Changes in nutrient composition and diet quality in the first 6 months following bariatric surgery: An observational cohort study.

Background: Bariatric surgery (BS) may result in inadequate nutrient intake and poor diet quality, which can lead to nutritional complications. The present study aimed to evaluate changes in macro- and micronutrient composition and diet quality in the first 6 months following BS.

Methods: One hundred seven participants undergoing BS (Roux-en-Y gastric bypass: n = 87, sleeve gastrectomy: n = 20) completed 3-day food records before and 6 months after surgery.

A scoping review and critical evaluation of the methodological quality of clinical practice guidelines on nutrition in the preconception.

Introduction: Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) contain recommendations for specific clinical circumstances, including maternal malnutrition. This study aimed to identify the CPGs that provide recommendations for preventing, diagnosing, and treating women's malnutrition. Additionally, we sought to assess the methodological quality using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE II) instrument.

Gallbladder plication as a rare complication of endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty: A case report.

Background: Endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty (ESG) is a minimally invasive procedure used in the treatment of obesity, with a complication rate of less than 2% of cases. There have been only two reported cases worldwide of gallbladder injuries as a major complication of ESG.

Case Summary: We present the case of a 34-year-old patient who developed a complication after ESG.

Metabolomic Phenotype of Hepatic Steatosis and Fibrosis in Mexican Children Living with Obesity.

: Metabolic-dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease or MASLD is the main cause of chronic liver diseases in children, and it is estimated to affect 35% of children living with obesity. This study aimed to identify metabolic phenotypes associated with two advanced stages of MASLD (hepatic steatosis and hepatic steatosis plus fibrosis) in Mexican children with obesity. : This is a cross-sectional analysis derived from a randomized clinical trial conducted in children and adolescents with obesity aged 8 to 16 years.

Antibiotics in Chronic Liver Disease and Their Effects on Gut Microbiota.

Impairments in liver function lead to different complications. As chronic liver disease progresses (CLD), hypoalbuminemia and alterations in bile acid compositions lead to changes in gut microbiota and, therefore, in the host-microbiome interaction, leading to a proinflammatory state. Alterations in gut microbiota composition and permeability, known as gut dysbiosis, have important implications in CLD; alterations in the gut-liver axis are a consequence of liver disease, but also a cause of CLD.

Screening for Inflammatory Markers Identifies IL-18Rα as a Potential Link between Exenatide and Its Anti-Inflammatory Effect: New Results from the Combat-JUDO Randomized Controlled Trial.

Introduction: Obesity is associated with chronic inflammation. Chronic inflammation has also been linked to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes, metabolic associated fatty liver disease, and cardiovascular disease. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor analogs (GLP-1RA) are clinically used to treat obesity, with known anti-inflammatory properties.

Effectiveness of the Modified Hemoglobin, Albumin, Lymphocyte, and Platelet Score in Predicting Weight Loss After Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy.

The overexpression of proinflammatory cytokines in obesity has suggested an association between obesity and inflammation. In this study, we aimed to predict the success of weight loss at the end of the first year of patients who underwent laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) for morbid obesity using hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte, and platelet (HALP) score and modified HALP (m-HALP) score. Patients were divided into two groups according to the success of weight loss.

Subcutaneous Semaglutide Use for Weight Management: Practice and Attitudes of Physicians in Israel.

Background: In 2019, 1 mg subcutaneous semaglutide was registered for the treatment of diabetes in Israel. Recognition of its effect on weight has led to its use as a treatment for obesity.

Objectives: To explore physicians' pre-therapy considerations, therapy practices, and attitudes regarding subcutaneous semaglutide for weight loss.

Barriers in the Management of Obesity in Mexican Children and Adolescents through the COVID-19 Lockdown-Lessons Learned and Perspectives for the Future.

Unlabelled: The COVID-19 lockdown caused health system issues, including the need for long-term care for patients with conditions like childhood obesity. We wanted to know how the lockdown had changed our patients' health and which variables had greater influence in preventing and managing overweight and obesity in kids and teens during and after the lockdown.

Methods: Our study comprised two phases.

Evaluation of height prediction models: from traditional methods to artificial intelligence.

Background: Traditional methods for predicting adult height (AHP) rely on manual readings of bone age (BA). However, the incorporation of artificial intelligence has recently improved the accuracy of BA readings and their incorporation into AHP models.

Methods: This study aimed to identify the AHP model that fits the current average height for adults in Mexico.

Metformin restores prohormone processing enzymes and normalizes aberrations in secretion of proinsulin and insulin in palmitate-exposed human islets.

Aim: To elucidate how proinsulin synthesis and insulin was affected by metformin under conditions of nutrient overstimulation.

Materials And Methods: Isolated human pancreatic islets from seven donors were cultured at 5.5 mmol/L glucose and 0.

Pediatric Features of Genetic Predisposition to Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

Context: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has historically been conceptualized as a disorder of the reproductive system in women. However, offspring of women with PCOS begin to show metabolic features of PCOS in childhood, suggestive of childhood manifestations.

