Parent Perspectives on Communication Quality in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.

Background: Though prior literature has demonstrated that communication in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) needs to be improved, in-depth descriptions of parents' views of NICU communication are lacking.

Purpose: We sought (1) to explore parent perceptions of communication in the NICU and (2) to understand parents' communication needs and preferences.

Methods: We conducted in-depth semi-structured cognitive interviews utilizing concurrent probes with parents of 10 patients in our urban level IV Neonatal Intensive Care Unit over a period of 4 months (July 2021-October 2021).

Effect of Routine Nurse Caregiving on the Stress Responses and Behavior State in Preterm Infants: A Systematic Review.

Background: Although routine nurse caregiving is vital for the overall health of preterm infants, variations in approaches may exert distinct effects on preterm infants' stress responses and behavior state.

Purpose: The purpose of this systematic review was to examine routine nurse caregiving in the neonatal intensive care unit and its effect on stress responses and behavior state in preterm infants.

Data Sources: A systematic search was conducted using PubMed, Embase, and CINAHL for studies published between 2013 and 2023.

A pilot study of Keto Prescribed+: A healthy thinking and eating educational program for African American women.

African American (AA) women have the highest prevalence of obesity in addition to health disparities in preventable diet-related diseases (i.e., diabetes, hypertension), which places them at increased risk for cardiovascular disease.

A Core Outcome Set for Research Evaluating Interventions to Enable Communication in Patients With an Artificial Airway: An International Delphi Consensus Study (Comm-COS).

Objectives: Critically ill adults requiring artificial airways experience profound communication deficits. Studies of interventions supporting communication report disparate outcomes, creating subsequent challenges in the interpretation of their effectiveness. Therefore, we aimed to develop international consensus for a communication core outcome set (Comm-COS) for future trials of communication interventions in this population.

Probing the neurocardiac circuit in trauma and posttraumatic stress.

The neurocardiac circuit is integral to physiological regulation of threat and trauma-related responses. However, few direct investigations of brain-behavior associations with replicable physiological markers of PTSD have been conducted. The current study probed the neurocardiac circuit by examining associations among its core regions in the brain (e.

Changes in the cost-effectiveness of pneumococcal vaccination and of programs to increase its uptake in U.S. older adults.

Background: Multiple factors, such as less complex U.S. adult pneumococcal recommendations that could increase vaccination rates, childhood pneumococcal vaccination indirect effects that decrease adult vaccination impact, and increased vaccine hesitancy (particularly in underserved minorities), could diminish the cost-effectiveness of programs to increase pneumococcal vaccination in older adults.

Mobile Health Apps, Family Caregivers, and Care Planning: Scoping Review.

Background: People living with multiple chronic conditions (MCCs) face substantial challenges in planning and coordinating increasingly complex care. Family caregivers provide important assistance for people with MCCs but lack sufficient support. Caregiver apps have the potential to help by enhancing care coordination and planning among the health care team, including patients, caregivers, and clinicians.

Sex-dependent differences in vulnerability to early risk factors for posttraumatic stress disorder: results from the AURORA study.

Background: Knowledge of sex differences in risk factors for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can contribute to the development of refined preventive interventions. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine if women and men differ in their vulnerability to risk factors for PTSD.

Methods: As part of the longitudinal AURORA study, 2924 patients seeking emergency department (ED) treatment in the acute aftermath of trauma provided self-report assessments of pre- peri- and post-traumatic risk factors, as well as 3-month PTSD severity.

Inspiring High School Students to Be Future Nurses.

As an outreach recruitment endeavor, a hospital system and an affiliated college of nursing collaborated to host an immersive nursing learning experience for diverse high school participants. The program included hospital tours, speakers, educational games, and wellness activities to promote pursual of nursing as a future career path. The authors describe details of the development of the program, lessons learned, program outcomes, and implications for future programs and applicability in different settings.

Pilot Testing Transcreated Spanish-Language Study Materials for Symptom Research With Infants and Parents in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.

Background: Rising admission rates of Hispanic/Latinx families to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) have increased the number of non-English-speaking individuals who may wish to participate in research studies. However, a lack of appropriately translated research study materials may limit the opportunity for these families to be involved in research that could impact the care that infants and families receive in the NICU.

