Apixaban to Prevent Covert Infarcts After Cryptogenic Stroke in Patients With Atrial Cardiopathy: A Secondary Analysis of the ARCADIA Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: In the Atrial Cardiopathy and Antithrombotic Drugs in Prevention After Cryptogenic Stroke (ARCADIA) randomized clinical trial, anticoagulation did not prevent recurrent stroke among patients with a recent cryptogenic stroke and atrial cardiopathy. It is unknown whether anticoagulation prevents covert infarcts in this population.

Objective: To test the use of apixaban vs aspirin for prevention of nonlacunar covert infarcts after cryptogenic stroke in patients with atrial cardiopathy.

Fuzzy logic modelling of the pollution pattern of potentially toxic elements and naturally occurring radionuclide materials in quarry sites in Ogun State, Nigeria.

The accumulation pattern of some inorganic pollutants in quarry sites around Ogun State was modeled using a Fuzzy comprehensive assessment (FCA). Potentially toxic elements (PTEs) and naturally occurring radionuclides materials (NORMs) were assessed from soil samples collected from ten quarry sites in three districts (Odeda, Ajebo, and Ijebu Ode) in Ogun State. Three (3) NORMs ( K, U, Th) were assessed using gamma spectrometer with a NaI detector while ten (10) PTEs (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) were determined by digestion method using Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrophotometer.

Seeing Into the Future: Adults' Accuracy Predicting the Vocabulary of Early Symbolic Communicators Who Use Augmentative and Alternative Communication.

Purpose: Vocabulary access is important for individuals who use augmentative and alternative communication (AAC), especially for children in the early stages of language learning. This study sought to understand how accurate speech-language pathologists (SLPs), teachers, and parents are in predicting the vocabulary needed by early symbolic communicators who use AAC in three contexts.

Method: Ten groups, each with a child who used AAC as their primary mode of communication and who was classified as an early symbolic communicator and their parent, teacher, and SLP, participated.

Parent-Adult Child Relationships and Repartnering After Gray Divorce.

Objectives: The rise in gray divorce has catalyzed repartnering in later life. However, the antecedents of older adult repartnering remain poorly understood, particularly the potential role of adult children. A form of ambiguous loss, marital disruption often leads to family boundary ambiguity, thereby weakening family ties.

The Changing pathogenesis of liver cancer in Hawaii over three decades.

Background: Worldwide trends support the increasing contribution of hepatic steatosis on the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study investigates if similar changes are seen in Hawaii, where the incidence of HCC is higher than most of the United States. Methods; This is a retrospective study of 1651 patients diagnosed with HCC (1991-2023) that includes 60-70% of Hawaii's HCC cases.

Integrated care for mental health in epilepsy: A systematic review and meta-synthesis by the International League Against Epilepsy Integrated Mental Health Care Pathways Task Force.

Mental health (MH) comorbidities are prevalent among people with epilepsy (PWE), but many experience challenges accessing care. To address this, suggestions have been made to integrate MH care into epilepsy care settings, yet the current approaches, benefits, and implementation determinants to MH care integration are unclear. This review aims to synthesize existing integrated MH care models for PWE to inform the development and planning of future initiatives.

Proteomic Profiling of Medullary Thyroid Cancer Identifies CAPN1 as a Key Regulator of NF1 and RET Fueled Growth.

Medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) is a frequently metastatic tumor of the thyroid that develops from the malignant transformation of C-cells. These tumors most commonly have activating mutations within the RET or RAS proto-oncogenes. Germline mutations within RET result in C-cell hyperplasia, and cause the MTC pre-disposition disorder, multiple endocrine neoplasia, type 2A (MEN2A).

Accelerated Destruction of Passive Film and Microbial Corrosion of 316L Stainless Steel via Extracellular Electron Transfer.

The dense passive film on 316L stainless steel is the key in its corrosion resistance. Its interactions with an electroactive biofilm are critical in deciphering microbial corrosion. Herein, an in-depth investigation using genetic manipulations and addition of an exogenous electron mediator found that extracellular electron transfer (EET) mediated by the electroactive S.

coordinates the IL-10 inducing activity of .

Unlabelled: The intestine is home to a complex immune system that is engaged in mutualistic interactions with the microbiome that maintain intestinal homeostasis. A variety of immune-derived anti-inflammatory mediators have been uncovered and shown to be critical for maintaining these beneficial immune-microbiome relationships. Notably, the gut microbiome actively invokes the induction of anti-inflammatory pathways that limit the development of microbiome-targeted inflammatory immune responses.

Survival Disparity and the Unique Genomic and Microbiome Profiles of Colon Cancer in Appalachian Kentucky.

Background: Colon cancer is a leading cause of mortality in Appalachian Kentucky. Studies suggest that the microbiome may influence cancer outcomes. We investigate differential gene expression, the tumor microbiome, and the association between the two as potential drivers of disparities in colon cancer outcomes.

Comprehensive Analysis of the Spectrum of Osteoarticular Infections in Children.

Background: Studies of pediatric osteoarticular infections (OAIs) mostly focus on acute hematogenous osteomyelitis (AHO) and acute bacterial arthritis (ABA). A comprehensive descriptive analysis of pediatric OAIs, including subacute, chronic, and non-hematogenous types, is lacking.

Methods: A detailed analysis of all pediatric OAIs was undertaken at two academic centers, Hasbro Children's Hospital, Providence, RI, and Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH.

Impact of Hepatoblastoma on Infectious Complications Following Pediatric Liver Transplantation.

Background: Liver transplantation is the standard therapy for end-stage liver disease in pediatric patients with biliary atresia (BA), congenital and metabolic conditions, and for an unresectable malignant tumor like hepatoblastoma (HB). BA is the leading indication for pediatric liver transplantation, while HB is the most common childhood liver cancer. Despite improved outcomes through advanced surgical techniques and novel immunosuppression, pediatric liver transplantation (pLT) is complicated by post-transplant infections.

