Characterization of craniofacial tissue aging in genetically diverse HET3 male mice with longevity treatment of 17-alpha estradiol.

Objective: The objective of our study was to 1) characterize craniofacial tissue aging in the new, genetically diverse HET3 mouse model; and 2) ascertain whether increased longevity with 17-alpha estradiol (17αE2) treatment in male mice also improved the health of these tissues. The HET3 mice are a four-strain cross preferred and recommended by the National Institute of Aging to identify longevity treatments and test their ability to reduce age-related pathologies. Previous reports demonstrated increased longevity in male, but not female, HET3 mice with 17αE2 administration.

Release of Crystalline Silica Nanoparticles during Engineered Stone Fabrication.

Inhalation exposure to respirable crystalline silica (RCS) during the fabrication of engineered stone-based kitchen countertops has been on the rise in recent years and has become a significant occupational health problem in the United States and globally. Little is known about the presence of nanocrystalline silica (NCS), i.e.

A biochar selection method for remediating heavy metal contaminated mine tailings.

Approximately 390,000 abandoned mines across the US pose considerable, pervasive risks to human and environmental health; world-wide the problem is even greater. Lime, organic materials, and other amendments have been used to decrease metal bioavailability (e.g.

Future Training Pathways in Percutaneous Coronary Interventions: Interventional Critical Care, Complex Coronary Interventions, and Interventional Heart Failure.

While there has been a proliferation of training and practice paradigms in the realm of noncoronary interventions, coronary disease remains the predominant pathology necessitating interventional cardiology expertise. The landscape of coronary disease has also experienced a significant transformation due to rapidly evolving technologies, clinical application of mechanical circulatory support and other device innovations, and increasing acuity and complexity of patients. The modern interventional cardiologist is subject to challenges including decreasing coronary procedural volume, need to maintain clinical and financial productivity, and often also requirements of continued scholastic pursuit.

Cultural Heterogeneity in Americans' Definitions of Racism, Sexism, and Classism: Results from a Mixed-Methods Study.

This sequential mixed-methods study examines how Americans ascribe meanings to the concepts , , and . We first conduct interviews ( = 40) using a symbolic boundaries elicitation approach, gathering examples of scenarios that do and do not "count" as racism, sexism, and classism. We then use these examples as vignettes in a nationally representative survey experiment ( = 2,000).

Evaluation and management of pediatric refractory constipation: Recommendations from the NASPGHAN neurogastroenterology and motility committee.

Refractory constipation (RC) in pediatric patients should be recognized as a distinct condition with long-term impacts on patient and family quality of life. RC requires a more targeted diagnostic evaluation and complex management strategy that may involve management by pediatric neurogastroenterology and motility specialists and multidisciplinary teams including surgeons. Currently, there is a lack of a clear definition, evaluation, and management strategies for RC.

Perceptions and intentions regarding IQOS among current US adults who use cigarettes and/or electronic nicotine delivery systems.

Introduction: IQOS was sold in the US in 2019-2021 and will likely return in 2024. It is important to anticipate IQOS' market penetration; thus, this study examined US adults' prior awareness and perceptions, intentions to try and reactions to an IQOS reduced-risk exposure statement.

Methods: 61 adults from three US cities were recruited to represent four tobacco use subgroups: current cigarette and never electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) use; current cigarette and discontinued ENDS use; current cigarette and ENDS use; and former cigarette use and switched to ENDS.

Risk profiles of common brachial plexus block sites: results from the net-ra registry.

Introduction: Regional anesthesia is frequently used for upper limb surgeries and postoperative pain control. Different approaches to brachial plexus blocks are similarly effective but may differ in the frequency and severity of iatrogenesis. We, therefore, examined large-scale registry data to explore the risks of typical complications among different brachial plexus block sites for regional anesthesia.

Housing stability, employment, and survival behaviors among young mothers experiencing homelessness: A randomized controlled trial of a housing intervention.

The present study examined the efficacy of a comprehensive housing intervention (Ecologically-Based Treatment - temporary housing and supportive services) on the longitudinal co-occurring patterns of housing stability, employment, and survival behaviors among a sample of young mothers experiencing homelessness. Participants were randomly assigned to: (1) temporary housing + supportive services (n = 80), (2) housing-only (n = 80), or (3) services as usual (n = 80). Follow-up assessments were completed at 3-, 6-, 9-, and 12-months post-baseline.

Association of mental health assessment with postoperative outcomes following major surgery in older individuals.

