Evaluation of Cellular Toxicity and Preclinical Safety of Using an Inhalable Liposomal form of Dexamethasone.

A liposomal form of dexamethasone was obtained. Liposomal vesicles were formed. The efficiency of incorporating dexamethasone into the liposomes was 99.

The fluorescent immunocytochemical diagnostics of precancerous diseases and cancer of the oral mucosa.

Purpose of the study improving the diagnosis of precancerous diseases and cancer of the oral mucosa using fluorescent immunocytochemical studies by direct immunofluorescence. A clinical laboratory examination of 111 patients was carried out: 46 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral mucosa, 35 people with precancerous lesions (17 leukoplakia, 18 - oral lichen planus) and 30 healthy people. All patients underwent a traditional cytological examination and an additional immunocytochemical examination by direct immunofluorescence, the expression levels of tumor markers P53, P16 and Ki67 were determined.

COMPARISON OF THE METHODS OF SUTURING AND RESECTION OF MENISCUS TEAR IN COMBINATION WITH ACL RECONSTRUCTION.

Aim - in patients with knee meniscus injury, compare the therapeutic effectiveness of the use of meniscus suturing with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) surgery with meniscus resection in combination with anterior cruciate ligament surgery to improve the treatment of such pathologies. The study examined patients (n=66) with knee meniscus injury who received surgical treatment in the traumatology department of the State Budgetary Healthcare Institution of the Moscow region "City Clinical Hospital № 12 of the Moscow City Health Department". The patients were randomized by gender, age, clinical, biochemical and instrumental data and divided into 2 groups.

Effects of Polyphenol Compounds and Nitrogen Oxide Donors on Lipid Oxidation, Membrane-Skeletal Proteins, and Erythrocyte Structure under Hypoxia.

This study shows that membrane-associated cytoskeletal protein structures and the erythrocyte morphology undergo profound changes during hypoxia. Hypoxia also intensified oxidative processes in the lipid phase of the bilayer of red blood cell membranes. Sodium nitroprusside impaired the morphology of red blood cells and altered quantitative and qualitative composition of membrane-skeletal proteins.

Betulin-3,28-diphosphate. Physico-Chemical Properties and In Vitro Biological Activity Experiments.

Betulin-3,28-diphosphate (BDP) obtained by phosphorylation of betulin using POCl₃ has two main structural forms-BDP-1 and BDP-2-which differ in ethanol solubility, melting point, FTIR spectra, thermoanalytical characteristics and biological activity. Betulin-3,28-diphosphate and its sodium salt (Na-BDP) were characterized using C and P-NMR spectra, powder XRD experiments, as well as differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TG) methods. The exo-effects at 193 ± 8 °C for ethanol soluble BDP-1 samples (-19.

Betulin-3,28-diphosphate as a Component of Combination Cytostatic Drugs for the Treatment of Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma In Vitro and In Vivo Experiments.

The activity of betulin-3,28-diphosphate (BDP) in combination with the cytostatics such as 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and hydrazine sulfate (HS) was demonstrated by using the transplanted Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) in mice. The dose-dependent effect of combination drugs BDP + HS and BDP + 5-FU was revealed by in vitro experiments on rats. The synergetic effect of HS and BDP on oxidative stress and energy metabolism was established.

[Increase of reparative potential of fabrics in sugar diabetes].

Aim: The purpose of the study was to study the effectiveness of the domestic drug Remaxol in reparative processes of laparotomic wound tissues in acute surgical abdominal pathology in patients with diabetes mellitus.

Material And Methods: Clinical and laboratory studies were performed in 86 patients with acute surgical pathology of the abdominal cavity, 56 patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus, including 26 patients who received Remaxol in the early postoperative period (daily intravenous infusions of 400.0 ml for 5 days).

[Prognostic criteria of efficacy of programmed laparoscopic sanitation of the abdominal cavity in peritonitis].

