Geometric phase predicts locomotion performance in undulating living systems across scales.

Self-propelling organisms locomote via generation of patterns of self-deformation. Despite the diversity of body plans, internal actuation schemes and environments in limbless vertebrates and invertebrates, such organisms often use similar traveling waves of axial body bending for movement. Delineating how self-deformation parameters lead to locomotor performance (e.

Assembly of FAP93 at the proximal axoneme in Chlamydomonas cilia.

To identify proteins specific to the proximal ciliary axoneme, we used iTRAQ to compare short (~2 μm) and full-length (~11 μm) axonemes of Chlamydomonas. Known components of the proximal axoneme such as minor dynein heavy chains and LF5 kinase as well as the ciliary tip proteins FAP256 (CEP104) and EB1 were enriched in short axonemes whereas proteins present along the length of the axoneme were of similar abundance in both samples. The iTRAQ analysis revealed that FAP93, a protein of unknown function, and protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) are enriched in the short axonemes.

Prosocial motives underlie scientific censorship by scientists: A perspective and research agenda.

Science is among humanity's greatest achievements, yet scientific censorship is rarely studied empirically. We explore the social, psychological, and institutional causes and consequences of scientific censorship (defined as actions aimed at obstructing particular scientific ideas from reaching an audience for reasons other than low scientific quality). Popular narratives suggest that scientific censorship is driven by authoritarian officials with dark motives, such as dogmatism and intolerance.

SPR-1/CoREST facilitates the maternal epigenetic reprogramming of the histone demethylase SPR-5/LSD1.

Maternal reprogramming of histone methylation is critical for reestablishing totipotency in the zygote, but how histone-modifying enzymes are regulated during maternal reprogramming is not well characterized. To address this gap, we asked whether maternal reprogramming by the H3K4me1/2 demethylase SPR-5/LSD1/KDM1A, is regulated by the chromatin co-repressor protein, SPR-1/CoREST, in Caenorhabditis elegans and mice. In C.

Energy Harvesting by Mesoporous Reduced Graphene Oxide Enhanced the Mediator-Free Glucose-Powered Enzymatic Biofuel Cell for Biomedical Applications.

Harnessing electrochemical energy in an engineered electrical circuit from biochemical substrates in the human body using biofuel cells is gaining increasing research attention in the current decade due to the wide range of biomedical possibilities it creates for electronic devices. In this report, we describe and characterize the construction of just such an enzymatic biofuel cell (EBFC). It is simple, mediator-free, and glucose-powered, employing only biocompatible materials.

ARMC2/PF27 is an obligate cargo adapter for intraflagellar transport of radial spokes.

Intraflagellar transport (IFT) carries proteins into flagella but how IFT trains interact with the large number of diverse proteins required to assemble flagella remains largely unknown. Here, we show that IFT of radial spokes in requires ARMC2/PF27, a conserved armadillo repeat protein associated with male infertility and reduced lung function. ARMC2 was highly enriched in growing flagella and tagged ARMC2 and the spoke protein RSP3 co-migrated on anterograde trains.

Perceived Racial/Ethnic Discrimination, Physical and Mental Health Conditions in Childhood, and the Relative Role of Other Adverse Experiences.

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are associated with poor health. Childhood experiences of racial/ethnic discrimination and other forms of racism may underlie or exacerbate other ACEs. We explored health-related associations with perceived racial/ethnic discrimination relative to other ACEs, using data from 2016-2019 National Survey of Children's Health, an annual cross-sectional, nationally representative survey.

Image Framing, Emoticons, and Sharing Intention for Health-Related Posts on Facebook.

In response to calls for greater integration of research on the effects of visual images in the emotional and cognitive processing of health-related posts on Facebook, this study examined the questions of how gain-and-loss framed images, the valence of emoticon responses, and level of personal relevance of health topics contribute toward intentional engagement (e.g., sharing the posts) on Facebook.

Impact of Different Mixing Methods on the Performance of Suspension-Based Transdermal Delivery Systems.

Suspension-based matrix transdermal delivery systems (TDSs) are specialized systems that maintain a continuous driving force for drug delivery over prolonged wear. The pressure-sensitive adhesive (PSA) is the most critical constituent of such systems. Our study aimed to determine the effect of different mixing methods on the performance of silicone PSA-based suspension TDSs.

Mechanochemical Release of N-Heterocyclic Carbenes from Flex-Activated Mechanophores.

We have discovered a new flex-activated mechanophore that releases an N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) under mechanical load. The mechanophore design is based upon NHC-carbodiimide (NHC-CDI) adducts and demonstrates an important first step toward flex-activated designs capable of further downstream reactivities. Since the flex-activation is non-destructive to the main polymer chains, the material can be subjected to multiple compression cycles to achieve iterative increases in the activation percentage of mechanophores.

Better educational signage could reduce disturbance of resting dolphins.

Spinner dolphins on Hawai'i Island's west coast (Stenella longirostris longirostris) rest by day in protected bays that are increasingly popular for recreation. Because more frequent interactions of people with these dolphins is likely to reduce rest for dolphins and to explain recent decline in dolphin abundance, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) proposed stricter rules regarding interactions with spinner dolphins near the main Hawaiian Islands and plans to increase enforcement. Simultaneous investment in public education about both interaction rules and their biological rationale has been and is likely to be relatively low.

