COVID-19: Current Status in Gastrointestinal, Hepatic, and Pancreatic Diseases-A Concise Review.

The gastrointestinal tract plays an important role in the pathogenesis of COVID-19. The angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor and the transmembrane protease serine 2 receptor bind and activate SARS-CoV-2 and are present in high concentrations throughout the gastrointestinal tract. Most patients present with gastrointestinal symptoms and/or abnormal liver function tests, both of which have been associated with adverse outcomes.

Nonnormative Eating Behaviors and Eating Disorders and Their Associations With Weight Loss and Quality of Life During 6 Years Following Obesity Surgery.

Importance: Individuals with severe obesity presenting for obesity surgery (OS) frequently show nonnormative eating behaviors (NEBs) and eating disorders (EDs), but the long-term course and prospective associations with weight loss and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) remain unclear.

Objective: To examine the prevalence and prospective relevance of presurgical and postsurgical NEBs and EDs according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, diagnosed through clinical interview, for weight loss and HRQOL up to 6 years following OS.

Design, Setting, And Participants: In the prospective, multicenter Psychosocial Registry for Obesity Surgery cohort study, patients seeking OS were recruited at 6 OS centers in Germany and assessed at baseline before surgery and at 6 months and 1 to 6 years after surgery.

Predictors of sleep pattern disturbances. Results from a third-level university hospital.

Introduction: Obesity is considered an epidemic condition. It is related to the increased prevalence of chronic degenerative diseases, but there are no studies in the Mexican paediatric population on its relationship with sleep disorders.

Aim Of The Study: We sought to determine the prevalence of sleep disorders in paediatrics, as well as factors for their development.

Patient-Level Factors Associated with Health-Related Quality of Life and Satisfaction with Body After Bariatric Surgery: a Multicenter, Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQL) is a key outcome of success after bariatric surgery. Not all patients report improved HRQL scores postoperatively, which may be due to patient-level factors. It is unknown which factors influence HRQL after surgery.

Early Postoperative Weight Loss Predicts Weight Loss up to 5 Years After Roux-En-Y Gastric Bypass, Banded Roux-En-Y Gastric Bypass, and Sleeve Gastrectomy.

Purpose: Previous studies showed that patients with lower weight loss after bariatric surgery could be identified based on early postoperative weight loss. However, these studies had only 12-36-month follow-up. This study aimed to explore whether patients in the lowest weight loss quartile at 3 months had lower weight loss trajectories up to 5 years after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), banded Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (BRYGB), and sleeve gastrectomy (SG) surgery.

Misalignment among adolescents living with obesity, caregivers, and healthcare professionals: ACTION Teens global survey study.

Background: There is limited evidence regarding the experiences, challenges, and needs of adolescents living with obesity (ALwO), their caregivers, and healthcare professionals (HCPs).

Objectives: The cross-sectional, survey-based global ACTION Teens study aimed to identify perceptions, attitudes, behaviours, and barriers to effective obesity care among ALwO, caregivers of ALwO, and HCPs.

Methods: ALwO (aged 12 to <18 years; N = 5275), caregivers (N = 5389), and HCPs treating ALwO (N = 2323) from 10 countries completed an online survey (August-December 2021).

Higher Preoperative Weight loss Is Associated with Greater Weight Loss up to 12 Months After Bariatric Surgery.

Background: Prior research suggested presurgical weight loss is associated with greater total weight loss, resulting in a more effective bariatric intervention. We aimed to assess whether preoperative weight loss is a predictor for total weight loss, and which patient factors are associated with successful weight loss.

Methods: All patients (N = 773) that underwent primary bariatric surgery between June 2017 and August 2019 were included in this single-center retrospective study.

Relative validity of a short screener to assess diet quality in patients with severe obesity before and after bariatric surgery.

Objective: To determine the relative validity and reproducibility of the Eetscore FFQ, a short screener for assessing diet quality, in patients with (severe) obesity before and after bariatric surgery (BS).

Design: The Eetscore FFQ was evaluated against 3-d food records (3d-FR) before (T0) and 6 months after BS (T6) by comparing index scores of the Dutch Healthy Diet index 2015 (DHD2015-index). Relative validity was assessed using paired tests, Kendall's tau-b correlation coefficients (b), cross-classification by tertiles, weighted kappa values ( ) and Bland-Altman plots.

Association between alanine aminotransferase as surrogate of fatty liver disease and physical activity and sedentary time in adolescents with obesity.

Unlabelled: To compare patterns of sedentary (SED) time (more sedentary, SED + vs less sedentary, SED-), moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) time (more active, MVPA + vs less active, MVPA-), and combinations of behaviors (SED-/MVPA + , SED-/MVPA-, SED + /MVPA + , SED + /MVPA-) regarding nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLD) markers. This cross-sectional study included 134 subjects (13.4 ± 2.

Circulating FGF21 vs. Stress Markers in Girls during Childhood and Adolescence, and in Their Caregivers: Intriguing Inter-Relations between Overweight/Obesity, Emotions, Behavior, and the Cared-Caregiver Relationship.

Fibroblast growth factor-21 (FGF21) acts on several brain regions, including the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus, which is involved in the regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the interrelations between FGF21 and stress indices in girls, as well as in their caregivers. 78 girls, aged between 5 and 15 years, were studied; 50 of them were overweight and obese (OB) and 28 in the control group (C).