Aim: To define prognostic criteria of efficacy of programmed laparoscopic sanitation of the abdominal cavity in peritonitis.

Material And Methods: There were 32 patients after programmed laparoscopic sanitation of abdominal cavity for peritonitis due to different acute surgical diseases. Subsequently 12 of them required relaparotomy due to poor effectiveness of laparoscopic sanitation.

[Enteral distress syndrome in surgery: definition, pathogenesis, diagnosis].

It was performed a comprehensive experimental and clinical study of functional and metabolic status of the intestine in acute peritonitis, pancreatic necrosis, acute intestinal obstruction. We obtained objective data of impaired barrier function based on levels of toxins in arterial and mesenteric venous blood. Association of organ and organismic homeostatic changes was revealed.

Changes in phospholipid composition of the spinal cord in rabbits with allergic encephalomyelitis as an experimental model of multiple sclerosis.

Qualitative and quantitative composition of phospholipids in different compartments of the spinal cord was studied in normal rabbits and in experimental model of multiple sclerosis. The content of initial and final LPO products in compartments of the rabbit spinal cord was studied during different stages of the disease. The emergence of quantitative changes in the phospholipid composition depended on the form of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis and compartment of the spinal cord.

Antiischemic activity of new domestic antioxidant 3-hydroxypyridine etoxidol derivative.

Experiments on rats with myocardium infarction showed that intravenous administration of etoxidol in a dose of 14.2 mg/kg restricted the size of necrosis area and reduced the ratio of necrosis/ischemia zones. The test compound reduced the risk of rhythm and conduction disturbances induced by administration of toxic epinephrine doses to the mice, and increased mouse survival.

Efficiency of structurally different antioxidants in combined myocardial damage in mice.

Cardioprotective effects of derivatives of 3-hydroxypyridine, benzimidazole, and a peptide substance were studied on the model of combined damage to the myocardium (catecholamines and physical exercises) in mice. The most pronounced antioxidant and cardioprotective effects were produced by 3-hydroxypyridine acetylcysteinate (50 mg/kg), benzimidazole derivative Be-2m (50 mg/kg), and peptide substance γ-glutamyl histamine (1 mg/kg).

Melatonin and metformin inhibit skin carcinogenesis and lipid peroxidation induced by benz(a)pyrene in female mice.

Outbred female SHR mice (n=200) were divided at random into 4 groups, 50 per group. Benz(a)pyrene solution in acetone was applied onto a skin site on the back during 26 weeks. In parallel, the animals received melatonin, metformin, or both.

The use of emoxipin for correction of cyclophosphamide cytotoxicity in experimental animals.

In experiments on animals with Lewis lung carcinoma, emoxipin decreased hematotoxicity of cyclophosphamide without reducing its antitumor efficiency (effect on primary tumor node). Combined administration of emoxipin and cyclophosphamide more effectively prevented the development of metastases compared to cytostatic monotherapy.

Neuroprotective activity of mexidole and 3-hydroxypyridine acetylcysteinate against the background of cerebral ischemia in the complex of experimental diabetes mellitus and exogenous hypercholesterolemia.

We studied the interaction of mexidol and 3-hydroxypyridine acetylcysteinate on the model of experimental ischemic stroke in rats. The preparations were effective in a dose 50 mg/kg (10-day treatment): they reduced the incidence of neurological disturbances (pareses, sensitivity disturbances) and improved antioxidant defense of the plasma.

Effect of compound LBK-149 on antiarrhythmic activity of lidocaine in rats with arrhythmias and disturbances in lipid and carbohydrate metabolism.

Antiarrhythmic activity of lidocaine during early occlusion and reperfusion arrhythmias decreased in rats with experimental disturbances in lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. The course of additional treatment with compound LBK-149 potentiated antiarrhythmic activity of lidocaine.

Lipid composition of rat somatic nerves under the effect of damaging factors.