Introduction: Individuals with mental illness are at risk for poor surgical outcomes. Notably, the impact of preoperative assessment and optimization for high-risk surgical procedures remains a relatively understudied and evolving field. We sought to investigate the association between mental health assessment and postoperative outcomes.

User-defined virtual sensors: A new solution to the problem of temporal plus epilepsy sources.

Objective: The most common medically resistant epilepsy (MRE) involves the temporal lobe (TLE), and children designated as temporal plus epilepsy (TLE+) have a five-times increased risk of postoperative surgical failure. This retrospective, blinded, cross-sectional study aimed to correlate visual and computational analyses of magnetoencephalography (MEG) virtual sensor waveforms with surgical outcome and epilepsy classification (TLE and TLE+).

Methods: Patients with MRE who underwent MEG and iEEG monitoring and had at least 1 year of postsurgical follow-up were included in this retrospective analysis.

With big data comes big responsibility: Strategies for utilizing aggregated, standardized, de-identified electronic health record data for research.

Electronic health records (EHRs), though they are maintained and utilized for clinical and billing purposes, may provide a wealth of information for research. Currently, sources are available that offer insight into the health histories of well over a quarter of a billion people. Their use, however, is fraught with hazards, including introduction or reinforcement of biases, clarity of disease definitions, protection of patient privacy, definitions of covariates or confounders, accuracy of medication usage compared with prescriptions, the need to introduce other data sources such as vaccination or death records and the ensuing potential for inaccuracy, duplicative records, and understanding and interpreting the outcomes of data queries.

Recovery From Heroin Addiction: A Qualitative Study.

Objective: Understanding the recovery process from heroin addiction is crucial as nonmedical opioid use persists. This study aims to comprehensively describe the recovery journey, focusing on the experiences and challenges faced by individuals in recovery to inform treatment approaches and support strategies.

Methods: This qualitative study, guided by critical social theory, emphasized balancing power dynamics and fostering equal participation to ensure all voices are heard, challenging traditional hierarchies and promoting inclusivity.

hURAT1 Transgenic Mouse Model for Evaluating Targeted Urate-Lowering Agents.

Background: Urate transporter 1 (URAT1) is a well-known therapeutic target for reducing urate levels in the treatment of hyperuricemia and gout. However, current pharmacological studies have failed to evaluate the efficacy of URAT1 inhibitors in non-primate animal models. We established a human URAT1 (hURAT1) transgenic knock-in (KI) mouse model to assess uricosuric agents' effectiveness and characterize URAT1-caused pathogenesis.

Contributing Factors to the Rise in Adolescent Anxiety and Associated Mental Health Disorders: A Narrative Review of Current Literature.

Background: The prevalence of anxiety among adolescents has seen a notable increase in recent years, becoming a significant public health concern. In fact, anxiety is substantially more prevalent in Generation Z (individuals born between 1997 and 2012) than in any of the past three generations. We aimed to examine what factors contribute to the increased prevalence in teen anxiety and identify points of intervention.

Are interventional radiology techniques ideal for nonpenetrating splenic injury management: Robust statistical analysis of the Trauma Quality Program database.

Background: Splenic artery embolization (SAE) is increasingly favored for adult blunt splenic injury management. We compared SAE to other splenic injury management strategies using robust statistical techniques.

Materials And Methods: Univariate analyses of demographics and outcomes were performed for four patient groups: observation, SAE, splenic surgery, splenic surgery + SAE in the American College of Surgeons Trauma Quality Program (TQIP) database.

Ultrastructural Remodeling of Cardiomyocytes in Postinfarction Myocardium of Rats in the Late Stages of the Disease.

Identifying factors that contribute to the transition to the dilated phase in cardiac ischemia is a critical challenge in heart failure treatment. Currently, no effective therapies exist for this ischemic complication, and the mechanisms driving left ventricular dilatation during chronic post-infarction remodeling remain poorly understood. One potential pathological process leading to ventricular dilatation involves specific compensatory rearrangements in the border zone adjacent to the infarct, which isolates the intact myocardium from inflammation at the scar edge.

Multivariable Analysis of Factors Associated With Intravenous Access First Attempt and Overall Success in Hospitalised Medical-Surgical Adults.

Aims: To determine patient and nursing factors associated with peripheral intravenous access success among hospitalised adults on medical-surgical units.

Design: A prospective, cross-sectional, correlational design was guided by STROBE.

Methods: Within a quaternary care hospital with multiple medical-surgical units, nurses who attempted intravenous access completed case report forms and medical records were reviewed to record 38 factors associated with intravenous access success.