Local Application of Minimally Manipulated Autologous Stromal Vascular Fraction (SVF) Reduces Inflammation and Improves Bilio-Biliary Anastomosis Integrity.

Bilio-biliary anastomosis (BBA) is a critical surgical procedure that is performed with the objective of restoring bile duct continuity. This procedure is often required in cases where there has been an injury to the extrahepatic bile ducts or during liver transplantation. Despite advances in surgical techniques, the healing of BBA remains a significant challenge, with complications such as stricture formation and leakage affecting patient outcomes.

Population Studies and Molecular Mechanisms of Human Radioadaptive Capabilities: Is It Time to Rethink Radiation Safety Standards?

The evolution of man on Earth took place under conditions of constant exposure to background ionizing radiation (IR). From this point of view, it would be reasonable to hypothesize the existence of adaptive mechanisms that enable the human organism to safely interact with IR at levels approximating long-term natural background levels. In some situations, the successful operation of molecular mechanisms of protection against IR is observed at values significantly exceeding the natural background level, for example, in cancer cells.

Investigation of tritium content in wild plants growing in an area with an underground source of tritium.

Within the framework of the presented work, the results of large-scale studies of the content of TFWT in wild plants growing in an area with an underground source of tritium are presented. Various types of plants were studied: herbaceous, shrubby, woody. The concentration of TFWT in various vegetative organs of the same plants was analyzed separately.

Features of internal absorbed dose microdistribution in biological tissue irradiated by 31SiO2 microparticles compared with dose microdistribution from exposure to 56MnO2 particles.

Radiobiological studies are ongoing to understand the consequences of internal exposure to neutron-activated radioactive microparticles, which were sprayed over experimental rats and mice. Special attention in these experiments is given to internal irradiation with radioactive microparticles with short-lived neutron-activated radionuclides 31Si (T1/2 = 2.62 h) and 56Mn (T1/2 = 2.

Pathologically altered articular cartilage attracts intense chondrocyte invasion into the extracellular matrix: in vitro pilot study.

Background: Due to non-vascularized and aneural structure, articular cartilage has limited self-repairing capacity. The aim of this study was to investigate the revitalization of inflammatory injured articular cartilage matrices by human nasal chondrocytes (hNC).

Materials And Methods: Cartilage matrix was prepared by devitalization of articular cartilage samples obtained intraoperatively from an adult patient undergoing knee joint replacement.

The Study of Effectiveness of Combined Proton-Neutron Irradiation of Tumor Cells In Vitro.

Combined proton-neutron therapy can be the best opportunity for neutron radiation therapy due to highly conformal proton irradiation and high relative biological effectiveness of neutrons. The study compares 4 schemes of sequential in vitro exposure of Chinese hamster fibrosarcoma cells B14-150 to 14.5 MeV neutrons and a scanning beam of protons.

Effectiveness of Stem Cell Therapy for Diabetic Foot Ulcers: Cell Therapy Alone is Not Enough for Effective Management of Chronic Wounds.

We read with great interest the meta-analysis by Mudgal et al. (2024) regarding the effectiveness and safety assessment of stem cell therapy for diabetic foot ulcers. Indeed, The management of chronic wounds requires innovative approaches to avoid unsuccessful outcomes, and stromal cell therapies have emerged as a potential solution for soft tissue repair.

In Vitro and In Vivo Antitumor Activities of Isothiourea and Cinnamic Acid Derivative with NOS/MCT Inhibitory Effect.

This work presents the method of synthesis and physicochemical characterization of isothiourea and cinnamic acid original derivative α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamate 1-cyclohexanoy-l-2-ethylisothiourea (T1114). In studies of the cytotoxic and antitumor activity of T1114, it has been found that the combination in one molecular structure of NOS-inhibitory fragment (1-cyclohexanoyl-2-ethylisothiourea) and a fragment inhibiting monocarboxylate lactate transporters (MCT) (α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid) does not modify the cytotoxic activity of bifunctional NOS/MCT-inhibitor T1114 in vitro. But in vivo inhibition of NOS and MCT is able to realize effects on the tumor microenvironment and hypoxic tumor cells.

On the SRIM prediction of ranges for Ni ions.