Purpose: The primary purpose was to pilot test study materials that were transcreated from English to Spanish with the assistance of a bilingual community advisory board with Spanish-speaking parents of NICU infants.

Intensive longitudinal assessment following index trauma to predict development of PTSD using machine learning.

There are significant challenges to identifying which individuals require intervention following exposure to trauma, and a need for strategies to identify and provide individuals at risk for developing PTSD with timely interventions. The present study seeks to identify a minimal set of trauma-related symptoms, assessed during the weeks following traumatic exposure, that can accurately predict PTSD. Participants were 2185 adults (Mean age=36.

Theoretically Based Factors Associated With Stroke Family Caregiver Health.

Purpose: Most persons who have had strokes are cared for at home by family members-many of whom experience depressive symptoms and quality of life changes as a result of providing care. The objective of this study is to determine theoretically based factors associated with unhealthy days in stroke family caregivers.

Research Design And Methods: Secondary data analysis was conducted using baseline data from a large randomized controlled clinical trial testing the Telephone Assessment and Skill-Building Kit program with 254 family caregivers of persons who have had strokes.

Sources of Sound Exposure in Pediatric Critical Care.

Background: Sound levels in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) are often above recommended levels, but few researchers have identified the sound sources contributing to high levels.

Objectives: To identify sources of PICU sound exposure.

Methods: This was a secondary analysis of continuous bedside video and dosimeter data (n = 220.

More than Just a Number: Perspectives from Black Male Participants on Community-Based Interventions and Clinical Trials to Address Cardiovascular Health Disparities.

Background: Black Americans remain significantly underrepresented and understudied in research. Community-based interventions have been increasingly recognized as an effective model for reckoning with clinical trial participation challenges amongst underrepresented groups, yet a paucity of studies implement this approach. The present study sought to gain insight into Black male participants' perception of clinical trials before and after participating in a community-based team lifestyle intervention in the United States.

Cost-effectiveness of an in-development adult-formulated 21-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in US adults aged 50 years or older.

Indirect effects of childhood pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV) have diminished the cost-effectiveness of current adult vaccine recommendations. An in-development adult-formulated 21-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV21) may play a critical role in reducing pneumococcal illness by targeting a larger number of serotypes responsible for adult pneumococcal infections. This study assesses the cost-effectiveness of PCV21 in US adults aged 50 years or older compared with currently recommended pneumococcal vaccines, from both the societal and healthcare perspectives.

Gut Microbiota and Symptom Expression and Severity in Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome.

Neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) affecting neonates with fetal exposure to opioids, is defined by expression and severity of symptoms. The pathophysiology behind symptoms variability is lacking. The study aims were to examine (a) differences in gut microbiota of neonates with and without NAS, (b) the relationships between gut microbiota and symptom expression and NAS severity, and (c) the changes in the neonate gut microbiota diversity during the course of NAS treatment.

Sex Differences in Response Inhibition-Related Neural Predictors of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Civilians With Recent Trauma.

Background: Females are more likely to develop posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) than males. Impaired inhibition has been identified as a mechanism for PTSD development, but studies on potential sex differences in this neurobiological mechanism and how it relates to PTSD severity and progression are relatively rare. Here, we examined sex differences in neural activation during response inhibition and PTSD following recent trauma.

Developing Crowdsourced Clinical Registry Studies.

Crowdsourced registries have been used to quickly gather information, especially during emerging public health concerns. Registries that began during the COVID-19 pandemic were used to rapidly answer key questions on coinfections, experimental treatments, and morbidity and mortality outcomes. Registries are also used more frequently to support clinical trials and track long-term outcomes in patient populations.

Pneumococcal Vaccination Strategies in 50-Year-Olds to Decrease Racial Disparities: A US Societal Perspective Cost-Effectiveness Analysis.

Objectives: This study assesses the impact of expanding pneumococcal vaccination to all 50-year-olds to decrease racial disparities by estimating from the societal perspective, the cost-effectiveness of 20-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV20) and 15-valent conjugate vaccine followed by 23-valent polysaccharide vaccine (PCV15/PPSV23) for 50-year-olds.

Methods: A Markov model compared the cost-effectiveness of PCV20 or PCV15/PPSV23 in all general population 50- and 65-years-olds compared with current US recommendations and with no vaccination in US Black and non-Black cohorts. US data informed model parameters.