Receptor binding and immunogenic properties of the receptor binding domain of influenza D virus hemagglutinin-esterase-fusion protein expressed from Escherichia coli.

The hemagglutinin-esterase-fusion (HEF) protein binds 9-O-acetylated sialic acids-containing glycans on the cell surface and drives influenza D virus (IDV) entry. The HEF is a primary determinant of the exceptional thermal and acid stability observed in IDV infection biology. Here, we expressed and purified the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the IDV HEF protein in Escherichia coli and characterized its receptor binding and antigenic properties.

Parenting as a Moderator of the Relation Between Child Inhibited Temperament and Anxiety in Western Contexts: A Systematic Review.

The literature on the role of parenting in the relation between child inhibited temperament and child anxiety is inconsistent, with some literature supporting a moderating role and some literature supporting alternative (e.g., mediating) roles.

Difference comparison of characteristic aroma compounds between braised pork cooked by traditional open-fire and induction cooker and the potential formation cause under electromagnetic cooking.

The characteristic aroma compounds of braised pork were identified through molecular sensory science and PLSR analysis, and the difference between two cooking methods, traditional open-fire (BPF) and induction cooker (BPC), was compared. Seventeen aroma compounds with odor activity values (OAVs) > 1 were identified in both samples. BPF revealed higher OAVs for most of the aroma compounds compared to BPC, and the higher aroma quality.

Transient Covalent Polymers through Carbodiimide-Driven Assembly.

Biochemical systems make use of out-of-equilibrium polymers generated under kinetic control. Inspired by these systems, many abiotic supramolecular polymers driven by chemical fuel reactions have been reported. Conversely, polymers based on transient covalent bonds have received little attention, even though they have the potential to complement supramolecular systems by generating transient structures based on stronger bonds and by offering a straightforward tuning of reaction kinetics.

The attenuation of activity-based anorexia by obese adipose tissue transplant is AgRP neuron-dependent.

Anorexia nervosa (AN) is an eating disorder observed primarily in girls and women, and is characterized by a low body mass index, hypophagia, and hyperactivity. The activity-based anorexia (ABA) paradigm models aspects of AN, and refers to the progressive weight loss, hypophagia, and hyperactivity developed by rodents exposed to time-restricted feeding and running wheel access. Recent studies identified white adipose tissue (WAT) as a primary location of the 'metabolic memory' of prior obesity, and implicated WAT-derived signals as drivers of recidivism to obesity following weight loss.

Effect of maternal vaccination on infant morbidity in Bangladesh.

Background: Risk factors of infant mortality in Africa and south Asian countries have been broadly discussed. However, infant morbidity is largely underestimated. We analyzed the data from a randomized vaccine trial in Bangladesh to identify and assess the effect of risk factors on infant morbidity.

A new suite of reporter vectors and a novel landing site survey system to study cis-regulatory elements in diverse insect species.

Comparative analyses between traditional model organisms, such as the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, and more recent model organisms, such as the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum, have provided a wealth of insight into conserved and diverged aspects of gene regulation. While the study of trans-regulatory components is relatively straightforward, the study of cis-regulatory elements (CREs, or enhancers) remains challenging outside of Drosophila. A central component of this challenge has been finding a core promoter suitable for enhancer-reporter assays in diverse insect species.

Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia, Effortful Control, and Child Social Anxiety Symptoms.

Emotion dysregulation is implicated in child social anxiety and its etiology. Child emotion dysregulation has been studied via physiological indicators (e.g.

GAUSS: a summary-statistics-based R package for accurate estimation of linkage disequilibrium for variants, Gaussian imputation, and TWAS analysis of cosmopolitan cohorts.

Motivation: As the availability of larger and more ethnically diverse reference panels grows, there is an increase in demand for ancestry-informed imputation of genome-wide association studies (GWAS), and other downstream analyses, e.g. fine-mapping.

Autism Knowledge Assessments: A Closer Examination of Validity by Autism Experts.

