Osteoid osteoma and osteoblastoma of the cervical spine in the pediatric population: analysis of the literature and experience with four operated cases.

Background And Aim: Osteoid osteoma (Oo) and osteoblastoma (Ob) are rare primary bone tumors with a higher prevalence in the second decade of life. Treatment can be conservative, but in cases of spinal location, resective surgery is of great importance but may be challenging.

Material And Methods: We report four pediatric cases of Oo and Ob managed in our unit, with different locations at the level of the cervical spine.

Retinal Docosahexaenoic Acid Is Significantly Reduced in Diabetic Humans and Mice: Possible Relationship to Diabetic Retinopathy.

Purpose: The retina contains the highest concentration of the omega 3 fatty acid, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), in the body. Although epidemiologic studies showed an inverse correlation between the consumption of omega 3 fatty acids and the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy, there are no data showing the effect of diabetes on retinal DHA in humans. In this study, we measured the DHA content of the retina in diabetic and non-diabetic humans as well as mice and determined the effect of diabetes on retinal thickness and function in mice.

Associated Factors of Long-Term Functional Outcome and Recovery Pattern After Intracerebral Hemorrhage: A Prospective Population-Based Study in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia.

Background: Long-term patterns of functional outcome after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) have not been well elucidated in population-based studies from low- and middle-income countries. The aim of this study was to define long-term functional outcomes, associated prognostic factors, and recovery patterns for patients with acute ICH.

Methods: We conducted a prospective population-based stroke incidence study in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, with prospective follow-up.

In vitro and in silico approaches manifest the anti-leishmanial activity of wild edible mushroom .

Visceral Leishmaniasis, caused by is the second most deadly parasitic disease, causing over 65,000 deaths annually. Synthetic drugs available in the market, to combat this disease, have numerous side effects. In this backdrop, we aim to find safer antileishmanial alternatives with minimal side effects from mushrooms, which harbour various secondary metabolites with promising efficacy.

Prognostic Relevance of Relative Ellipsoid Zone Reflectivity for Ellipsoid Zone Loss in Macular Telangiectasia Type 2.

Purpose: The relative ellipsoid zone reflectivity (rEZR) is an innovative biomarker for photoreceptor alterations and showed association with disease staging in macular telangiectasia type 2 (MacTel). However, its prognostic relevance for the ellipsoid zone (EZ) loss is unclear.

Methods: Longitudinal spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) imaging of patients with MacTel from an observational natural history study was used for en face determination of manifest EZ loss.

Phenotypic and Allelic Frequencies of ABO and Rh(D) Blood Antigens in Ghana: A Systematic Review.

Background: ABO and Rh blood group systems are the most significant blood group systems recognized by the International Society of Blood Transfusion and are widely used for clinical and anthropological purposes. This systematic review determined the distribution and allelic frequency of ABO and Rh(D) antigens in Ghana.

Methods: Literature searches were performed in PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect, up to February 20, 2024, and included studies published from 2000 to 2024 in all regions of Ghana.

Life cycle and morphogenetic differentiation in heteromorphic cell types of a cosmopolitan marine microalga.

Gephyrocapsa huxleyi is a prevalent, bloom-forming phytoplankton species in the oceans. It exhibits a complex haplodiplontic life cycle, featuring a diploid-calcified phase, a haploid phase and a third 'decoupled' phase produced during viral infection. Decoupled cells display a haploid-like phenotype, but are diploid.

Disparities in Cervical Cancer Among LHS+ Women: A Primer for Medical Students.

Introduction: Latina, Latino, Latinx, Latine, Hispanic, or of Spanish origin+ (LHS+) women face higher cervical cancer risks, incidence, and mortality compared to non-Hispanic White women. These disparities are attributable to socioeconomic factors, limited access to health care, language and cultural barriers, and negative health care experiences.

Methods: We used the Kern model to design, implement, and evaluate a workshop to educate medical students and health care professionals on cervical cancer disparities among LHS+ women and culturally competent communication skills.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging does not distinguish Kallmann syndrome from normosmic isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism.

Introduction And Objectives: Isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (IHH) may be associated with pituitary gland and olfactory system disorders. We aimed to correlate findings of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of the pituitary gland and olfactory system in IHH patients with the patients' olfactory phenotype.

Patients And Methods: The present research was a single-center retrospective case-control study.

Sulfide and Hydrogen Bond Networks in the Electric Double Layer: Key Factors for Titanium Passivation Film Stability.

Hydrogen sulfide (HS), carbonyl sulfide (COS), and dimethyl sulfide (DMS) are the primary sulfur compounds found in seawater, which cause pitting corrosion on the oxide passivation film of titanium, known as "the marine metals". In this study, density functional theory (DFT) was used to analyze the adsorption and surface electronic properties of these three small molecules on the anatase TiO(101) surface. The analysis was conducted through adsorption energy, work function, Mulliken charge population, and density of states (DOS).

Early Methotrexate Treatment For Psoriatic Arthritis Prevention in Psoriasis Patients - a retrospective cohort study.

Objectives: Early initiation of biologic therapies for psoriasis has been explored to prevent or delay the onset of psoriatic arthritis (PsA). This has renewed interest in the potential role of methotrexate (MTX) in mitigating PsA risk in newly diagnosed psoriasis patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of early MTX initiation on PsA incidence in individuals with psoriasis.

