Frail Older Adults With High Anticholinergic Burden are at Risk of Orthostatic Hypotension.

Objectives: Frailty has been shown to be linked with orthostatic hypotension (OH) in older adults, but the role of anticholinergic drugs in this relationship never has been explored. The purpose of this was to examine the relationship between anticholinergic burden (ACB) and OH in frail older adults living in the community and to examine whether this association differs according to polypharmacy.

Design: A cross-sectional study.

Factors Associated with Pediatric Drowning-Associated Lung Injury.

Objective: To identify risk factors for clinically-important drowning-associated lung injury (ciDALI) in children.

Study Design: This was a cross-sectional study of children (0 through18 years) who presented to 32 pediatric emergency departments (EDs) from 2010 through 2017. We reviewed demographics, comorbidities, prehospital data, chest radiographs reports, and ED course from emergency medical services, medical, and fatality records.

Early Patching Behaviors that Improve the Chances of Good Visual Acuity in Children Treated for Unilateral Congenital Cataract.

Objective: Achieving near normal vision following unilateral congenital cataract surgery is possible but requires early surgery, optical correction and consistent patching. Patching is often challenging for children and their caregivers. The goal of these analyses is to examine the association between reported consistency in patching during the first year after surgery and visual acuity.

Total Serum Immunoglobulin E in a Cohort of Children with Food Allergy.

Background: Total serum immunoglobulin E (TsIgE) has not been examined in children with food allergy.

Objective: Evaluate associations of TsIgE with patient, household, environmental and community-level characteristics among children with food allergy.

Method: Linear mixed effect models of data from 398 Black and/or African American (B/AA) and White and/or European American (W/EA) children with allergist-diagnosed food allergy from the multi-center, observational cohort FORWARD; TsIgE in kU/L was the primary outcome measure.

Synthesis of gum acacia-cl-acrylic acid-co-itaconic acid hydrogels for efficient removal of toxic dye rhodamine-B: A step for sustainable environment.

In the present study, we prepared Gum Acacia-cl-Acrylic acid-co-itaconic acid (GA-cl-AA-co-IA) hydrogels by free radical crosslink polymerization method for the efficient removal of Rhodamine-B (RhB) dye. The hydrogels were further characterized by different characterization techniques: Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Atomic force microscopy (AFM), Brunuer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) to confirm synthesis. The synthesis parameters were optimized by swelling studies, which were performed by gravimetric analysis method.

Synthesis and antibacterial study of anhydrotetracycline derivatives.

A novel and new type of tetracycline with a different mechanism of action was necessary, due to the drug resistance of existing tetracyclines. This study outlines the synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of anhydro-tetracycline derivatives, which are unconventional tetracyclines with unique mechanisms of action. These derivatives include C4-NH, C4-OH, and C9-substituted variations, and our synthetic approach focuses on semi-synthesis using natural tetracyclines as the starting precursors.

Theoretical insights into fluorescent properties and ESIPT behavior of novel flavone-based fluorophore and its thiol and thione derivatives.

For the typical ESIPT process, the proton transfer process is often completed via the intramolecular hydrogen bond (IHB) with oxygen or nitrogen as proton donor or proton acceptor. In recent years, the ESIPT process for sulfur-containing hydrogen bonds has received more and more attention, but it has been rarely reported. We systematically studied the ESIPT processes and photophysical properties of 2-(benzothiophene-2-yl)-3-hydroxy-4H-chromen-4-one (BTOH), 2-(benzothiophene-2-yl)-3-mercapto-4H-chromen-4-one (BTSH) and 2-(benzothiophen-2-yl)-3-hydroxy-4H-chromene-4-thione (BTS) at the HISSbPBE/6-31+G(d,p) and TD-HISSbPBE/6-31+G(d,p) computational level.

Janus PEGylated CuS-engineered Lactobacillus casei combats biofilm infections via metabolic interference and innate immunomodulation.

Bacterial implant-associated infections predominantly contribute to the failure of prosthesis implantation. The local biofilm microenvironment (BME), characterized by its hyperacidic condition and high hydrogen peroxide (HO) level, inhibits the host's immune response, thereby facilitating recurrent infections. Here, a Janus PEGylated CuS nanoparticle (CuPen) armed engineered Lactobacillus casei (L.

Real-time detection of gaseous isotopic water molecules via photoinduced associative ionization mass spectrometry: Direct identification realized by distinctive mass spectrum patterns.

The real-time detection of gaseous HO and its typical isotopic molecules, e.g., HO, DO, HDO, and HTO, is highly desirable in many fundamental scientific studies and practical monitoring, such as mechanistic studies of HO-involved chemical reactions and radiation risk warning of abnormal HTO emissions.

Developing photoactivated artificial enzymes for sustainable fuel production.

Enzymes catalyze molecular reactions with remarkable efficiency and selectivity under mild conditions. Photoactivated enzymes make use of a light-absorbing chromophore to drive chemical transformations, ideally using sunlight as an energy source. The direct attachment of a chromophore to native enzymes is advantageous, as information on the underlying catalytic mechanisms can be obtained.