Possible prediction of obesity-related liver disease in children and adolescents using indices of body composition.

Background: Diagnosis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in children and adolescents currently requires advanced or invasive technologies.

Objectives: We aimed to develop a method to improve diagnosis, using body composition indices and liver biochemical markers.

Methods: To diagnose non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, 767 Danish children and adolescents underwent clinical examination, blood sampling, whole-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scanning and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy for liver fat quantification.

Patient Selection in One Anastomosis/Mini Gastric Bypass-an Expert Modified Delphi Consensus.

Purpose: One anastomosis/mini gastric bypass (OAGB/MGB) is up to date the third most performed obesity and metabolic procedure worldwide, which recently has been endorsed by ASMBS. The main criticisms are the risk of bile reflux, esophageal cancer, and malnutrition. Although IFSO has recognized this procedure, guidance is needed regarding selection criteria.

Conversion to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass versus one-anastomosis gastric bypass after a failed primary gastric band: a matched nationwide study.

Background: Primary laparoscopic adjustable gastric band (LAGB) has high rates of patients not achieving the desired weight loss, and it remains unclear which bariatric conversion procedure gives better results.

Objective: To compare weight loss among patients undergoing conversion one-anastomosis gastric bypass (cOAGB) and conversion Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (cRYGB) after a failed LAGB.

Setting: Nationwide population-based study including all 18 hospitals providing metabolic and bariatric surgery.

Outcomes of the first global multidisciplinary consensus meeting including persons living with obesity to standardize patient-reported outcome measurement in obesity treatment research.

Quality of life is a key outcome that is not rigorously measured in obesity treatment research due to the lack of standardization of patient-reported outcomes (PROs) and PRO measures (PROMs). The S.Q.

Evaluation of CPAP adherence in bariatric patients diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea: outcomes of a multicenter cohort study.

Purpose: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is highly prevalent but mostly undiagnosed in obese patients scheduled for bariatric surgery. To prevent cardiopulmonary complications, many clinics perform preoperative OSA screening. Consequently, adequate adherence to continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy is essential but challenging.

Five-year weight loss, physical activity, and eating style trajectories after bariatric surgery.

Background: Little research has taken individual variability in weight loss into account. Furthermore, physical activity (PA) and eating style (ES) have been linked only sporadically to weight loss longitudinally.

Objectives: Identify and describe latent classes of weight loss, change of PA, and change of ES up to 5 years after surgery and investigate whether these trajectories are interrelated.

Effect of Phentermine on Hepatic Steatosis in Bariatric Surgery: A Pilot Study.

Objective: Hepatic steatosis is associated with increased surgical complications in bariatric surgery patients. We aimed to evaluate the effect of phentermine in reducing hepatic steatosis, adipose tissue, and surgical complications in patients undergoing bariatric surgery.

Methods: This was a two-arm, double-blind, randomized, controlled pilot trial of 64 adult subjects with BMI >35 kg/m2 selected for bariatric surgery randomized into phentermine group (15 mg once daily) or placebo group for 8 weeks.

Early detection of childhood overweight and related complications in a Danish population-based cohort aged 2-8 years.

Background: Overweight in early childhood often tracks into adolescence and adulthood and early childhood is a critical period for developing sustained overweight. This study aims to investigate the early detection of childhood overweight (including obesity) and related cardiometabolic complications in a Danish population-based cohort of children aged 2.5-8 years in collaboration with primary care municipal dental clinics and public health nurses.

Early exposures and inherent factors in premature newborns are associated with type 1 diabetes.

Background: Pathophysiology of type 1 diabetes (T1D) involves immune responses that may be associated with early exposure to environmental factors among preterm newborns. The aim of this work was to evaluate for association between T1D and maternal, nutritional, and medical exposures during the neonatal period among premature newborns.

Methods: This is a multicenter, matched case-control study.

The Benefits of Banded over Non-banded Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass in Patients with Morbid Obesity: a Multi-center Study.

Background: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) has proven to be an effective treatment for obesity with excellent long-term results, even though weight regain can occur. A method to improve the results of RYGB and minimize chance of weight regain is banded RYGB. Better sustained weight loss is also related to higher remission of comorbidities.

The association between patient attendance to a perioperative group-based lifestyle program and weight loss after bariatric surgery.

Background: To enable maximal and sustainable weight loss after bariatric surgery, bariatric lifestyle programs through multidisciplinary support are advised.

Objectives: To assess the association between patient attendance to a perioperative group-based bariatric lifestyle program (GBLP) and weight loss up to 48 months postoperatively.

Setting: A multicenter retrospective cohort study in the Netherlands.

Epidemiological and Genetic Aspects of NAFLD and NASH in Mexico.

Content available: Author Interview and Audio Recording.

Incidence of postoperative delirium in patients with preoperative and postoperative Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome. A Systematic Review of the literature.

Introduction: Clinical research has suggested that there might be a correlation between postoperative delirium (POD) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) syndrome. We aimed to assess the association between POD and OSA syndrome.

Methods: The electronic database PubMed was searched using combinations of terms for "Delirium,'' "Obstructive Sleep Apnea,'' and "postoperative delirium.

Complications Rate Variability after Bariatric Surgery and the Importance of Standardization of a Reporting System.

Background: The rate of early (< 30 days) complications after bariatric surgery has been reported to be 0.4-27.4%.