Design, synthesis and antibacterial activity evaluation of ebselen derivatives in NDM-1 producing bacteria.

New Delhi-β-lactamase-1 (NDM-1) is a type of metal-β-lactamase. NDM-1-expressing bacteria can spread rapidly across the globe plasmid transfer, which greatly undermines the clinical efficacy of the carbapenem. Research on NDM-1 inhibitors has attracted extensive attention.

Efficacy and mechanism of gel for musculoskeletal injuries.

Objective: Formulate a gel and test its scientific efficacy for treating musculoskeletal ailments with or without phonophoresis.

Methods: Gel was made from leaf extract (30:70 aqueous-methanolic). A pragmatic, community-based, double-blinded randomized clinical study (IRCT20230202057310N1) was undertaken on 380 pre-diagnosed individuals with 1st and 2nd-grade musculoskeletal injuries, divided into four parallel groups (n = 95 per group): Group I got phonophoresis-applied 10% gel.

Diterpenoids from Euphorbia peplus possessing cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory activities.

Phytochemical investigation into the medium polar fraction of the ethanol extract of Euphorbia peplus led to the identification of 32 diterpenoids with five structural types. Compounds 1-5 and 7-11 are reported for the first time, while the configuration of 6,7-epoxy group of 6 was revised to be β-oriented. Compounds 1-5 feature a rare structural variation of the double bond at Δ migrating to Δ in the tigliane-type diterpenoid family.

Association between anthropometric measurements of chairs and biomechanical variables leading to musculoskeletal problems in students at different government universities of Multan.

Objective: To determine the association between anthropometric measurements of chairs and biomechanical variables leading to musculoskeletal problems in students at different government universities in Multan.

Methods: The cross-sectional study was done on 383 students at different government universities in Multan, Pakistan. There were 23 anthropometric measurements like shoulder height (SH), shoulder breadth (SB), knee height (KH), popliteal height (PH), elbow height sitting (EHS), elbow-fingertip length (EFL), abdominal depth (ABD), buttock-popliteal length (BPL), thigh thickness (TT), forearm width (FW), hip angle (HA), knee angle (KA), cervical flexion (CF), cervical extension (CE), cervical lateral flexion (CLF), cervical rotation (CR), thoracic flexion (TF), thoracic extension (TE), lumber flexion (LF), lumber extension (LE), lumber lateral flexion (LLF), and lumber rotation (LR).

Phytochemical, antioxidant, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory activities of aqueous-methanolic leaf extract of .

Objective: Plant-based natural antioxidants have a wide variety of biological activities with significant therapeutic value. has been used traditionally to treat a variety of ailments in animals and human, but little is defined about its biological or pharmacological effects. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to evaluate phytochemical, antioxidant, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory activities of aqueous-methanolic leaf extract of .

Periosteal distraction for foot preservation contributes to favorable clinical effects and prognosis in a foot ulcer patient with critical limb ischemia after multiple operations.

This paper presents the challenges faced by a patient undergoing limb-sparing treatment due to chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI) complicated with long-standing nonhealing foot ulcer and intense pain. However, after multiple vascular surgeries, the foot wound continued to worsen, which could lead to transfemoral amputation and even death. We report a case of an aged male patient admitted after complaining of "pain and ulceration in his left foot for ten months".

Million-atom molecular dynamics simulations reveal the interfacial interactions and assembly of plant PSII-LHCII supercomplex.

Protein-protein interface interactions dictate efficient excitation energy transfer from light-harvesting antennas to the photosystem II (PSII) core. In this work, we construct a 1.2 million atom-scale model of plant CS-type PSII-LHCII supercomplex and perform microsecond-scale molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to explore the interactions and assembly mechanisms of the sizeable PSII-LHCII supercomplex.

Virtual screening and activity evaluation of human uric acid transporter 1 (hURAT1) inhibitors.

Hyperuricemia is a disease caused by disorder of purine metabolism, mainly due to insufficient renal excretion of uric acid. Urate transporter 1 (URAT1) is the most widely studied target of urate transporters, and used for uric acid (UA) reabsorption. This study used the AlphaFold2 algorithm to predict the structure of URAT1.

Biochemical evaluation and medicinal ability of in hepatic disorders.

Objective: is one of the most valuable medicinal plants used for the treatment of hepatic disorders. It is evident that 500 mg/kg of sodium valproate causes the hepatotoxicity, ototoxicity, gastrotoxicity, bone marrow suppression, and inflammation. This study was designed to explore the medicinal uses of in hepatic disorders.

Guaiane sesquiterpenes from the gorgonian collected in the South China Sea.

Echinoflorine (1), a new dimethylamino-substituted guaipyridine alkaloid with a novel γ-lactone-cyclohepta[]pyridine fused skeleton, and three new guaiane sesquiterpene lactones, echinofloranolides A-C (2-4), together with eight known guaiane sesquiterpenes were isolated from the gorgonian collected in the South China Sea. Their structures were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR, HRESIMS, calculated ECD and DP4+ probability analyses.

Secondary metabolites from marine sponges of the genus : a comprehensive update insight on structural diversity and bioactivity.

As one of the most common marine sponges in tropical and subtropical oceans, the sponges of the genus , have emerged as unique and yet under-investigated pools for discovery of natural products with fabulous molecular diversity and myriad interesting biological activities. The present review highlights the chemical structure and biological activity of 355 compounds that have been isolated and characterized from the members of sponges, over the period of about five decades (from 1971 to November 2021). For a better understanding, these numerous compounds are firstly classified and presented according to their carbon skeleton as well as their biosynthetic origins.