The goal of the current study was to conduct a substantive validity review of four autism knowledge assessments with prior psychometric support (Gillespie-Lynch in J Autism and Dev Disord 45(8):2553-2566, 2015; Harrison in J Autism and Dev Disord 47(10):3281-3295, 2017; McClain in J Autism and Dev Disord 50(3):998-1006, 2020; McMahon in Res Autism Spectr Disord 71:101499, 2020). 69 autism experts who served on the editorial board of one or more peer-reviewed autism journals evaluated the accuracy and ambiguity of autism knowledge questions. 34% of the questions were flagged as "potentially problematic" for accuracy, and 17% of the questions were flagged as "potentially problematic" for ambiguity.

Carbodiimide-Driven Toughening of Interpenetrated Polymer Networks.

Recent work has demonstrated that temporary crosslinks in polymer networks generated by chemical "fuels" afford materials with large, transient changes in their mechanical properties. This can be accomplished in carboxylic-acid-functionalized polymer hydrogels using carbodiimides, which generate anhydride crosslinks with lifetimes on the order of minutes to hours. Here, the impact of the polymer network architecture on the mechanical properties of transiently crosslinked materials was explored.

Visualizing mitochondrial heme flow through GAPDH in living cells and its regulation by NO.

Iron protoporphyrin IX (heme) is a redox-active cofactor that is bound in mammalian cells by GAPDH and allocated by a process influenced by physiologic levels of NO. This impacts the activity of many heme proteins including indoleamine dioxygenase-1 (IDO1), a redox enzyme involved in immune response and tumor growth. To gain further understanding we created a tetra-Cys human GAPDH reporter construct (TC-hGAPDH) which after labeling could indicate its heme binding by fluorescence quenching.

Transforming friction: unveiling sliding-induced phase transitions in CVD-grown WS monolayers under single-asperity sliding nanocontacts.

Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) exhibit diverse properties across different phases, making them promising materials for various engineering applications. In the present work, we employed a comprehensive approach, combining experimental investigations and computational simulations to elucidate the remarkable tunable frictional characteristics of chemical vapor deposition (CVD) grown WS monolayers through the sliding-induced transitions between the 1H and 1T' phases. Our atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements reveal a significant contrast in friction between the two phases, with the 1H phase displaying higher friction (∼52%) than the 1T' phase.

Structural transitions modulate the chaperone activities of Grp94.

Hsp90s are ATP-dependent chaperones that collaborate with co-chaperones and Hsp70s to remodel client proteins. Grp94 is the ER Hsp90 homolog essential for folding multiple secretory and membrane proteins. Grp94 interacts with the ER Hsp70, BiP, although the collaboration of the ER chaperones in protein remodeling is not well understood.

Studying Conformational Properties of Transmembrane Domain of KCNE3 in a Lipid Bilayer Membrane Using Molecular Dynamics Simulations.

KCNE3 is a single-pass integral membrane protein that regulates numerous voltage-gated potassium channel functions such as KCNQ1. Previous solution NMR studies suggested a moderate degree of curved α-helical structure in the transmembrane domain (TMD) of KCNE3 in lyso-myristoylphosphatidylcholine (LMPC) micelles and isotropic bicelles with the residues T71, S74 and G78 situated along the concave face of the curved helix. During the interaction of KCNE3 and KCNQ1, KCNE3 pushes its transmembrane domain against KCNQ1 to lock the voltage sensor in its depolarized conformation.

Nonparametric predictive model for sparse and irregular longitudinal data.

We propose a kernel-based estimator to predict the mean response trajectory for sparse and irregularly measured longitudinal data. The kernel estimator is constructed by imposing weights based on the subject-wise similarity on L2 metric space between predictor trajectories, where we assume that an analogous fashion in predictor trajectories over time would result in a similar trend in the response trajectory among subjects. In order to deal with the curse of dimensionality caused by the multiple predictors, we propose an appealing multiplicative model with multivariate Gaussian kernels.

miR-26 deficiency causes alterations in lens transcriptome and results in adult-onset cataract.