Using an Oral Sugar Test to Biologically Validate the Use of a Commercial Enzyme Immunoassay to Measure Salivary Insulin in Western Lowland Gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla).

Noninvasive evaluations of hormones can contribute to the assessment of health and welfare of animals. Variations in insulin levels and sensitivity, for example, have been linked to health concerns in non-human and human primates including insulin resistance, diabetes, and heart disease, the leading cause of death in zoo-housed gorillas. Few published studies have assessed insulin concentrations in western lowland gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla), and all did so using serum.

Face and Content Validity of Tympanostomy Tube Simulator With Variable Canal Size.

Simulators allow junior otolaryngology residents to practice the delicate procedure of pressure equalization tube (PET) insertion. However, most simulators lack the ability to mimic the differing anatomic complexities between patients, such as variable external auditory canal (EAC) size. We developed a novel low-cost, medium-fidelity 3-dimensional-printed PET simulator with different EAC sizes to better reflect procedure complexity.

Ketamine Infusion as an Adjunct to Opioid Analgesia in Pediatric Patients with High-Risk Neuroblastoma Undergoing Treatment with Dinutuximab: Adverse Effects and Safety in a Non-ICU Setting.

Introduction: Anti-GD2 immunotherapy has improved outcomes for children with high-risk neuroblastoma (HRNBL). Dinutuximab promotes complement-mediated reaction against disialoganglioside GD2, which is expressed in peripheral nerves and over-expressed in neuroblastoma. Dinutuximab is associated with ≥grade 3 neuropathic pain.

Transdermal electrophysiological recordings of diet-induced small fiber peripheral neuropathy using a needle electrode array in mice and man.

Background: Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a common complication of diabetes. Proactive treatment options remain limited, which is exacerbated by a lack of sensitive and convenient diagnostics, especially early in disease progression or specifically to assess small fiber neuropathy (SFN), the loss of distal small diameter axons that innervate tissues and organs.

Methods: We designed, fabricated, tested, and validated a first-of-its-kind medical diagnostic device for the functional assessment of transdermal small fiber nerve activity.

The PIKASO trial (Preventing Injured Knees from Osteoarthritis: Severity Outcomes): Rationale and design features for a randomized controlled trial.

Objective: Given the high burden and increasing prevalence of post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA), identifying clinically beneficial strategies to prevent or delay its onset could improve the quality of life of those at high risk of developing the disease.

Methods: Preventing Injured Knees from OsteoArthritis: Severity Outcomes (PIKASO) is a multicenter blinded, parallel, two-arm randomized controlled trial of 512 individuals aged 18-45 years undergoing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). This study is designed to evaluate the efficacy of a 12-month intervention of oral metformin vs.

NSF NeXUS: A New Model for Accessing the Frontiers of Ultrafast Science.

NSF NeXUS is an open-access user facility that enables observation of electron motion with sub-femtosecond time resolution, angstrom spatial resolution, and element-specific spectral resolution.

Sex and race disparities in emergency department patients with chest pain and a detectable or mildly elevated troponin.

Background: Identifying and eliminating health disparities is a public health priority. The goal of this analysis is to determine whether cardiac testing or outcome disparities exist by race or sex in patients with detectable to mildly elevated serum troponin.

Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of the CMR-IMPACT trial that randomized patients with symptoms suggestive of acute coronary syndrome and a detectable or mildly elevated troponin measure from 4 US hospitals to an early invasive angiography or cardiac MRI strategy.

Evolving Landscape of Parkinson's Disease Research: Challenges and Perspectives.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that primarily affects movement. It occurs due to a gradual deficit of dopamine-producing brain cells, particularly in the substantia nigra. The precise etiology of PD is not fully understood, but it likely involves a combination of genetic and environmental factors.

Pericoronary adipose tissue feature analysis in computed tomography calcium score images in comparison to coronary computed tomography angiography.

Purpose: We investigated the feasibility and advantages of using non-contrast CT calcium score (CTCS) images to assess pericoronary adipose tissue (PCAT) and its association with major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). PCAT features from coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) have been shown to be associated with cardiovascular risk but are potentially confounded by iodine. If PCAT in CTCS images can be similarly analyzed, it would avoid this issue and enable its inclusion in formal risk assessment from readily available, low-cost CTCS images.

How Intergenerational Estrangement Matters for Maternal and Adult Children's Health.

Objective: We compare maternal and adult child health outcomes across 1) (i.e., no contact, or low contact and low quality), 2) (i.

Right atrial metastasis after renal cell carcinoma operation: a case report.

Background: Treatment options for patients with high-risk metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (mccRCC) include immune checkpoint inhibitors and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), but clinical manifestations and treatment of these patients are rarely reported because patients with cardiac metastases and abrupt circulatory disorders are very rare and there are no precise guidelines to follow. In this study, we analyzed and discussed the clinical characteristics, related characteristics, pathogenesis and treatment strategies of patients with cardiac metastases of kidney cancer, so as to provide reference for the diagnosis and treatment of cardiac metastatic tumors.

Case Description: The patient was diagnosed with renal cell carcinoma and underwent surgical radical resection, no special treatment was performed after surgery.

FOXR2 in cancer development: emerging player and therapeutic opportunities.

Cancer, a leading cause of global mortality, remains a significant challenge to increasing life expectancy worldwide. Forkhead Box R2 (FOXR2), identified as an oncogene within the FOX gene family, plays a crucial role in developing various endoderm-derived organs. Recent studies have elucidated FOXR2-related pathways and their involvement in both tumor and non-tumor diseases.