Sleep Apnea Events Recognition Based on Polysomnographic Recordings: A Large-Scale Multi-Channel Machine Learning approach.

The gold standard for detecting the presence of apneic events is a time and effort-consuming manual evaluation of type I polysomnographic recordings by experts, often not error-free. Such acquisition protocol requires dedicated facilities resulting in high costs and long waiting lists. The usage of artificial intelligence models assists the clinician's evaluation overcoming the aforementioned limitations and increasing healthcare quality.

Associations of TyG index with coronary heart disease risk and coronary artery sclerosis severity in OSA.

Background: Insulin resistance (IR) is involved in the pathogenesis and progression of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and coronary heart disease (CHD). The triglyceride glucose(TyG) index, an alternative indicator of IR with high reliability, is linked to CHD development and severity. However, the association of TyG index with CHD in OSA cases remains undefined.

Clinical study of two mandibular advancement devices in the treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea: a pilot randomized controlled trial.

Objective: A preliminary clinical evaluation of the efficacy, comfort, and adverse reactions of two mandibular advancement devices (MADs) in the treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA).

Methods: Forty patients with mild-to-severe OSA were recruited and randomly divided into two groups. They were treated with Shark-fin or Silensor MAD, respectively.

Association between physical activity patterns and symptoms of obstructive sleep apnea: a cross-sectional analysis of NHANES data.

Background: With the acceleration of modern life, the "Weekend Warrior" (WW) exercise pattern has become increasingly popular. This study based on data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2007-2008, 2015-2016, and 2017-2020, examines the association between physical activity (PA) patterns and symptoms of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in adults aged 18 and above.

Methods: The analysis included 19,223 adults who provided self-reported data on their PA patterns.

Sequential exploratory mixed-method research of an eHealth intervention on blood pressure, sleep quality and physical activity in obstructive sleep apnoea: rationale and methodology of the Moore4Medical trial protocol.

Introduction: The management of a chronic and frequent pathology, such as obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), requires personalised programmes that implement new technology-based tools to improve the comprehensive treatment of the patient to reduce the morbidity associated with this disease. This study will evaluate the effectiveness of an eHealth tool in managing the pathophysiological consequences of OSA and how they impact the quality of life after 3 months of intervention among adults.

Methods And Analysis: This is a mixed-method sequential exploratory study protocol.

Cerebral oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis induced by intermittent hypoxia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of rodent data.

Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) contributes to cerebrovascular diseases and cognitive decline. Preclinical studies support the deleterious impact on the brain of intermittent hypoxia (IH), one of the main components of OSA, but heterogeneity in rodent species and brain regions studied, or induced by IH paradigms, can challenge interpretation of the studies. Hence, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the impact of IH on rodent brain oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis and the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1).

Is the Otolithic Function Affected in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome?

Background:  While cardiovascular and neurological diseases induced by obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) hypoxia are well established, the association between neuro-otological diseases and OSAS is not entirely understood. Vestibular and audiological tests have been used to evaluate the degeneration of neurons in the brainstem caused by recurrent hypoxia.

Purpose:  Evaluation of the vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (VEMP) test findings applied to detect the possible influence on the vestibular reflex arc due to hypoxia in patients diagnosed with OSAS using Activity-Specific Balance Confidence (ABC) and Berg Balance Scale (BBS) scales determination of scores.

Vomer-to-nasopharyngeal widths and post-adenoidectomy outcomes in children: A prospective blinded study.

Objectives: The vomer is an essential component of the nasopharynx. Although variations in vomer width(VW) and nasopharyngeal width(NW) can be observed, their clinical significance on post-adenoidectomy outcomes in children with sleep-disordered breathing and obstructive sleep apnea(SDB-OSA) remains uncertain. The primary outcome was to investigate the association between VW and post-adenoidectomy clinical improvement.

Association of vertigo with adult obstructive sleep apnea: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Several studies have demonstrated a relationship between vertigo and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in adults. This review examined the association between vertigo and OSA and investigated the effects of OSA treatment on vestibular function.

Methods: Searches were conducted in PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, Scopus, and Web of Science databases.

Assessing the impact of apnea duration on the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea and hearing loss.

Objectives: The relationship between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and hearing loss (HL) remains uncertain. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between OSA and HL, and to identify which factors play a key role.

Methods: A retrospective review was conducted of 90 subjects diagnosed with OSA.

Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonism prevents coronary microvascular dysfunction in intermittent hypoxia independent of blood pressure.

Study Objectives: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), characterized by intermittent hypoxia (IH), and is associated with increased cardiovascular mortality that may not be reduced by standard therapies. Inappropriate activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system occurs in IH, and mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) blockade has been shown to improve vascular outcomes in cardiovascular disease. Thus, we hypothesized that MR inhibition prevents coronary and renal vascular dysfunction in mice exposed to chronic IH.

