Temperature-dependent viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) infection kinetics and immune response in primary olive flounder spleen cell culture and the host.

The replication and mortality caused by the viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) in fish vary depending on temperature. VHSV causes mortality at the temperatures below 15 °C, while infection is not established in olive flounder at temperatures above 25 °C. However, how VHSV infection manifests at the cellular level under different temperature conditions is not understood.

Carbon quantum dots modification reduces TiO nanoparticle toxicity in an aquatic food chain.

Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) are emerging as a promising zero-dimensional carbon nanomaterial with the potential to enhance the catalytic properties of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO NPs). Although CQDs modification alters the physicochemical properties of TiO NPs, the impact on their toxicity has been rarely explored. In this study, we investigated the effects of CQDs doping on the toxicity, bioaccumulation, and trophic transfer of TiO NPs using a representative aquatic food chain comprising phytoplankton (Scenedesmus obliquus), zooplankton (Daphnia magna), and fish (Danio rerio).

Irradiation and DOM mediate lead release from polyvinyl chloride microplastics in natural surface water.

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is a widely used plastic, but the potential risk of heavy metal additive release from PVC microplastics (MPs) has not been fully explored. This study evaluates the release of lead (Pb) from recycled PVC MPs under natural conditions. The released Pb concentration in the dark was 1079.

Not for everyone: Factors influencing who receives psychotherapy in people with multiple sclerosis.

Background: Although depression and anxiety are common in people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS), access to psychotherapy remains limited.

Objectives: This study aimed to identify clinical factors that predict use of psychotherapy among pwMS.

Methods: From a retrospective chart review of a tertiary neuropsychiatry clinic in Toronto, Canada, data were obtained for 267 pwMS who received neuropsychiatric treatment (either with antidepressants or psychotherapy).

Phase regulation of Ni(OH) nanosheets induced by W doping as self-supporting electrodes for boosted water electrolysis.

Developing high-performance and low-cost electrodes for hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions (HER and OER, respectively) represents a pivotal challenge in the field of water electrolysis. Herein, W doped NiFe LDH nanosheets (NiFe-W/NF) were immobilized on nickel foam (NF) through one-step corrosion engineering, which induced the coexistence of α-Ni(OH) and β-Ni(OH). The doping of large atomic radius W influenced the growth of crystal planes of Ni(OH), promoting the formation of α-Ni(OH), which results in large layer spaces and neatly arranged nanosheets structure.

Challenges in acute postoperative pain management in thoracic surgery.

Effective pain control is crucial in the management of thoracic surgical patients since it reduces postoperative morbidity and promotes recovery. These patients have co-existing respiratory diseases and impaired pulmonary function, which may be further impaired by surgery. With the adoption of minimally invasive surgical techniques and an emphasis on enhancing recovery after surgery, multimodal analgesia has gained popularity as a way to reduce perioperative opioid use and its associated adverse events such as respiratory depression.

Quantitative Estimation of Effective Brønsted Acid Sites of Silica-Supported HSiWO Heteropoly Acid for Adsorption of Various Molecules.

The amount of incorporation of linear alcohols and ethers in HSiWO·6HO (HSiW·6HO, 50 wt %) supported on silica (SiO) was estimated by a conventional volumetric method and infrared (IR) spectroscopy, and the state of involved molecules was elucidated. First, the attribution of the key IR band at 2200 cm, which was observed for the water of crystallization of HSiW·6HO, to HO species (protons) was verified by coincident observation of thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and IR spectroscopy during thermal treatment in addition to the isotope exchange with DO. The 2200 cm band was gradually decreased in intensity by increasing the amount of adsorption of pyridine and was totally consumed at saturation, while the volumetric method provided the accurate number of included pyridine molecules.

Scalable InGaN nanowire µ-LEDs: paving the way for next-generation display technology.