An experiment to determine the range of Ni ions in matter consisting in the implantation of nickel ions into samples followed by the determination of the depth profile of the implanted ions by nuclear reaction resonance profiling was performed. The experimentally obtained ranges for Ni ions in Fe and Mo were compared with SRIM-2013 (www.srim.

Cartilage Laser Engraving for Fast-Track Tissue Engineering of Auricular Grafts.

In this study, the optimal engraving parameters were determined through the analysis of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) data, as follows: a laser power density of 5.5 × 10 W/cm, an irradiation rate of 0.1 mm/s, a well radius of 60 μm, a distance between well centers of 200 μm, and a number of passes for each well of 20.

The Role of Mast Cells in the Remodeling Effects of Molecular Hydrogen on the Lung Local Tissue Microenvironment under Simulated Pulmonary Hypertension.

Molecular hydrogen (H) has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-fibrotic effects. In a rat model simulating pulmonary fibrotic changes induced by monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension (MPH), we had previously explored the impact of inhaled H on lung inflammation and blood pressure. In this study, we further focused the biological effects of H on mast cells (MCs) and the parameters of the fibrotic phenotype of the local tissue microenvironment.

[The Russian consensus on the treatment of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma].

The Russian consensus on the treatment of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma was prepared by the group of experts consisting of surgeons, interventional radiologists, radiation therapists and oncologists. The purposes of this consensus are clarification and consolidation of opinions of multidisciplinary team on the following issues of management of patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: indications for surgical treatment, features of therapeutic tactics for mechanical jaundice, technical aspects of liver resection, prevention of post-resection liver failure, indications for liver resection using transplantation technologies, laparoscopic and robot-assisted liver resection, perioperative systemic chemotherapy, local non-resection/non-radiotherapy methods of treatment, radiotherapy, follow-up and choice of treatment for recurrence.

Internal radiation dose estimates in organs of Wistar rats exposed to sprayed neutron-activated 31SiO2 microparticles: first results of international multicenter study.

Neutron-activated 31Si is an almost pure beta emitter and is one of the short-lived radionuclides, including beta-gamma emitter 56Mn, which were created in a form of residual radioactivity in the early period after the atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. The features of the biological effects of internal irradiation by these radionuclides are a subject of scientific discussions and research. The publication presents data on internal radiation doses in experimental Wistar rats that were exposed to sprayed neutron-activated microparticles of 31SiO2.

In Vitro Cytotoxic Potential and In Vivo Antitumor Effects of NOS/PDK-Inhibitor T1084.

Previously, we showed the antitumor activity of the new NOS/PDK inhibitor T1084 (1-isobutanoyl-2-isopropylisothiourea dichloroacetate). The present study included an assessment of in vitro cytotoxicity against human malignant and normal cells according to the MTT-test and in vivo antitumor effects in solid tumor models in comparison with precursor compounds T1023 (NOS inhibitor; 1-isobutanoyl-2-isopropylisothiourea hydrobromide) and Na-DCA (PDK inhibitor; sodium dichloroacetate), using morphological, histological, and immunohistochemical methods. The effects of T1084 and T1023 on the in vitro survival of normal (MRC-5) and most malignant cells (A375, MFC-7, K562, OAW42, and PC-3) were similar and quantitatively equal.

Shedding Light on the Origin of ^{204}Pb, the Heaviest s-Process-Only Isotope in the Solar System.

Asymptotic giant branch stars are responsible for the production of most of the heavy isotopes beyond Sr observed in the solar system. Among them, isotopes shielded from the r-process contribution by their stable isobars are defined as s-only nuclei. For a long time the abundance of ^{204}Pb, the heaviest s-only isotope, has been a topic of debate because state-of-the-art stellar models appeared to systematically underestimate its solar abundance.

Synthetic Amphipathic Helical Peptide L-37pA Ameliorates the Development of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) and ARDS-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis in Mice.

In this study, we evaluated the ability of the synthetic amphipathic helical peptide (SAHP), L-37pA, which mediates pathogen recognition and innate immune responses, to treat acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) accompanied by diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) and chronic pulmonary fibrosis (PF). For the modeling of ARDS/DAD, male ICR mice were used. Intrabronchial instillation (IB) of 200 µL of inflammatory agents was performed by an intravenous catheter 20 G into the left lung lobe only, leaving the right lobe unaffected.