The deficiencies of epworth sleepiness scale in the evaluation of excessive daytime sleepiness in obstructive sleep apnea and related factors.

Background: Epworth Sleepiness Scale(ESS) is widely used in the assessment of excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) despite certain deficiencies. It was aimed to evaluate the factors associated with low ESS scores in subjects investigated for OSA.

Methods: In this cross sectional study, we recorded the ESS and Pittsburg sleep quality index (PSQI) scores of patients undergoing polysomnography in our sleep center between November 2022-January 2023.

Selective Adipose Cryolysis for Reduction of Lingual Tissue in a Porcine Model.

Objectives: Oropharyngeal fat volume is associated with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) severity. Selective adipose cryolysis may produce cold-induced adipose cell death while sparing surrounding tissues. This study explored (1) similarities in tongue fat between porcine and human models and (2) the feasibility and potential reduction of lingual fat using selective adipose cryolysis.

Unexpected Outcomes: Late Fat Hypertrophy and Obstructive Sleep Apnea Following Fat Grafting to the Posterior Pharynx for Velopharyngeal Insufficiency.

Autologous fat grafting for posterior pharyngeal wall augmentation has been described as a safe and effective treatment option for a subset of patients with mild to moderate velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI). Reported complications including hyponasality and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are exceedingly rare. We describe the development of severe fat graft hypertrophy and subsequent OSA in a series of 3 patients several years after undergoing autologous fat grafting for VPI.

Exploring phenotypes to improve long-term mortality risk stratification in obstructive sleep apnea through a machine learning approach: an observational cohort study.

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a heterogeneous sleep disorder for which the identification of phenotypes might help for risk stratification for long-term mortality. Thus, the aim of the study was to identify distinct phenotypes of OSA and to study the association of phenotypes features with long-term mortality by using machine learning.

Methods: This retrospective study included patients diagnosed with OSA who completed a 15-year follow-up and were adherent to continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy.

The Role of Sleep Apnea in Postoperative Neurocognitive Disorders Among Older Noncardiac Surgery Patients: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea is associated with increased dementia risk, yet its role in postoperative neurocognitive disorders is unclear. Here, we studied whether the severity of untreated obstructive sleep apnea is associated with the severity of postoperative neurocognitive disorder.

Methods: In this single-center prospective cohort study, older noncardiac surgery patients aged 60 years and above underwent preoperative home sleep apnea testing, and pre- and postoperative delirium assessments and cognitive testing.

Screening moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea with wearable device.

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a highly prevalent sleep-related breathing disorder usually diagnosed through polysomnography (PSG). Moderate to severe OSA can significantly increase morbidity and mortality. Existing screening tools have limited accuracy.

Night to night variability in obstructive sleep apnea severity, the physiological endotypes and the frequency of flow limitation.

Study Objectives: There is substantial night-to-night variability (NtNV) in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) severity in some individuals, however predictors for this remain incompletely understood. This study aims to quantify the degree of NtNV in the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), hypoxic burden, airflow limitation, and OSA endotypes; to determine if a relationship exists between the degree of NtNV in AHI and in endotype expression; to assess whether the degree of flow limited breathing is predictive of the degree of NtNV of the AHI.

Methods: 71 patients with OSA underwent two polysomnograms (PSGs).

Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Diagnostic Challenges and Management Strategies.

Pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a prevalent yet often underdiagnosed condition affecting 1-5% of children globally, with higher prevalence in populations such as those with Down syndrome and obesity. Characterized by recurrent upper airway obstruction during sleep, OSA can lead to serious health consequences, including neurocognitive deficits, behavioral issues, and cardiovascular complications. The diagnosis is complicated by symptom overlap with conditions like Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) while polysomnography (PSG) remains the gold standard for diagnosis, access to this test is limited in many regions.

Update on the aetiopathogenesis of obstructive sleep apnea: Role of inflammatory and immune mediated mechanisms.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is often a lifestyle disease associated with obesity, which is rapidly evolving as a major health concern with diverse multisystemic implications. To prevent and mitigate its adverse effects and reduce its burden on society, its aetiopathogeneses must be precisely understood. Numerous studies focusing on the range of diverse anatomic, functional, and lifestyle factors have already been carried out to determine the possible contributory roles of these factors in OSA.

Does Prior Nasal Airway Surgery Impact Hypoglossal Nerve Stimulation for Obstructive Sleep Apnea?

Objective: Nasal surgery can improve patient-reported obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) outcomes as well as adherence with medical device treatments. The aim of this study was to examine whether previous nasal surgery was associated with hypoglossal nerve stimulation (HNS) therapy outcomes.

Study Design: Retrospective observational cohort study was performed utilizing the multicenter international HNS registry (ADHERE).