white opaque substance-positive gastric neoplasias.

Background And Study Aims: The authors previously reported that the white opaque substance (WOS) in gastric epithelial neoplasia was caused by accumulation of lipid droplets by immunohistochemical and immunoelectron microscopic studies of adipophilin, which was recently identified and validated as a marker of lipid droplets. The aim of the current study was to investigate the characteristics of the histologic differentiation and mucin phenotype in WOS-positive gastric epithelial neoplasias.

Patients And Methods: A total of 130 gastric epithelial neoplasias (45 adenomas and 85 early adenocarcinomas) from 120 patients were retrospectively evaluated.

A randomized phase II study of S-1 plus oral leucovorin versus S-1 monotherapy in patients with gemcitabine-refractory advanced pancreatic cancer.

Background: We evaluated the efficacy and toxicity of adding oral leucovorin (LV) to S-1 when compared with S-1 monotherapy in patients with gemcitabine-refractory pancreatic cancer (PC).

Patients And Methods: Gemcitabine-refractory PC patients were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive S-1 at 40, 50, or 60 mg according to body surface area plus LV 25 mg, both given orally twice daily for 1 week, repeated every 2 weeks (SL group), or S-1 monotherapy at the same dose as the SL group for 4 weeks, repeated every 6 weeks (S-1 group). The primary end point was progression-free survival (PFS).

Genetic Polymorphisms of IL-17F and TRAF3IP2 Could Be Predictive Factors of the Long-Term Effect of Infliximab against Crohn's Disease.

Background: We aimed to identify certain genes related to response to infliximab (IFX) and biomarkers to predict the IFX effect for Japanese Crohn's disease (CD) patients by performing an association study of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in candidate genes in the interleukin- (IL-) 17 signaling pathway with response to IFX after 1 year of treatment.

Methods: A total of 103 patients were divided into two groups, responders and nonresponders. Twenty-eight tag SNPs in 5 genes were genotyped.

TYK2 Promoter Variant and Diabetes Mellitus in the Japanese.

Background: Recently, natural mutation of Tyrosine kinase 2 (Tyk2) gene has been shown to determine susceptibility to murine virus-induced diabetes. In addition, a previous human genome-wide study suggested the type 1 diabetes (T1D) susceptibility region to be 19p13, where the human TYK2 gene is located (19p13.2).

Surgical treatment of liver metastasis of gastric cancer: a retrospective multicenter cohort study (KSCC1302).

Background: The necessity of surgical treatment of liver metastases of gastric cancer is still controversial.

Patients And Methods: We conducted a multicenter retrospective cohort study of liver-limited metastasis of gastric cancer treated surgically between 2000 and 2010. In this study, 103 patients were registered, with nine patients excluded from the analysis as they did not meet the eligibility criteria.

[A case of serous cystic neoplasm with atypical imaging results suggestive of a prismatic internal structure].

The patient was a 67-year-old man with a 39-mm unilocular pancreatic tumor detected by computed tomography (CT). Further examinations with contrast-enhanced CT, magnetic resonance imaging, endoscopic ultrasonography, and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography revealed an internal heterogeneous structure attributed to bleeding or necrosis. Consequently, we expected either a pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor or a solid pseudopapillary neoplasm and performed pancreaticoduodenectomy.

Exophiala dermatitidis pneumonia successfully treated with long-term itraconazole therapy.

Exophiala dermatitidis pneumonia is extremely rare. Here we report a case of E. dermatitidis pneumonia successfully treated with long-term itraconazole therapy.

Detailed clinicopathological characteristics and possible lymphomagenesis of type II intestinal enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma in Japan.

Twenty-six Japanese cases of type II enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma (EATL) were examined. Multiple tumors throughout the small intestine were found in 15 patients (58%) and duodenal and colonic mucosal lesions in 8 and 6 cases, respectively. Histologically, intramucosal tumor spread and a zone of neoplastic intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) neighboring the main transmural tumors were detected in 20 (91%) and 17 (77%) of the 22 cases examined, respectively.

