Factors Associated with Pediatric Drowning-Associated Lung Injury.

Objective: To identify risk factors for clinically-important drowning-associated lung injury (ciDALI) in children.

Study Design: This was a cross-sectional study of children (0 through18 years) who presented to 32 pediatric emergency departments (EDs) from 2010 through 2017. We reviewed demographics, comorbidities, prehospital data, chest radiographs reports, and ED course from emergency medical services, medical, and fatality records.

The impact of training intervention on levels of indicator bacteria and prevalence of selected pathogens in raw milk from smallholder women dairy farmers in Central Ethiopia.

Contamination of milk is a serious public health risk, particularly in developing countries such as Ethiopia. Training is a tool for improving the quality and safety of milk. However, its effect on the microbial quality and safety of milk has not been well documented.

Developing photoactivated artificial enzymes for sustainable fuel production.

Enzymes catalyze molecular reactions with remarkable efficiency and selectivity under mild conditions. Photoactivated enzymes make use of a light-absorbing chromophore to drive chemical transformations, ideally using sunlight as an energy source. The direct attachment of a chromophore to native enzymes is advantageous, as information on the underlying catalytic mechanisms can be obtained.

Acute Decompensated Valvular Disease in the Intensive Care Unit.

Acute decompensated valvular disease encompasses a group of complex and challenging conditions, which are often the primary reason for admission to the cardiac intensive care unit and can also complicate the management of other primary cardiac disorders. Critically ill patients with valvular disease also present unique diagnostic and management challenges. Historically, medical and percutaneous interventional therapies have been limited and surgery was the only definitive treatment; however, surgical risk can at times be prohibitive.

Three-dimensional models: from cell culture to Patient-Derived Organoid and its application to future liposarcoma research.

Liposarcoma is one of the most common soft tissue sarcomas, however, its occurrence rate is still rare compared to other cancers. Due to its rarity, experiments are an essential approach to elucidate liposarcoma pathobiology. Conventional cell culture-based research (2D cell culture) is still playing a pivotal role, while several shortcomings have been recently under discussion.

Identifying Promising Immunomodulators for Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) and Islet Transplantation.

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune chronic disorder that damages beta cells in the pancreatic islets of Langerhans and results in hyperglycemia due to the loss of insulin. Exogenous insulin therapy can save lives but does not stop disease progression. Thus, an effective therapy may require beta cell restoration and suppression of the autoimmune response.

Investigating Additional Cochlear Parameters: A follow-up systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: The movement towards personalization of cochlear implantation has continued to generate interest about variabilities in cochlear size. In a recent meta-analysis, Atalay et al. (2022) examined organ of corti length, cochlear lateral wall, and "A" value and found that most covariates, other than congenital sensorineural hearing loss, did not impact cochlear size via these measurements.

Pulmonary Embolism: Webcast June 13 2024.

This 61-minute webcast features a conversation about "Pulmonary Embolism"-the focus of Issue 20.3. Hosted by the issue's editors, the discussion engages the authors on emerging themes and lessons learned while researching and writing the articles.

Cardiac Recovery: Webcast September 24 2024.

This 61-minute webcast features a conversation about "Cardiac Recovery"-the focus of Issue 20.4. Led by the issue's editors, the discussion engages the authors on emerging themes and lessons learned while researching and writing the articles.

Women and the Heart: Webcast April 16 2024.

This 62-minute webcast features a conversation about "Women and the Heart: Gender-Related Differences in Cardiovascular Care"-the focus of Issue 20.2. Led by the issue's editor, the discussion engages the authors on emerging themes and lessons learned while researching and writing the articles.

Reducing Sedation for Pediatric Thoracic CT Imaging Using Volumetric Target-mode EKG Gating.

Introduction: Many children require sedation for imaging. We aimed to reduce sedation for thoracic (chest and cardiac) computed tomography (CT) scans in children 0-4 years old from 65% to 20% by December 2018 and to sustain.

Methods: We counted baseline, intervention, and a follow-up period thoracic CT scans performed with sedation in children 0-4 years old.

Genome Sequence of the Bacteriophage Eugenia.

We report the discovery and genome sequence of mycobacteriophage Eugenia, isolated from soil samples collected in Akron, OH. Eugenia is a double-stranded DNA virus with a genome size of 69,139 bp, featuring 104 predicted protein-encoding genes, with 32 of these genes assigned putative functions.

