Utilization of ChatGPT for Rhinology Patient Education: Limitations in a Surgical Sub-Specialty.

Objective: To analyze the accuracy of ChatGPT-generated responses to common rhinologic patient questions.

Methods: Ten common questions from rhinology patients were compiled by a panel of 4 rhinology fellowship-trained surgeons based on clinical patient experience. This panel (Panel 1) developed consensus "expert" responses to each question.

Discoidin Domain Receptor 1 impacts bone microarchitecture with aging in female mice.

Discoidin Domain Receptor 1 (DDR1) is a receptor tyrosine kinase that binds to and is activated by collagen(s), including collagen type I. deletion in osteoblasts and chondrocytes has previously demonstrated the importance of this receptor in bone development. In this study, we examined the effect of DDR1 ablation on bone architecture and mechanics as a function of aging.

Endoscopic Flexor Hallucis Longus Tendon Transfer for the Treatment of Chronic Achilles Tendon Defects.

Background: An all-inside endoscopic flexor hallucis longus (FHL) tendon transfer is indicated for the treatment of chronic, full-thickness Achilles tendon defects. The aim of this procedure is to restore function of the gastrocnemius-soleus complex while avoiding the wound complications associated with open procedures.

Description: This procedure can be performed through 2 endoscopic portals, a posteromedial portal (the working portal) and a posterolateral portal (the visualization portal).

Measuring the Impact of Healthcare Provider Availability on Quality of Care and Disease Burden in Ohio: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Chronic lower respiratory disease, heart disease, and diabetes have a higher prevalence in rural areas. Previous studies raise concerns that a lower supply of physicians is associated with negative outcomes.

Objective: To assess disease burden across the 88 counties in Ohio, including Appalachian and non-Appalachian counties, and examine associations with the number of healthcare providers.

Capturing human response to Winter Storm Frankie based on X (formerly known as Twitter) data.

This study delves into how people responded to Winter Storm Frankie in the United States based on X (formerly known as Twitter®) data according to a multitude of regions, periods, sociodemographic characteristics, census regions, and geographical scales. This study finds that people actively respond to natural disasters on X during the winter storm week. Specifically, the highest number of keywords during the winter storm week is 1.

Areas in conflict and emergency response: Navigating complex challenges.

This article explores the intricate relationship between conflict and emergency response. It emphasizes the need for understanding the nexus between these two challenges and the pivotal role of conflict analysis in effective humanitarian efforts. This article highlights real-world examples and the importance of conflict-sensitive approaches while addressing the challenges and ethical dilemmas in conflict-affected emergency response.

Can Large Language Models Aid Caregivers of Pediatric Cancer Patients in Information Seeking? A Cross-Sectional Investigation.

Purpose: Caregivers in pediatric oncology need accurate and understandable information about their child's condition, treatment, and side effects. This study assesses the performance of publicly accessible large language model (LLM)-supported tools in providing valuable and reliable information to caregivers of children with cancer.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we evaluated the performance of the four LLM-supported tools-ChatGPT (GPT-4), Google Bard (Gemini Pro), Microsoft Bing Chat, and Google SGE-against a set of frequently asked questions (FAQs) derived from the Children's Oncology Group Family Handbook and expert input (In total, 26 FAQs and 104 generated responses).

Measurable residual disease and posttransplantation gilteritinib maintenance for patients with FLT3-ITD-mutated AML.

BMT CTN 1506 ("MORPHO"; NCT02997202) was a randomized phase 3 study of gilteritinib compared to placebo as maintenance therapy after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT) for patients with FLT3-ITD-mutated acute myeloid leukemia (AML). A key secondary endpoint was to determine the impact on survival of pre- and/or post-HCT measurable residual disease (MRD), as determined using a highly sensitive assay for FLT3-ITD mutations. Generally, gilteritinib maintenance therapy was associated with improved relapse-free survival (RFS) for participants with detectable peri-HCT MRD, whereas no benefit was evident for those lacking detectable MRD.

Colloidal semiconductor quantum shells for solution-processed laser applications.

Laser diodes based on solution-processed semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) present an economical and color-tunable alternative to traditional epitaxial lasers. However, their efficiency is significantly limited by non-radiative Auger recombination, a process that increases lasing thresholds and diminishes device longevity through excessive heat generation. Recent advancements indicate that these limitations can be mitigated by employing spherical quantum wells, or quantum shells (QSs), in place of conventional QDs.

Tracing fineware production in the Neo-Assyrian empire: Neutron activation analysis of common and Palace Ware in the upper Tigris River Valley, Turkey.

In the Iron Age, the Neo-Assyrian empire (c. 900-600 BC) conquered territory across southwest Asia and established regional capitals along its borders to secure its gains. Governors at these centers oversaw resource extraction and craft production for shipment to the imperial heartland in modern-day northern Iraq.

Defining the caudal limits of the endoscopic endonasal approach to the craniovertebral junction: anatomic study correlating radiographic measures.