Suspected de novo Hepatitis B in a Patient Receiving Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Therapy for the Treatment of Crohn's Disease.

We report a 45-year-old female patient who developed acute hepatic disorder during anti-tumor necrosis factor α therapy for the treatment of Crohn's disease (CD). She was diagnosed as colonic CD and placed on infliximab (IFX). She was negative for hepatitis B surface antigen at the initiation of IFX therapy, but developed acute hepatitis after the 30th administration of IFX 4 years and 1 month after the first administration.

A large-scale, prospective, observational study of leukocytapheresis for ulcerative colitis: treatment outcomes of 847 patients in clinical practice.

Background And Aims: Leukocytapheresis is an extracorporeal therapy for ulcerative colitis. However, no large-scale study on leukocytapheresis has been reported. This large-scale, prospective, observational study aimed to evaluate the treatment outcomes of leukocytapheresis for active ulcerative colitis in clinical practice.

Congenital intrahepatic portosystemic venous shunt presenting with paraparesis as the initial symptom.

An 85-year-old woman was hospitalized with rapidly progressive paraparesis without altered consciousness, although she was not definitively diagnosed. She developed acute drowsiness and disorientation several days later. An intrahepatic portosystemic venous shunt (IPSVS) was observed on enhanced computed tomography, and hyperammonemia suggested leakage of neurotoxins from the shunt as the etiology of the patient's symptoms.

White opaque substance represents an intracytoplasmic accumulation of lipid droplets: immunohistochemical and immunoelectron microscopic investigation of 26 cases.

Background And Aim: White opaque substance (WOS) in gastric neoplasias is a unique finding visualized in magnifying endoscopy (ME) with narrow band imaging (NBI) and it represents intramucosal accumulation of lipid droplets using oil red O staining.

Methods: Subjects were 26 WOS-positive (13 adenomas and 13 well-differentiated adenocarcinomas) and 27 WOS-negative gastric epithelial neoplasias. We carried out immunohistochemical staining using a monoclonal antibody specific for adipophilin as a marker of lipids.

Impact of the VIO system in hepatic resection for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

Purposes: This study aimed to evaluate a novel surgical device combination [VIO system containing a bipolar clamp (BiClamp) and the monopolar soft-coagulation (SOFT COAG)] in hepatic resection for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods: This study performed 124 hepatic resections for HCC and divided them into 2 groups: 60 patients (Conventional group) underwent liver parenchymal transection using Cavitron Ultrasonic Surgical Aspirator (CUSA) system and saline-coupled bipolar electrocautery for hemostasis; the BiClamp was used with the CUSA system for liver parenchymal transection and SOFT COAG was used with saline-coupled bipolar electrocautery for hemostasis in 64 patients (VIO group).

Results: The median blood loss in the VIO group was 345 mL, which was less than that in the Conventional group (median 548 mL, P = 0.

[A case of splenic artery aneurysm simulating a pancreas tumor].

A 46-year-old man was admitted to our hospital for further evaluation of a hypoechogenic mass in the pancreatic body. He had no history of hypertension, pancreatitis, abdominal trauma, or portal hypertension. He had no abdominal symptoms.

High-sensitivity C-reactive protein is associated with hippocampus volume in nondementia patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

The elevated level of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (HSCRP) is associated with cognitive dysfunction, for which changes in the hippocampus plausibly play a pivotal role. We tested the hypothesis that an elevated level of HSCRP correlates with hippocampus volume and insulin resistance in nondementia patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Subjects included 45 nondementia patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, who were divided into 2 groups: high-HSCRP group (age, 65 ± 6 years [mean ± SD]; n = 17) and normal-HSCRP group (65 ± 7 years, n = 28).

Hepatocyte growth factor is a significant risk factor for white matter lesions in Japanese type 2 diabetic patients.

Background: The presence of white matter lesions (WML) is an important prognostic factor for the development of stroke. Elevated hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) levels are associated with a high mortality rate in type 2 diabetic patients. The preliminary study was therefore designed to test the hypothesis that the presence of WML correlates with HGF and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic patients not receiving insulin treatment.