Biological correlates associated with high-risk breast cancer patients identified using a computational method.

Using a novel unsupervised method to integrate multi-omic data, we previously identified a breast cancer group with a poor prognosis. In the current study, we characterize the biological features of this subgroup, defined as the high-risk group, using various data sources. Assessment of three published hypoxia signatures showed that the high-risk group exhibited higher hypoxia scores (p < 0.

Decreased nitric oxide production is a novel therapeutic target for salt-induced nocturnal polyuria in aging.

Nocturnal polyuria is a major cause of nocturia, which affects quality of life. Aging-related decreases in nitric oxide production have been reported to contribute to salt-induced nocturnal polyuria. We posited that enhanced nitric oxide production from exercise could mitigate salt-induced nocturnal polyuria.

Greater residential greenness is associated with reduced epigenetic aging in adults.

Potential pathways linking urban green spaces to improved health include relaxation, stress alleviation, and improved immune system functioning. Epigenetic age acceleration (EAA) is a composite biomarker of biological aging based on DNA methylation measurements; it is predictive of morbidity and mortality. This cross-sectional study of 116 adult residents of a metropolitan area in central North Carolina investigated associations between exposure to residential green spaces and EAA using four previously developed epigenetic age formulas.

Water-mediated ion transport in an anion exchange membrane.

Water is a critical component in polyelectrolyte anion exchange membranes (AEMs). It plays a central role in ion transport in electrochemical systems. Gaining a better understanding of molecular transport and conductivity in AEMs has been challenged by the lack of a general methodology capable of capturing and connecting water dynamics, water structure, and ionic transport over time and length scales ranging from those associated with individual bond vibrations and molecular reorientations to those pertaining to macroscopic AEM performance.

A Y178C rhodopsin mutation causes aggregation and comparatively severe retinal degeneration.

Rhodopsin is the light-activated G protein-coupled receptor that initiates vision in photoreceptor cells of the retina. Numerous mutations in rhodopsin promote receptor misfolding and aggregation, causing autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa, a progressive retinal degenerative disease. The mechanism by which these mutations cause photoreceptor cell death, and the role aggregation plays in this process is still unclear.

Bias-Induced Ga-O-Ir Interface Breaks the Limits of Adsorption-Energy Scaling Relationships for High-Performing Proton Exchange Membrane Electrolyzers.

Rationally manipulating the in-situ formed catalytically active surface of catalysts remains a significant challenge for achieving highly efficient water electrolysis. Herein, we present a bias-induced activation strategy to modulate in-situ Ga leaching and trigger the dynamic surface restructuring of lamellar Ir@Ga2O3 for the electrochemical oxygen evolution reaction. The in-situ reconstructed Ga-O-Ir interface sustains high water oxidation rates at OER overpotentials.

RNA recognition by minimal ProQ from Neisseria meningitidis.

Neisseria meningitidis minimal ProQ is a global RNA binding protein belonging to the family of FinO-domain proteins. The N. meningitidis ProQ consists only of the FinO domain accompanied by short N- and C-terminal extensions.

Femtosecond Laser-Assisted Pterygium Surgery Using a Customized Algorithm for Trapezoidal Conjunctival Grafts.

Purpose: Conjunctival autografts (CAGs) are the gold standard treatment after pterygium resection, but it is challenging to achieve consistently thin Tenon-free CAGs with manual dissection. We herein report the reproducibility and clinical outcomes of a novel algorithm to produce customizable trapezoidal CAGs using femtosecond laser (femtosecond lasers)-assisted pterygium surgery.

Methods: We first tested this algorithm in 4 pig eyes to show reproducibility.

Metallofullerenol Gd@C(OH) preserves human erythrocyte plasma membrane integrity from AAPH-induced oxidative stress: molecular mechanisms and antioxidant activity.

Metallofullerenols and fullerenols have attracted attention due to their remarkable ability to interact with various biologically relevant molecules, paving the way for biomedical applications, ranging from medical imaging techniques to drug carriers, acting with increased efficiency and reduced side effects. In this work, we investigated the effects of two fullerene derivatives, Gd@C(OH) and C(OH), on erythrocyte membrane components under oxidative stress conditions induced by 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH) as a source of peroxyl radicals. The results demonstrated that gadolinium encapsulation within the fullerene cage enhanced the electron affinity of Gd@C(OH), resulting in stronger antioxidant activity.