Ever-increasing demand for efficient optoelectronic devices with a small-footprinted on-chip light emitting diode has driven their expansion in self-emissive displays, from micro-electronic displays to large video walls. InGaN nanowires, with features like high electron mobility, tunable emission wavelengths, durability under high current densities, compact size, self-emission, long lifespan, low-power consumption, fast response, and impressive brightness, are emerging as the choice of micro-light emitting diodes (µLEDs). However, challenges persist in achieving high crystal quality and lattice-matching heterostructures due to composition tuning and bandgap issues on substrates with differing crystal structures and high lattice mismatches.

E-Cigarette switching and financial incentives to promote combustible cigarette cessation among adults accessing shelter services: A pilot study.

Background: Smoking prevalence among U.S. adults experiencing homelessness is ≥70 %.

Shared Genetic Architecture Between COVID-19 Severity and Alzheimer's Disease Across European and African Ancestries.

The global outbreak of COVID-19, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, has been linked to long-term neurological complications, including an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) among older adults. However, the precise genetic impact of COVID-19 on long-term AD development remains unclear. This study leveraged genome-wide association study (GWAS) data and genotype data to explore the genetic association between AD and various COVID-19 phenotypes across European ancestry (EA) and African ancestry (AA) cohorts, and the possibility of a causal effect of COVID-19 on AD.

A new pipeline SPICE identifies novel JUN-IKZF1 composite elements.

Transcription factor partners can cooperatively bind to DNA composite elements to augment gene transcription. Here, we report a novel protein-DNA binding screening pipeline, termed Spacing Preference Identification of Composite Elements (SPICE), that can systematically predict protein binding partners and DNA motif spacing preferences. Using SPICE, we successfully identified known composite elements, such as AP1-IRF composite elements (AICEs) and STAT5 tetramers, and also uncovered several novel binding partners, including JUN-IKZF1 composite elements.

Enabling immune checkpoint blockade efficacy in T-lymphopenia by restoring CD8 T cell dynamics with IL-7 cytokine therapy.

Introduction: T-lymphopenia (TLP) is a frequently observed condition in cancer patients, often exacerbated by conventional chemo/radiotherapy, which impairs the efficacy of subsequent immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy. This study aimed to understand the impact of TLP on ICB responsiveness and explore potential therapeutic strategies to enhance antitumor immunity.

Methods: To investigate ICB responsiveness depending on the severity of TLP, first, we established TLP mouse models that mimic clinically observed mild and severe TLP through thymectomy and anti-Thy1-induced peripheral T cell depletion.

Cutoffs on severity metrics for minimal manifestations or better status in patients with generalized myasthenia gravis.

International consensus guidance and Japanese clinical guidelines for myasthenia gravis (MG) recommend achieving minimal manifestations or better status (MM-or-better) as the severity component of the treatment goal. However, the subjective nature of determining MM can result in ambiguity regarding this category in clinical practice and clinical trials. This study analyzed severity metrics in a large number of MG patients to propose criteria for MM-or-better.

The role of brainstem biopsy and targeted therapies in pediatric diffuse midline glioma/diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma.

Pediatric diffuse midline glioma (DMG), including diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG), are aggressive brainstem tumors with a dire prognosis, traditionally diagnosed based on MRI characteristics. The recognition that molecular characteristics may determine prognosis and response to therapy has led to a reevaluation of biopsy necessity. This comprehensive review addresses the evolving role of brainstem biopsies in diagnosing and managing these tumors - both within the context of a clinical trial and in routine clinical care.

Corrigendum to "Image-guided superficial radiation therapy has superior 2-year recurrence probability to Mohs micrographic surgery" [Clin. Transl. Radiat. Oncol. 43 (2023) 100678].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.ctro.

A concept analysis of the recurrence-related to diabetic foot ulcers.

Background And Purpose: There is inconsistency and lack of conceptual clarity regarding the concept of "recurrence" in diabetes-related foot ulcers. Therefore, the purpose of this concept analysis is to analyze the concept of recurrence-related to diabetes-related foot ulcer after the healing of a previous foot ulcer.

Method: The Rodger's evolutionary concept analysis method was employed to analyze the concept of recurrence in diabetes-related foot ulcers.

Differentiated Modulating the Electronic Structure of NiFe@Ni/Fe-MnOx via Phase Transformation Engineering to Synergy Promote Bifunctional Water Splitting Reactions.

