Bone metabolism in children with normal weight and overweight/obesity in a northeastern region of Spain.

Objectives: Bone mass progressively increases to peak during childhood and adolescence, which determines future bone health. Bone formation-resorption processes are assessed using bone markers. However, studies on the impact of obesity on bone turnover markers at this age are limited, and results are inconsistent.

A Machine Learning Method to Identify the Risk Factors for Liver Fibrosis Progression in Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis.

Aim: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a silent epidemy that has become the most common chronic liver disease worldwide. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is an advanced stage of NAFLD, which is linked to a high risk of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The aim of this study is to develop a predictive model to identify the main risk factors associated with the progression of hepatic fibrosis in patients with NASH.

Microbiota dysbiosis caused by dietetic patterns as a promoter of Alzheimer's disease through metabolic syndrome mechanisms.

Microbiota dysbiosis and metabolic syndrome, consequences of a non-adequate diet, generate a feedback pathogenic state implicated in Alzheimer's disease development. The lower production of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) under dysbiosis status leads to lipid homeostasis deregulation and decreases Angptl4 release and AMPK activation in the adipose tissue, promoting higher lipid storage (adipocyte hypertrophy) and cholesterol levels. Also, low SCFA generation reduces GPR41 and GPR43 receptor activation at the adipose tissue (increasing leptin release and leptin receptor resistance) and intestinal levels, reducing the release of GLP-1 and YPP.

Mistakes in the diagnosis and treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection in daily clinical practice.

Background: An adequate diagnostic and therapeutic approach to Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is the cornerstone to avoid overdiagnosis, overuse of health resources, and increase in antibiotic resistances. The aim of the study was to evaluate the most common errors in clinical practice and the associated risk factors.

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in colorectal cancer diagnosis and presentation.

Background And Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic has been associated with a decrease in the colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence, due to the disruption of screening programmes and a downscaling of endoscopic activity. The endpoint of this study is to evaluate if the pandemic has led to a change in CRC diagnostic rate and presentation in our population.

Methods: Multicenter retrospective study of all public hospitals of the Aragon region, attending a population of 1,329,391 inhabitants.

Survival study in early stages of glottis cancer, stratified by treatment.

Introduction: Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the vocal cord in stages I or II can be treated with radiotherapy (RT) or transoral CO laser microsurgery (TLM), with good oncological results.

Objectives: To study the survival of patients with SCC of the vocal cord in early stages, treated with RT or TLM, in a tertiary hospital.

Material And Methods: Disease-free survival (DFS), specific survival (SS), and overall survival (OS) were studied in patients diagnosed with stage I and II SCC of the vocal cord, for a span of 10 years of follow-up, based on sociodemographic characteristics of the patient and the primary treatment (TLM or RT).

Vascular injury during cholecystectomy: A multicenter critical analysis behind the drama.

Background: The management of a vascular injury during cholecystectomy is still very complicated, especially in centers not specialized in complex hepatobiliary surgery.

Methods: This was a multi-institutional retrospective study in patients with vascular injuries during cholecystectomy from 18 centers in 4 countries. The aim of the study was to analyze the management of vascular injuries focusing on referral, time to perform the repair, and different treatments options outcomes.

Machine Learning-Based Analysis in the Management of Iatrogenic Bile Duct Injury During Cholecystectomy: a Nationwide Multicenter Study.

Background: Iatrogenic bile duct injury (IBDI) is a challenging surgical complication. IBDI management can be guided by artificial intelligence models. Our study identified the factors associated with successful initial repair of IBDI and predicted the success of definitive repair based on patient risk levels.

Management of Infection and Effectiveness Rates in Daily Clinical Practice in Spain: 2010-2019.

The management and effectiveness of the treatment of infection are heterogeneous worldwide, despite the publication of international consensus conferences and guidelines, which have been widely available for years. The aim of the study was to describe the clinical management and the eradication rates in a region of Southern Europe (Spain). Between 2010 and 2019, we conducted a retrospective analysis of patients with infection attended by gastroenterologists in two defined areas of the National Health System in Aragón.

The Nurse's Role in Educating Pediatric Patients on Correct Inhaler Technique: An Interventional Study.

The prevalence of pediatric respiratory diseases in Spain is 23%. Inhalation is the preferred route of administration but there are frequent errors in the performance of the inhalation technique leading a poor control of the disease. The aim of this research was to detect errors in the execution of the inhalation technique at a Pediatric Pulmonology Unit in a hospital of Aragón (Spain).