The Fas-mediated apoptosis assay: From concept to clinical application.

Abnormal lymphocyte homeostasis underly several Inborn Errors of Immunity (IEoI). In vitro assessment of lymphocyte homeostasis is achieved by specific apoptosis assays reflective of specific homeostasis programs and pathways that are mediated through specific proteins. This review discusses those programs, pathways and proteins and describes the development and use of the in vitro Fas-mediated apoptosis assay, as it relates to the IEoI Autoimmune Lymphoproliferative Syndrome (ALPS) and describes other disorders of lymphocyte homeostasis in the context of other forms of in vitro apoptosis assessment.

The potential of lazertinib and amivantamab combination therapy as a treatment strategy for uncommon EGFR-mutated NSCLC.

Uncommon epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) pose therapeutic challenge due to limited response to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). This study presents preclinical evidence and mechanistic insights into the combination of lazertinib, a third-generation EGFR-TKI; and amivantamab, an EGFR-MET bispecific antibody, for treating NSCLC with uncommon EGFR mutations. The lazertinib-amivantamab combination demonstrates significant antitumor activity in patient-derived models with uncommon EGFR mutations either before treatment or after progressing on EGFR-TKIs.

FIGG at 5: An update on U.S. public perspectives on forensic investigative genetic genealogy five years after its introduction to criminal investigations.

In 2018, after law enforcement announced it had used a technique called forensic investigative genetic genealogy (FIGG) to identify the Golden State Killer, we conducted a U.S. general population survey and found most respondents supported using FIGG to solve violent crimes.

Spatiotemporal distribution of marine aerosols and gaseous species over the North Pacific Ocean.

Observational studies of marine aerosols are essential for understanding the global aerosol budget and its environmental impacts. This study presents simultaneous in-situ measurements of major ionic components (Cl, NO, SO, NH, K, Ca, Na, and Mg) in aerosols and gaseous species (HCl, HNO, HONO, SO, and NH) over the North Pacific Ocean from July 4 to 15 and September 19 to October 3, 2022. Using high temporal resolution instruments aboard the Republic of Korea's icebreaker research vessel Araon, this study aimed to (1) report the spatial and temporal distributions of aerosols and gaseous species, (2) estimate the source contributions of continental anthropogenic pollutants, and (3) assess the influence of aerosol chemical composition and gaseous species on aerosol acidity and water content.

Degradation of antibiotic pollutants and simultaneous CO capture over hollow MnO/light/peroxymonosulfate (PMS)-CaO system.

Antibiotic organic pollutants not only pose a significant threat to human health but also generate a large amount of carbon dioxide (CO) during the treatment process of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs). Herein, the antibiotics aqueous solution was firstly degraded and mineralized by light-assisted peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation over hollow manganese dioxide (MnO) catalyst and then the corresponding released CO was effectively captured by calcium oxide (CaO) particles in the same sealed reactor, achieving wastewater treatment with zero carbon releasing. Under simulated light conditions, hollow MnO is excited to generate electron-hole pairs.

Pharmacokinetic modeling of prenatal vitamin D exposure and the impact on offspring asthma and pulmonary function.

Gestational 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) is important in fetal lung development and may influence offspring respiratory outcomes, making accurate exposure assessment essential to understand clinical associations. Therefore, we used the combined data from two large RCTs investigating prenatal vitamin D supplementation, which included early and late prenatal 25(OH)D measurements, to refine a population pharmacokinetic model of vitamin D-25(OH)D and estimate individual area under the curve (AUC) Z-scores. The primary outcome was physician-diagnosed offspring asthma/wheezing at ages 3 and 6 years, and lung function, as a secondary outcome, was evaluated by spirometry at the ages 6 and 8 years.

Deep photocatalytic NO oxidation on ZnTi-LDH: Pivotal role of surface hydroxyls dynamic evolution.