Ligation of the sciatic nerve in rats led to reversible decrease in excitability and changes in lipid composition of myelinated nerve fiber: increase in the content of lysophosphatidylcholine, lysophosphatidylethanolamine, and free fatty acids and phospholipase A2 activity. Xymedon and laminin accelerate nerve regeneration and restore its lipid composition.

Study of changes in diacylglycerol content on nerve excitation.

Rhythmic excitation of a rabbit myelin nerve increased diacylglycerol (DAG) content from 1.53 to 2.17 microg/mg lipids.

Effect of hydrogen peroxide on ejection of cell nucleus from pigeon erythrocytes and state of membrane lipids.

The nuclei are ejected from the pigeon erythrocytes and apoptotic vesicles form in these cells in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. Hydrogen peroxide intensifies LPO processes and changes phospholipid content. The relative content of phosphatidylcholine, sphingomyelin, and phosphatidylserine decreased, while that of phosphatidylethanolamine and lisophosphatidylcholine increased.

Lipid spectrum in fractions of liver cell chromatin from mice after partial hepatectomy.

The qualitative and quantitative differences in lipids composition were found in chromatin fractions differing by attachment to the nuclear matrix and transcriptional activity. During liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy Changes in the lipid spectrum of chromatin fractions in G1- and S-phases are associated with transcriptional activity and their primary involvement in replication.

Membrane mechanisms of antiarrhythmic effect of quaternidine.

Complex electrophysiological study of the effects of quaternidine carried out on intact hearts from cats, myocardial fragments from rats, and single ionic channels of large edible snail showed that quaternidine demonstrates properties of class 1B antiarrhythmic drug according to Vaughan-Williams nomenclature. This agent did not suppress nomotopic pacemaker automaticity, did not change conduction in ventricles, atria, and atrioventricular junction in hearts with preserved sinus rhythm, did not prolong refractoriness of the atria and atrioventricular junction, but prolonged efficient refractory period of heart ventricles. Quaternidine decelerated rapid depolarization of the action potential, but had no effect on its duration.

Extracellular oxidases of the lignin-degrading fungus Panus tigrinus.

Two extracellular oxidases (laccases) were isolated from the extracellular fluid of the fungus Panus (Lentinus) tigrinus cultivated in low-nitrogen medium supplemented with birch sawdust. The enzymes were purified by successive chromatography on columns with TEAE-cellulose and DEAE-Toyopearl 650M. Both oxidases catalyze oxidation of pyrocatechol and ABTS.

Effects of phosphoinositide cycle modifiers on apoptosis of peritoneal macrophages.

Hydrogen peroxide stimulates apoptosis of zymosan-activated rat peritoneal macrophages. Phosphoinositide cycle modifiers enhance the proapoptotic effect of H(2)O(2) in a concentration of 1 mM and necrosis-stimulating effect of H(2)O(2) in a concentration of 10 mM. Disorders in phosphoinositide metabolism and impaired reaction of the cell to proinflammatory agents are the cause of programmed cell death.

Identification of exocytosis mediator proteins in peripheral blood neutrophils of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia.

We demonstrated expression of plasma membrane proteins (syntaxin-4 and syntaxin-6) and specific/gelatinase granule membrane proteins (SNAP-25 and VAMP-2) in the peripheral blood neutrophils of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia. VAMP-1 associated with membranes of azurophilic and specific/gelatinase granules was absent in peripheral blood neutrophils of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia. Decreased capacity of neutrophils to exocytosis in chronic myeloid leukemia is probably caused by the absence of VAMP-1 in these cells.

[Use of Panus tigrinus fungi for production of pressed materials from cotton plant waste].

Changes in the chemical composition of cotton plant stems used as a substrate for solid-phase cultivation of the fungus Panus tigrinus were studied as well as the effect of these changes on properties of the pressed materials made of these stems. During the first 3 days of growth, the fungus better consumed cellulose; then, the rate of cellulose consumption was comparable with that of lignin. Intensity and pattern of these changes depended on the age of inoculum.