Development of a Body of Knowledge for the Clinical Bioinformatician: Perspectives from the Association for Molecular Pathology's Clinical Genomics Bioinformatician Body of Knowledge Steering Committee.

The use of next-generation sequencing and other high-throughput technologies in the clinical molecular diagnostics laboratory requires the application of bioinformatics pipelines and other computational tools to analyze, visualize, and store these clinical data. Clinical bioinformaticians, individuals with the skills to develop, validate, and deploy these tools in a clinical setting, are needed to ensure that these molecular diagnostic technologies can be appropriately used for clinical care. Building on existing expertise in informatics, next-generation sequencing, and clinical molecular diagnostics, the Association for Molecular Pathology has generated a series to establish an initial clinical bioinformatician body of knowledge.

Patterns of Recurrence Following Radiation and ADT for Pathologic Lymph Node-Positive Prostate Cancer: A Multi-institutional Study.

Purpose: We evaluate prognostic factors and patterns of recurrence in patients who received RT ± androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for pathologic node-positive (pN1) prostate cancer (PCa) in a multi-institutional cohort.

Methods And Materials: Data from patients with pN1 PCa and received RT with short-term (ST, ≤6 mo) or long-term (LT, >6 mo) ADT were obtained from 4 academic institutions. Biochemical progression-free survival (bPFS) and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) were evaluated.

The Feasibility of Personalized Endpoints in Assessing Treatment Outcomes in Rare Disease: A Pilot Study of Goal Attainment Scaling in SCN2A-Associated Developmental Epileptic Encephalopathy.

Objectives: For individuals living with rare neurodevelopmental disorders, especially those who are at the most severe end of the spectrum, standardized outcome measures may lack the sensitivity to capture small but meaningful changes. Personalized endpoints such as Goal Attainment Scaling (GAS) allow the assessment of treatment response across variable baseline states and disease manifestations and thus provide a highly sensitive measure of efficacy. The current study tested the feasibility of using GAS in rare SCN2A-associated developmental and epileptic encephalopathy (SCN2A-DEE).

Resazurin dye is an in vivo sensor of kidney tubular function.

Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is the main functional index of kidney health and disease. Currently, no methods are available to directly measure tubular mass and function. Here, we report a serendipitous finding that the in vitro cell viability dye resazurin can be used in mice as an exogenous sensor of tubular function.

Association of Obesity on Rates of Multiglandular Disease in Primary Hyperparathyroidism: A Cohort Study.

Introduction: Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is more prevalent in populations with obesity. Obesity-related vitamin D deficiency may affect rates of multigland parathyroid disease, but this relationship is less clear. We aimed to assess the relationship between obesity and the rate of multigland disease in patients with PHPT.

Comparative Outcomes of a Cognitive-Behavioral Skills Building Program on the Mental Health and Healthy Behaviors of Prenursing Students.

Background: Nursing students experience significantly more stress related diseases when compared to non-nursing students, and the state of their mental health can result in short-term increased attrition rates and increased nursing shortages.

Purpose: A preexperimental pre-post study design was used to examine mental health and healthy behaviors among prenursing students.

Methods: Cohorts received the MINDSTRONG© program either in-person or virtually.

The Validity and Usability of Markerless Motion Capture and Inertial Measurement Units for Quantifying Dynamic Movements.

Purpose: Motion capture technology is quickly evolving providing researchers, clinicians, and coaches with more access to biomechanics data. Markerless motion capture and inertial measurement units (IMUs) are continually developing biomechanics tools that need validation for dynamic movements before widespread use in applied settings. This study evaluated the validity of a markerless motion capture, IMU, and red, green, blue, and depth (RGBD) camera system as compared to marker-based motion capture during countermovement jumps, overhead squats, lunges, and runs with cuts.

Perioperative Benzodiazepine Exposure Impacts Risk of New Persistent Benzodiazepine Use Among Patients with Cancer.

Background: Benzodiazepines are the third most misused medication, with many patients having their first exposure during a surgical episode. We sought to characterize factors associated with new persistent benzodiazepine use (NPBU) among patients undergoing cancer surgery.

Patients And Methods: Patients who underwent cancer surgery between 2013 and 2021 were identified using the IBM-MarketScan database.