Objective: To identify childhood manifestations of genetic risk for PCOS.

Does food use disorder exist? Item response theory analyses of a food use disorder adapted from the DSM-5 substance use disorder criteria in a treatment seeking clinical sample.

Background: Increased consumption of food that are high in energy and sugar have been pointed as a major factor in the obesity epidemic. Impaired control of food intake and the concept of food addiction has been developed as a potential contributor. Our objective was to evaluate the dimensionality and psychometric validity of diagnostic criteria for food addiction adapted from the 11 DSM-5 substance use disorder (SUD) criteria (i.

Development and validation of a Sarcopenia Geriatric Scale (SARCO-GS): a new short scale for the screening of sarcopenia.

Introduction: Sarcopenia is a highly prevalent disease associated with adverse outcomes such as falls, disability, and death. The current international consensuses agree that muscle strength, muscle mass, and gait speed must be included in the definition. However, these proposed criteria require objective measurements that are not available for most populations.

Genetics of Plasma Bilirubin and Associations between Bilirubin and Cardiometabolic Risk Profiles in Danish Children and Adolescents.

Bilirubin is the end product of heme catabolism, mainly produced by the breakdown of mature red blood cells. Due to its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antilipemic properties, circulating bilirubin concentrations are inversely associated with the risk of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and all-cause mortality in adults. Some genetic loci associated with circulating bilirubin concentrations have been identified by genome-wide association studies in adults.

Usefulness of an Easy, Structured, and Home-Based Exercise Program to Improve Physical Performance and Quality of Life in a Patient's Cohort with Obesity.

Introduction: The benefits of exercise in patients with obesity are clear; physical performance and quality of life improve after exercise programs in patients with obesity. Our aim was to evaluate the usefulness of an easy, structured, and home-based exercise program to improve physical performance and quality-of-life in patients with obesity.

Methods: A cohort of patients with obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2) was recruited during 2017-2020.

Body Image and Weight Loss Outcome After Bariatric Metabolic Surgery: a Mixed Model Analysis.

Purpose: As in nonsurgical weight loss populations, body image may partly explain differences in weight loss outcomes after surgery. The aim of this study was to determine the prospective association between body image and weight loss in a longitudinal cohort of patients up to 3 years after bariatric metabolic surgery.

Materials And Methods: The BODY-Q self-report questionnaire was used to assess body image.

An adult-based genetic risk score for liver fat associates with liver and plasma lipid traits in children and adolescents.

Background & Aims: Genome-wide association studies have identified steatogenic variants that also showed pleiotropic effects on cardiometabolic traits in adults. We investigated the effect of eight previously reported genome-wide significant steatogenic variants, individually and combined in a weighted genetic risk score (GRS), on liver and cardiometabolic traits, and the predictive ability of the GRS for hepatic steatosis in children and adolescents.

Approach & Results: Children and adolescents with overweight (including obesity) from an obesity clinic group (n = 1768) and a population-based group (n = 1890) were included.

Mid-term outcomes after single anastomosis sleeve ileal (SASI) bypass in treatment of morbid obesity.

Background: According to several short-term studies, single-anastomosis sleeve ileal (SASI) bypass offers similar weight loss to Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB) with fewer complication and better comorbidity reduction/resolution. Long-term data on this operation is lacking in the literature. The purpose of this study was to analyze the outcomes of SASI bypass up to 4 years.

Comparison of Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy and Single Anastomosis Sleeve Ileal Bypass in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Remission Using International Criteria.

Single anastomosis sleeve ileal (SASI) bypass procedure is recommended in the treatment of patients with obesity, who have comorbidities such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Meanwhile, laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) has become the most preferred contemporary bariatric procedure. Research comparing these two techniques are scarce in the literature.

Laparoscopic Conversion of Vertical Banded Gastroplasty to Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Gives Better Result Compared to an Open Approach.

Background: Vertical banded gastroplasty (VBG) has a relatively high failure rate in the long run, requiring revisional surgery in 30-65%. A common conversion option is to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), which can be performed laparoscopically or open. Current literature contains small cohorts and inconclusive results.

The Swallowable Intragastric Balloon Combined with Lifestyle Coaching: Short-Term Results of a Safe and Effective Weight Loss Treatment for People Living with Overweight and Obesity.

Background: Some patients with overweight or obesity are not eligible for surgery according to international guidelines or do not wish a surgical intervention. For these patients, different treatment options are being explored. In this study, we examined the effectiveness of the swallowable intragastric balloon (IB) combined with lifestyle coaching, in patients living with overweight and obesity.

High preoperative HbA1c does not affect early or late complication rates after bariatric surgery.

Background: Preoperative HbA1c has been associated with an increased incidence of postoperative morbidity and mortality after abdominal and cardiovascular surgery. The literature on bariatric surgery is inconclusive and guidelines recommend postponement of surgery when HbA1c is above an arbitrary threshold (≥ 8.5%).