Diabetes Remission After Bariatric Surgery: A 10-Year Follow-Up Study.

Introduction: Treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in patients with obesity can be challenging. Metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) has shown promising results in improving glycemic control and even achieving remission in T2DM patients with obesity. However, the durability of glycemic improvements in T2DM patients following MBS remains insufficiently studied.

Facile Synthesis of Silsesquioxane-Based Hybrid Crosslinked Polymers via One-Step Amine-Ene Reaction for Efficient Adsorption of Various Pollutants.

The rapid advancement of industrial production has led to an increase in water pollutants, posing a significant threat to public health. With the deepening of research on pollutant adsorbents. The application of silsesquioxane-based cross-linked polymer networks in water pollution treatment has gradually attracted people's attention.

Age-Related Cognitive and Volumetric Changes in the Brain of African Grasscutter ( (Temminck, 1827)).

The African grasscutter (AGC) () is the second largest rodent in sub-Saharan Africa. It is bred for its organoleptic and culinary properties but also serves as a research model. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between age-related changes in brain weight, brain volume, and spatial and nonspatial memory performance in the AGC.

Characterisation of the influence of dietary fat and sugar on bone health utilising densitometry, micro-computed tomography and histomorphometry.

Obesogenic feeding can affect systemic metabolism and impact bone health and microarchitecture, but the findings of published studies often appear contradictory. This study aimed to compare the effects of a medium-fat/high-sugar (MF/HS) and a high-fat/high-fructose (HF/Fr) diet on the femora of weanling male Wistar rats, examining bone mineral content and density (BMC, BMD), cortical and cancellous bone microarchitecture and the cell populations within bone. Furthermore, we explored the correlations between circulating bone-targeting factors (in particular leptin, adiponectin and insulin) and bone parameters.

Olfactory bulb microglia activation mediates neuronal pyroptosis in ozone-exposed mice with olfactory and cognitive dysfunction.

In recent years, there has been a notable increase in the concentration of air pollutants in the troposphere, especially ozone. However, limited research has gone beyond examining histopathological alterations in the olfactory bulb (OB) to explore the effects of ozone exposure on olfactory and cognitive functions. In our study, we exposed nine-month-old C57BL/6 mice to ozone at a concentration of 1.

The impact of obesity on sleep, pulmonary and chest wall restriction in Osteogenesis Imperfecta: a pilot study.

Introduction: Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI) is characterised by brittle bones, severe skeletal deformities, low sleep quality, and restricted breathing. We aimed to distinguish how disease and obesity affect these results.

Methods: According to BMI, we considered four groups of peer adults (median age: 35.

Spinal muscular atrophy is also a disorder of spermatogenesis.

Background: Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) patients benefit from pre-mRNA splicing modifiers targeting the SMN2 gene, which aims to increase functional SMN production. The animal toxicity affecting spermatogenesis associated with one such treatment raised questions about male SMA patients' spermatogenesis.

Methods: This descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted from June 2022 to July 2023.

Performance of PSMA-PET/CT as verified by bone biopsy for diagnosing osseous metastases of prostate cancer.

Objective: Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-PET/CT has shown considerable promise in the evaluation of prostate cancer bone metastases; however, data utilizing a histopathologic reference standard in this setting are limited. We therefore sought to evaluate the diagnostic performance of PSMA-PET/CT using a consistent histopathologic gold standard in the form of bone biopsy.

Materials And Methods: In this single-center, retrospective study, we identified 80 patients with prostate cancer who underwent CT-guided bone biopsy of a tracer-avid osseous lesion on PSMA-PET/CT performed with F-piflufolastat.

A recyclable dynamic semiconducting polymer consisting of Pauli-paramagnetic diradicaloids promoted and stabilized by catechol-boron coordination.

Coordination between 5,5',6,6'-tetrahydroxyindigo (4OH-ID) and boron tribromide unexpectedly affords a novel dynamic covalent polymer, namely P(ID-O-B), consisting of alternating indigo and indigo diradicaloid units. The catechol-boron dynamic bond plays a vital role in promoting the diradicaloid formation and stabilizing the formed diradicaloid segments. The diradicaloid segment in the polymer has a triplet ground state and a thermally populated doublet state, which has been confirmed by the EPR study.

Serum Zinc-Alpha-2 Glycoprotein and Zinc Levels and Their Relationship with Insulin Resistance and Biochemical Parameters in Overweight and Obese Children.

The biological role of zinc-alpha 2-glycoprotein (ZAG) has been associated with lipid mobilization, although this is not entirely clear. The study's aim was to examine the serum levels of ZAG and zinc (Zn) and the Zn/ZAG in a population of children with overweight (OW) and obesity (OB), and their relationship with biochemical parameters. Our study was a cross-sectional analysis of a group of Mexican children aged 6-10 (n = 72).

Personality and neuropsychiatric symptoms in individuals diagnosed with long COVID.

Objective: This study investigates persistent physical and neuropsychiatric symptoms in Long COVID, focusing on their severity and assessing risk/resilience factors, including conscientiousness and neuroticism. The study utilizes a mediation model to explore the potential role of psychological distress in mediating its impact on cognitive decline.

Methods: In an online survey, 114 participants diagnosed with Long COVID completed assessments, including the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) for psychological distress, Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD) questionnaire for cognitive decline, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) for sleep disorders, and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) with "BIG-5 inventory" subscales for risk/resilience factors.