An Ion-Pairing Approach to Stereoselective Metal-Free Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization.

Stereochemistry can have a profound impact on polymer and materials properties. Unfortunately, straightforward methods for realizing high levels of stereocontrolled polymerizations are often challenging to achieve. In a departure from traditional metal-mediated ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP), we discovered a remarkably simple method for controlling alkene stereochemistry in photoredox mediated metal-free ROMP.

Parental Antecedents of Locus of Control of Reinforcement: A Qualitative Review.

The construct of locus of control of reinforcement has generated thousands of studies since its introduction as a psychological concept by Julian Rotter (1966). Although evidence indicates its importance for a wide range of outcomes, comparatively little research has been directed toward identification of potential developmental antecedents of internal/external expectancies. A previous review of antecedent findings (Carton and Nowicki, 1994) called for more research to be completed, particularly using observational and/or longitudinal methodologies.

The Impact of Referral Source on Voice Therapy.

Introduction: Adherence to voice therapy is essential in achieving successful voice outcomes. Previous studies within the field of voice therapy have suggested that shorter wait times and utilization of an interprofessional practice (IPP) model of care have a positive effect on voice therapy completion rates. While the implementation of IPP has gained popularity, especially at academic voice centers, the majority of speech-language pathologists (SLP) practice in a traditional (T) setting where they are unaffiliated with the referring otolaryngologist.

establishes germline versus soma by balancing inherited histone methylation.

Formation of a zygote is coupled with extensive epigenetic reprogramming to enable appropriate inheritance of histone methylation and prevent developmental delays. In , this reprogramming is mediated by the H3K4me2 demethylase SPR-5 and the H3K9 methyltransferase, MET-2. In contrast, the H3K36 methyltransferase MES-4 maintains H3K36me2/3 at germline genes between generations to facilitate re-establishment of the germline.

Effect of Elevated Ambient Temperature on Simulator-Derived Oscillometric Blood Pressure Measurement.

Background: Oscillometric blood pressure (BP) devices are typically labeled for use up to 40 °C. Many geographic regions have ambient temperatures exceeding 40 °C. We assessed the effect of increased ambient temperature (40-55 °C) on simulator-derived oscillometric BP measurement.

Site-Specific Tryptophan Labels Reveal Local Microsecond-Millisecond Motions of Dihydrofolate Reductase.

Many enzymes are known to change conformations during their catalytic cycle, but the role of these protein motions is not well understood. dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) is a small, flexible enzyme that is often used as a model system for understanding enzyme dynamics. Recently, native tryptophan fluorescence was used as a probe to study micro- to millisecond dynamics of DHFR.

Spread externalities and the implications of heterogeneous ecological capacity constraints.

We develop a spatial-dynamic model of resource management in the presence of externalities, such as the spread of harmful invasive species, and show that ecological capacity constraints influence optimal management strategies across space. We use integer-programming methods to solve for optimal control strategies in both homogeneous and heterogeneous landscapes. Using the spread of gypsy moths as an application, our results show that optimal levels of control vary over space in landscapes with heterogeneous capacity constraints.

Early Brain Injury and Adaptive Functioning in Middle Childhood: The Mediating Role of Pragmatic Language.

Objective: Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) often adversely affect adaptive functioning (AF). However, the cognitive mechanisms by which AF is disrupted are not well understood in young children who sustain TBI. This study examined pragmatic language (PL) and executive functioning (EF) as potential mechanisms for AF disruption in children with early, predominantly mild-complicated, TBI.

Electrochemical C-H bond activation cationic iridium hydride pincer complexes.

A C-H bond activation strategy based on electrochemical activation of a metal hydride is introduced. Electrochemical oxidation of ( PCP)IrH ( PCP is [1,3-( BuPCH)-CH]) in the presence of pyridine derivatives generates cationic Ir hydride complexes of the type [( PCP)IrH(L)] (where L = pyridine, 2,6-lutidine, or 2-phenylpyridine). Facile deprotonation of [( PCP)IrH(2,6-lutidine)] with the phosphazene base -butylimino-tris(pyrrolidino)phosphorane, BuP(pyrr), results in selective C-H activation of 1,2-difluorobenzene (1,2-DFB) solvent to generate ( PCP)Ir(H)(2,3-CFH).

Effect of Omega-3 Supplementation in Patients With Smell Dysfunction Following Endoscopic Sellar and Parasellar Tumor Resection: A Multicenter Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Endoscopic endonasal approaches pose the potential risk of olfactory loss. Loss of olfaction and potentially taste can be permanent and greatly affect patients' quality of life. Treatments for olfactory loss have had limited success.

Is it all in the details? Description content and false recognition errors.

In three experiments, we examined the effect of embellished content on memory errors for thematically related items as well as whether an encoding manipulation, specifically instructions to visualize content, further affects those errors. Using a modified Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) paradigm, participants listened to subsets of DRM items embedded within scene descriptions. Some descriptions embellished item connections, weaving them into cohesive scenes.