Purpose: Despite strong evidence demonstrating that normal lens development requires regulation governed by miRNAs, the functional role of specific miRNAs in mammalian lens development remains largely unexplored.

Methods: A comprehensive analysis of miRNA transcripts in the newborn mouse lens, exploring both differential expression between lens epithelial cells and lens fiber cells and overall miRNA abundance was conducted by miRNA-seq. Mouse lenses lacking each of three abundantly expressed lens miRNAs: miR-184, miR-26 and miR-1 were analyzed to explore the role of these miRNAs in lens development.

Adult Children's Migration and Health-Related Quality of Life Among Older Nepali Adults.

Traditionally, adult children have served as primary caretakers and providers for older Nepali adults. However, out-migration of adult children for employment and other opportunities is increasing. Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in older Nepali adults in general and in the context of adult children's migration is poorly understood.

Fungal thermotolerance revisited and why climate change is unlikely to be supercharging pathogenic fungi (yet).

Thermotolerance has been viewed as an uncommon characteristic among the fungi and one of the reasons that less than 1% of the described species operate as opportunistic pathogens of humans. Growth at 37°C is certainly a requirement for a fungus that invades the body core, but tens of thousands of nonpathogenic species are also able to grow at this temperature. Ergo, body temperature does not serve as a thermal barrier to the development of infections by many harmless fungi.

A systematic review of weight stigma and disordered eating cognitions and behaviors.

Weight stigma is persistent across contexts and is associated with disordered eating cognitions and behaviors. This systematic review aimed to examine the existing literature that has explored the relationship between weight stigma and disordered eating cognitions and behaviors. We specifically examined three dimensions of weight stigma - experienced, anticipated, and internalized - and adopted an inclusive conceptualization of outcomes related to disordered eating (including constructs such as binge eating, body dissatisfaction, and other cognitions and behaviors such as dietary restraint, unhealthy weight control behaviors, and drive for thinness).

Synthesis of hydrazinyl-thiazole ester derivatives, trypanocidal and leishmanicidal activities.

To synthesize novel more potent trypanocidal and leishmanicidal agents. Hantzsch's synthetic strategy was used to synthesize 1,3-thiazole-4-carboxylates and their -benzylated derivatives. 28 new thiazole-carboxylates and their -benzylated derivatives were established to test their trypanocidal and leishmanicidal activities.

2dGBH: Two-dimensional group Benjamini-Hochberg procedure for false discovery rate control in two-way multiple testing of genomic data.

Motivation: Emerging omics technologies have introduced a two-way grouping structure in multiple testing, as seen in single-cell omics data, where the features can be grouped by either genes or cell types. Traditional multiple testing methods have limited ability to exploit such two-way grouping structure, leading to potential power loss.

Results: We propose a new 2D Group Benjamini-Hochberg (2dGBH) procedure to harness the two-way grouping structure in omics data, extending the traditional one-way adaptive GBH procedure.

Fibroblast growth factor-induced lens fiber cell elongation is driven by the stepwise activity of Rho and Rac.

The spheroidal shape of the eye lens is crucial for precise light focusing onto the retina. This shape is determined by concentrically aligned, convexly elongated lens fiber cells along the anterior and posterior axis of the lens. Upon differentiation at the lens equator, the fiber cells increase in height as their apical and basal tips migrate towards the anterior and posterior poles, respectively.

Polysaccharide-coated quercetin-loaded nanoliposomes mitigate bitterness: A comparison of carrageenan, pectin, and trehalose.

The intense bitterness of quercetin poses a challenge to its utilization in the food industry. To address this issue, three anionic polysaccharides (carrageenan, pectin, and trehalose) were individually incorporated to fabricate polysaccharide-coated liposome nanocarriers. Electronic tongue analysis revealed a significant decreasing bitterness value (10.