Surface defect engineering has been regarded as an appealing strategy to improve photocatalytic performance, but defects are susceptible to inactivation and thus lose their function as active sites. In this study, we successfully tailored and identified the dynamic evolution of surface hydroxyl defects over ZnTi-layered double hydroxide (ZnTi-LDH) photocatalyst. The enrichment of surface hydroxyl electrons and the dynamic circulation of hydroxyl defects result in enhanced separation and transport capabilities of photogenerated carriers, thereby ensuring the perpetual activation of small molecules into •O and •OH.

Newly isolated bacterium and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus effectively reduce the root cadmium concentration and increase the root biomass of Ophiopogon japonicus.

Soil cadmium (Cd) contamination is one of the major challenges in food production. This has led to above-maximum threshold accumulation of Cd in O. japonicus roots.

Maternal urinary levels of PAH metabolites, umbilical cord blood telomere length and anthropometric indices in newborns.

The existing evidence indicating that prenatal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is associated with a range of adverse outcomes, including alterations in anthropometric indices, underscores the need for further investigation into the underlying mechanisms. This study aims to examine the effects of prenatal PAH exposure on anthropometric indices and telomere length (TL), as well as to explore whether changes in TL can serve as a predictor of alterations in anthropometric measures. The study was conducted in Shenyang, China, with 2460 pregnant women participating between 2022 and 2023.

Electrolyte reactivity on electrode surfaces for active species formation and Reactive Red X-3B degradation in electrochemical treatment of dyeing wastewater.

The pivotal role of electrolytes such as NaSO and NaCl in electrochemical treatment of dyeing wastewater was investigated by comparing recalcitrant Reactive Red X-3B (RRX-3B) degradation rates, active species formation and intermediates generation in a double-chamber cell. It was found that similar reactive oxygen species (ROS) formed in the anodic chamber are OH and O, in the cathodic chamber is O with different electrolytes, while this is not the case for ROS contribution, RRX-3B degradation kinetic and intermediates. NaCl favored the generation of O, faster decolorization (-N=N- cleavage), and organic intermediates degradation in the anodic chamber.

Maternal postpartum depression and children's emotional overeating: The mediating role of executive function.

Objectives: The literature shows connections between maternal depression, children's executive function (EF), and emotional overeating (EOE). This study examined the interplay between maternal postpartum depression, EF, and EOE. We hypothesized that higher levels of postpartum depression would lead to lower inhibition and emotional control and higher levels of EOE.

Two multifunctional zero-dimensional Gd(III) complexes: magnetocaloric effect and anticancer mechanisms for lung cancer.

Two Gd(III) complexes [GdL(HO)(NO)(CHOH)(CHCHOH)] (Gd1) and [Gd(OOCCH)L(HO)]•2(HO) (Gd2) (HL = 2-pyridylcarboxaldehyde isonicotinoylhydrazone) were synthesized with a Schiff base ligand. Crystallographic study reveals both Gd1 and Gd2 have a zero-dimensional mononuclear or binuclear structure. Magnetic investigations demonstrate that Gd1 and Gd2 exhibit potential magnetocaloric effects due to Gd(III) ions, which provide negligible magnetic anisotropy, and possess low-lying excited spin states.

Feasibility of a Mobile App-Based Cognitive-Behavioral Perinatal Skills Program: Protocol for Nonrandomized Pilot Trial.

Background: Mental illness is one of the top causes of preventable pregnancy-related deaths in the United States. There are many barriers that interfere with the ability of perinatal individuals to access traditional mental health care. Digital health interventions, including app-based programs, have the potential to increase access to useful tools for these individuals.

Rehabilomics Strategies Enabled by Cloud-Based Rehabilitation: Scoping Review.

Background: Rehabilomics, or the integration of rehabilitation with genomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and other "-omics" fields, aims to promote personalized approaches to rehabilitation care. Cloud-based rehabilitation offers streamlined patient data management and sharing and could potentially play a significant role in advancing rehabilomics research. This study explored the current status and potential benefits of implementing rehabilomics strategies through cloud-based rehabilitation.