Dental treatment under general anesthesia in mentally disabled patients based on an ambulatory surgery model: A Case-control study.

Background: Mentally disabled patients commonly offer little or no cooperation in dental treatments, and general anesthesia may become necessary in such cases. The present study was to identify the most relevant factors in dental treatment under general anesthesia in disabled patients based on a Major Ambulatory Surgery (MAS) model. The study analyzes anesthetic variables and type of dental procedures carried out for disabled patients compared with controls.

Post-traumatic stress disorder, suggestibility, and dissociation related to alleged alien abductions.

Objectives: Thousands of people throughout the world are convinced that they have been abducted by aliens. We aimed to assess the emotional reaction to such an implausible event and propose some explanations alternative to severe psychopathology.

Methods: A total of 19 individuals who reported memories of having been abducted by aliens were compared to a control group of 32 participants.

Response to Combination of Pembrolizumab and Axitinib in Hereditary Leyomiomatosis and Renal Cell Cancer (HLRCC).

In current clinical guidelines, such as those provided by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN), evidence for treatment is based on a small clinical trial that included patients with HLRCC. They support the use of the combination of erlotinib and bevacizumab as the first therapeutic option in this rare condition. In the present study, we report a rare case of this condition in an 18-year-old male with a family history of kidney cancer whom we successfully treated with surgery and a novel drug treatment modality based on the combination of an immune check-point inhibitor (ICPI) and a tyrosine-kinase inhibitor (TKI) with excellent and promising results.

The association between atopic dermatitis and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D in children: Influence of sun exposure, diet, and atopy features-A cross-sectional study.

Background: Previous studies have linked low serum vitamin D (VD) or 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels with increased severity of atopic dermatitis (AD) in children.

Objective: To investigate the association between serum VD (25(OH)D) levels and AD and AD severity, considering the influence of diet and sun exposure.

Methods: We performed a prospective cross-sectional study of healthy controls and children diagnosed with AD.

Ability of Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography to Detect Retinal and Choroidal Changes in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis.

Purpose: To evaluate the ability of new swept-source (SS) optical coherence tomography (OCT) technology to detect changes in retinal and choroidal thickness in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS).

Methods: A total of 101 healthy and 97 MS eyes underwent retinal and choroidal assessment using SS Triton OCT (Topcon). Macular thickness and peripapillary data (retinal, ganglion cell layer (GCL+, GCL++) and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness) were analyzed, including choroidal thickness evaluation.

Efficacy of topical tranexamic acid within a blood-saving programme for primary total hip arthroplasty: a pragmatic, open-label randomised study.

Background: Total hip arthroplasty entails considerable peri-operative blood loss, which may lead to acute post-operative anaemia and red blood cell transfusion. This study was aimed at assessing whether the addition of topical tranexamic acid to our ongoing blood-saving protocol for total hip arthroplasty was effective and safe.

Materials And Methods: A pragmatic, prospective, open-label randomised study of patients scheduled for total hip arthroplasty at a single centre was conducted.

Characteristics of patients in an eating disorder sample who dropped out: 2-year follow-up.

Objective: This manuscript explores the characteristics of individuals diagnosed with an eating disorder who dropped out of treatment, compared with those who completed it.

Method: The participants were 196 patients diagnosed with eating disorders (according to DSM-IV-TR criteria) who consecutively began treatment for the first time in an eating disorders unit. They were assessed at baseline with a set of questionnaires evaluating eating habits, temperament, and general psychopathology.

Clinical Applications of Dexamethasone for Aged Eyes.

The risk of severe eye problems has been found to increase significantly with age, particularly between the fifth and sixth decades of life. Cataracts, dry eye, neovascular age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy and retinal vein occlusion (RVO) are very common and very different age-related ocular diseases that reduce the patient's quality of life. The rationale for using corticosteroids to treat anterior and posterior ocular segment diseases is driven by inflammation.

Development and application to clinical practice of a validated HPLC method for the analysis of β-glucocerebrosidase in Gaucher disease.

The main objective of our study is to develop a simple, fast and reliable method for measuring β-glucocerebrosidase activity in Gaucher patients leukocytes in clinical practice. This measurement may be a useful marker to drive dose selection and early clinical decision making of enzyme replacement therapy. We measure the enzyme activity by high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection and 4-nitrophenyl-β-d-glucopyranoside as substrate.