Polymeric nanoparticles based on carboxymethyl chitosan in combination with painless microneedle therapy systems for enhancing transdermal insulin delivery.

Biodegradable nanoparticles (NPs) have been frequently used as insulin transdermal delivery vehicles due to their grand bioavailability, better encapsulation, controlled release and less toxic properties. However, the skin's barrier properties prevent insulin-loaded NP permeation at useful levels. Nowadays, microneedles have been spotlighted as novel transdermal delivery systems due to their advantages such as painlessness, efficient penetration and no hazardous residues.

Synthesis and biological activity study of the retro-isomer of RhTx against TRPV1.

TRPV1 is a ligand-gated ion channel and plays an important role in detecting noxious heat and pain with an unknown mechanism. RhTx from Chinese red-headed centipede activates the TRPV1 channel through the heat activation pathway by binding to the outer pore region, and causes extreme pain. Here, we synthesized RhTx and its retro-isomer RL-RhTx.

[Research progress on Chinese herbal medicine fermentation and profile of active substances derived].

Chinese herbal medicines( CHMs) are a class of preparations made from natural plants that pose health beneficial properties as well as illness prevention functions. Thanks to a panel of salutary features,such as comprehensive immunological enhancement and inhibition of pathogenic bacteria,negligible side-effects,inappreciable drug-resistance,CHMs have been taken as one of the costeffective candidates for antibiotics substitutions. Through probiotics fermentation,the enzymatic hydrolysis of matrixes of CHMs enables easier release of the active ingredient as well as endows less toxicity of the preparations derived.

RNA ligation of very small pseudo nick structures by T4 RNA ligase 2, leading to efficient production of versatile RNA rings.

T4 RNA ligase 2 catalyses two types of reactions: (i) sealing of a nick structure in double-stranded RNA and (ii) connection of two single-stranded RNA strands. In order to obtain comprehensive views on these two types of reactions and widen the application scope of this RNA ligase, we here systematically analysed the connection of single-stranded RNA strands having different secondary structures. It has been found that the ligation is enormously promoted when a stem of only 4-bp or longer is formed in the 3'-OH side of the joining site.

Fungal community analysis in seawater of the Mariana Trench as estimated by Illumina HiSeq.

This study assessed the diversity and distribution of fungal communities in thirteen marine seawater samples from four sites (L1, L3, L4 and L7) of the Mariana Trench, with a depth range of 1000-4000 meters, using Illumine Hiseq sequencing with fungal-specific primers targeting the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the ribosomal rRNA gene. Sedimentary fungal communities showed high diversity with 209 880 reads belonging to 91 operational taxonomic units (OTUs). Of these OTUs, 45 belonged to the Ascomycota, 37 to Basidiomycota, 3 to Chytridiomycota, 1 to Glomeromycota, 1 to Cryptomycota, and 4 to unknown fungi.

Role of the disulfide bond on the structure and activity of μ-conotoxin PIIIA in the inhibition of Na1.4.

μ-Conotoxin PIIIA, a peptide toxin isolated from , blocks the skeletal muscle voltage-gated sodium channel Na1.4 with significant potency. PIIIA has three disulfide bonds, which contribute largely to its highly constrained and stable structure.

The stability and bioaccessibility of fucoxanthin in spray-dried microcapsules based on various biopolymers.

Fucoxanthin is a major marine carotenoid with many biological activities. It is well known that fucoxanthin is unstable to heat and acid due to its polyunsaturated structure. Another defect of fucoxanthin is the low bioavailability and all these drawbacks make it limited in the food industry.

Development of a fluorescence assay for highly sensitive detection of based on an aptamer-carbon dots/graphene oxide system.

An aptamer-based fluorescence assay for culture-independent detection of was developed. This assay was enabled by highly specific aptamers conjugated with photoluminescent carbon dots (CDs) as the fluorescent probe and graphene oxide (GO) as the quencher. Specially, high-throughput sequencing was achieved during systematic evolution of ligands exponential enrichment (SELEX) for accurate recognition of aptamers.

Harzianumnones A and B: two hydroxyanthraquinones from the coral-derived fungus .

Two new hydroxyanthraquinones, harzianumnones A (1) and B (2), together with seven known analogs (3-9), were isolated from the soft coral-derived fungus (XS-20090075). Their chemical structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic investigation. The absolute configurations of 1 and 2 were determined by ECD calculation and single-crystal X-ray diffraction.

Stapling strategy enables improvement of antitumor activity and proteolytic stability of host-defense peptide hymenochirin-1B.

Hymenochirin-1B is a cationic, amphipathic, α-helical host-defense peptide with 29 residues, which was isolated from skin secretions of the Congo clawed frog and showed potent cytotoxic activities against a range of tumor cell lines. However, the application of hymenochirin-1B as a drug is limited due to its conformational flexibility and poor proteolytic stability. In this research, a series of hydrocarbon-stapled analogs of hymenochirin-1B were designed, synthesized, and tested.

Cyclization of secondarily structured oligonucleotides to single-stranded rings by using DNA ligase at high temperatures.

Single-stranded DNA rings play important roles in nanoarchitectures, molecular machines, DNA detection, Although T4 DNA ligase has been widely employed to cyclize single-stranded oligonucleotides into rings, the cyclization efficiency is very low when the oligonucleotides (l-DNAs) take complicated secondary structures at ambient temperatures. In the present study, this problem has been solved by using DNA ligase ( DNA ligase) at higher temperatures (65 and 70 °C) where the secondary structures are less stable or completely destroyed. This method is based on our new finding that this ligase successfully functions even when the splint strand is short and forms no stable duplex with l-DNA (at least in the absence of the enzyme).