Objective: The endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA), has become the preferred alternative to traditional open and transoral approaches to the ventral craniovertebral junction (CVJ) region. However, preoperative prediction of the limitations of caudal reach remains challenging. This cadaveric study aimed to quantify the CVJ area of exposure and access afforded by the EEA, evaluate the accuracy of previously described radiographic anthropometric lines, and identify the lowest limit of the EEA corridor.

Systemic lupus erythematosus is associated with an increased risk of cervical artery dissection.

Limited evidence suggests that autoimmune diseases are associated with an increased risk of cervical artery dissection (CeAD). We hypothesized individuals with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) would have an increased risk of CeAD following SLE diagnosis compared to matched non-lupus controls. We queried a de-identified United States electronic medical records network (TriNetX, Inc.

Barriers to orthodox medical care of prostate cancer in Ghana.

Traditional medicine is widely used in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly in Ghana, where it is commonly integrated with modern orthodox medicine. This study examines the barriers that delay the pursuit of orthodox medical care for prostate cancer (PCa) in Ghana's Central region, where a blend of traditional and modern orthodox medicine exists. The preference for indigenous traditional medicine often results in late-stage presentations of PCa, adversely affecting patient outcomes.

Patient-Reported Improvements in Patients with PNH Treated with Iptacopan from Two Phase 3 Studies.

Iptacopan, a first-in-class, oral, selective complement factor B inhibitor, demonstrated efficacy and safety as monotherapy in C5 inhibitor (C5i)-experienced (APPLY-PNH [NCT04558918]) and C5i-naive (APPOINT-PNH [NCT04820530]) patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH). In APPLY-PNH and APPOINT-PNH, changes in fatigue (FACIT-Fatigue) and health-related quality of life (HRQOL; EORTC QLQ-C30) from baseline to Day 168 were evaluated. The proportion of patients achieving meaningful within-patient change (MWPC) on the FACIT-Fatigue and 4 EORTC QLQ-C30 subscales (physical functioning, role functioning, fatigue, dyspnea) was evaluated using anchor-based thresholds.

Evaluation of the Food Literacy Project's "Nourishing Food Literacy, Community Health and Sense of Place in Louisville, Kentucky" Initiative.

Background And Objectives: Community-based organizations, such as Food Literacy Project, Inc. (FLP), focused on cultivating food justice through increasing access to healthy foods in under-resourced areas are uniquely positioned to positively affect the nutrition landscape. This article reports on an evaluation of FLP's efforts in implementing food justice programming.

Trochlear Nerve Decompression by Endoscopic Suboccipital Supracerebellar Infratentorial Approach: A Technical Note: 2-Dimensional Operative Video.

Background And Importance: Superior oblique myokymia (SOM) is a rare, acquired aberration of the innervation of the superior oblique, resulting in episodic monocular contraction of the superior oblique muscle characterized by intermittent rotatory eye movement causing diplopia and oscillopsia. Several treatment modalities have been described to treat SOM, including medication and surgical interventions. There is a paucity of reports describing microvascular decompression (MVD) of the trochlear nerve near the root entry zone for the treatment of a neurovascular conflict.

Successful Treatment of Mycoplasma genitalium Urethritis With High-Dose Tinidazole.

A 30-year-old male patient with symptomatic Mycoplasma genitalium urethritis failed treatment with oral azithromycin, 2-stage doxycycline-moxifloxacin, and minocycline. Molecular testing confirmed the presence of macrolide resistance mutations. Treatment with oral tinidazole 2 g daily for 7 days resulted in clinical and microbiologic cure.

Occupational Exposure to Mercury at an Electronics Waste and Lamp Recycling Facility - Ohio, 2023.

Workers in electronics waste and lamp recycling facilities are at risk of exposure to elemental mercury through inhalation of mercury vapor and mercury-containing dust. Employers at an electronics waste and lamp recycling facility in Ohio that crushes mercury-containing lamps expressed concerns about mercury exposure from work processes and requested a health hazard evaluation by CDC's National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). In April 2023, NIOSH conducted a multidisciplinary investigation to assess elemental and inorganic mercury exposures, including epidemiologic, environmental, and ventilation assessments.

Emerging role of natural killer cells in non-AIDS comorbidities during suppressive antiretroviral therapy.

Purpose Of Review: Despite decades of insights about the role of natural killer (NK) cells in HIV infection, their persistent dysregulation despite antiretroviral therapy (ART) and its pathological consequences have been incompletely delineated. In this review, we highlight recent findings on the immunophenotypic and functional alterations of NK cells during virally suppressed HIV infection and explore their potential impact on promoting non-AIDS related comorbidities among people living with HIV (PLWH).

Recent Findings: Of note are the apparent persistent activated profiles of NK cells and pathophysiological events such as endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in potentially driving NK cell derived inflammation and tissue destruction.