Modulating electronic structure to balance the requirement of both hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is crucial for developing bifunctional catalysts. Herein, phase transformation engineering is utilized to separately regulate catalyst structure, and the designed NiFe@Ni/Fe-MnOOH schottky heterojunction exhibits remarkable bifunctional electrocatalytic activity with low overpotentials of 19 and 230 mV at 10 mA cm for HER and OER in 1M KOH, respectively. Meanwhile, an anion-exchange membrane water electrolyzer employing NiFe@Ni/Fe-MnOOH as electrodes shows low voltages of 1.

Gaps and Similarities in Research Use LOINC Codes Utilized in Korean University Hospitals: Towards Semantic Interoperability for Patient Care.

Background: The accuracy of Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes (LOINC) mappings is reportedly low, and the LOINC codes used for research purposes in Korea have not been validated for accuracy or usability. Our study aimed to evaluate the discrepancies and similarities in interoperability using existing LOINC mappings in actual patient care settings.

Methods: We collected data on local test codes and their corresponding LOINC mappings from seven university hospitals.

Spontaneous Resolution of the Fe(CO) Anion and Inclusion of Chiral Guest Molecules in BEDT-TTF Radical-Cation Salts.

We report the synthesis of three radical-cation salts of BEDT-TTF from racemic tris(oxalato)ferrate by electrocrystallization in the presence of chiral molecules. In the presence of enantiopure l-(+)-tartaric acid, we observe spontaneous resolution of the labile tris(oxalato)ferrate anion to produce the chiral radical-cation salt α-(BEDT-TTF)[Δ-Fe(CO)].[l-(+)-tartaric acid] which contains only the Δ enantiomer of Fe(CO).

Rapid Amplification and Detection of Single-Stranded Nucleic Acids for Point-of-Care Diagnosis.

Nucleic acid detection plays a crucial role in various applications, including disease diagnostics, research development, food safety, and environmental health monitoring. A rapid, point-of-care (POC) nucleic acid test can greatly benefit healthcare system by providing timely diagnosis for effective treatment and patient management, as well as supporting diseases surveillance for emerging pandemic diseases. Recent advancements in nucleic acids technology have led to rapid assays for single-stranded nucleic acids that can be integrated into simple and miniaturized platforms for ease of use.

Metagenomic characterization of oral microbiome signatures to predict upper gastrointestinal and pancreaticobiliary cancers: a case-control study.

Background: This study investigated the oral microbiome signatures associated with upper gastrointestinal (GI) and pancreaticobiliary cancers.

Methods: Saliva samples from cancer patients and age- and sex-matched healthy controls were analyzed using 16S rRNA-targeted sequencing, followed by comprehensive bioinformatics analysis.

Results: Significant dissimilarities in microbial composition were observed between cancer patients and controls across esophageal cancer (EC), gastric cancer (GC), biliary tract cancer (BC), and pancreatic cancer (PC) groups (R = 0.

Benchmarking Alzheimer's disease prediction: personalised risk assessment using polygenic risk scores across various methodologies and genome-wide studies.

Background: The success of selecting high risk or early-stage Alzheimer's disease individuals for the delivery of clinical trials depends on the design and the appropriate recruitment of participants. Polygenic risk scores (PRS) show potential for identifying individuals at risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Our study comprehensively examines AD PRS utility using various methods and models.

Fusarium oxysporum assisted green synthesis of small-sized silver nanoparticles for high antibacterial, and photocatalytic decolorization performances.

Background: Novel platforms using nanotechnology-based medicines have exponentially increased in our daily lives. The unique characteristics of metal oxide and noble metals nanoparticles make them suitable for different fields including antimicrobial agents, cosmetics, textiles, wound dressings, and anticancer drug carriers.

Methods: This study focuses on the biosynthesis of small-sized SNPs using exo-metabolites of Fusarium oxysporum via bioprocess optimization using Plackett-Burman (PBD) and central composite designs (CCD) while evaluating their multifaceted bioactivities.