Fibrous MoS/BiS/BiFeO ternary heterojunction boosts piezoelectric photocatalytic performance.

Photocatalytic removal of antibiotic such as ciprofloxacin from polluted water is of great value for eco-environment protection. To further enhance the piezoelectric effect in photocatalysis, we designed and synthesized a ternary heterojunction piezoelectric photocatalyst through uniformly loading MoS nanosheets onto BiFeO (BFO) nanofibers, namely MoS/BiS/BFO. Piezoresponse force microscopy and Kelvin probe force microscopy demonstrated its enhanced piezoelectric properties, showing a maximum amplitude displacement of 395.

Coherent Changes in Neural Motor Network Activity during Levodopa-Induced Dyskinesia in a Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease.

Background: Long-term use of levodopa, a metabolic precursor of dopamine (DA) for alleviation of motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD), can cause a serious side effect known as levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID). With the development of LID, high-frequency gamma oscillations (~100 Hz) are registered in the motor cortex (MCx) in patients with PD and rats with experimental PD. Studying alterations in the activity within major components of motor networks during transition from levodopa-off state to dyskinesia can provide useful information about their contribution to the development of abnormal gamma oscillations and LID.

Is the Reaction Rate Coefficient for OH + HO → HO + O Dependent on Water Vapor?

A critical reaction affecting the oxidation chemistry in the middle-to-upper atmosphere occurs between hydroxyl (OH) and hydroperoxyl (HO). The reaction rate coefficient for OH + HO → HO + O, here called , has challenged laboratory kineticists for 50 years. However, several measurements from the past 30 years had approached a rough consensus until the publication of a new study that examined, for the first time, the water vapor dependence of this reaction.

Discovery of Spirosnuolides A-D, Type I/III Hybrid Polyketide Spiro-Macrolides for a Chemotherapeutic Lead against Lung Cancer.

Four new macrolides, spirosnuolides A-D (-, respectively), were discovered from the termite nest-derived sp. INHA29. Spirosnuolides A-D are 18-membered macrolides sharing an embedded [6,6]-spiroketal functionality inside the macrocycle and are conjugated with structurally uncommon side chains featuring cyclopentenone, 1,4-benzoquinone, hydroxyfuroic acid, or butenolide moieties.

A Chimeric Peptide for Shielding Plant Photosynthetic Systems against Excess Light Stress via Chloroplast-Targeted ROS Quenching.

The ability to quench reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduced in plant chloroplasts under light stress conditions is essential for securing plant photosynthetic performance and agricultural yield. Although genetic engineering can enhance plant stress resistance, its widespread application faces limitations due to challenges in successful transformation across plant species and public acceptance concerns. This study proposes a nontransgenic chemical approach using a designed chimeric peptide that scavenges ROS within plant chloroplasts for managing light stress.

Longitudinal trends and predictors of limitations in activities of daily living in community-dwelling older adults: evidence from the KLoSA study.

Background: As life expectancy increases, the number of older adults with functional limitations is also increasing. Functional limitations are associated with adverse health outcomes such as reduced independence, diminished quality of life (QoL), and disability. Therefore, identifying which activities of daily living (ADLs) are limiting and understanding the influencing factors are crucial for developing tailored interventions.

Research progress of gut microbiome and diabetic nephropathy.

Diabetic nephropathy is an important complication of diabetic microvascular injury, and it is also an important cause of end-stage renal disease. Its high prevalence and disability rate significantly impacts patients' quality of life while imposing substantial social and economic burdens. Gut microbiota affects host metabolism, multiple organ functions, and regulates host health throughout the life cycle.

Three-dimensional models: from cell culture to Patient-Derived Organoid and its application to future liposarcoma research.

Liposarcoma is one of the most common soft tissue sarcomas, however, its occurrence rate is still rare compared to other cancers. Due to its rarity, experiments are an essential approach to elucidate liposarcoma pathobiology. Conventional cell culture-based research (2D cell culture) is still playing a pivotal role, while several shortcomings have been recently under discussion.

Myo-inositol improves developmental competence and reduces oxidative stress in porcine parthenogenetic embryos.

Objective: Myo-inositol (Myo-Ins), the most abundant form of inositol, is an antioxidant and plays a crucial role in the development and reproduction of mammals and humans. However, information elucidating the role of Myo-Ins in porcine embryonic development after parthenogenetic activation (PA) is still lacking. Therefore, we investigated the effect of Myo-Ins on porcine embryos and its underlying mechanisms.

A high-throughput, turbulent-mixing, condensation aerosol concentrator for direct aerosol collection as a liquid suspension.

Trace measurement of aerosol chemical composition in workplace atmospheres requires the development of high-throughput aerosol collectors that are compact, hand-portable, and can be operated using personal pumps. We describe the design and characterization of a compact, high flow, Turbulent-mixing Condensation Aerosol-in-Liquid Concentrator (TCALC) that allows direct collection of aerosols as liquid suspensions, for off-line chemical, biological, or microscopy analysis. The TCALC unit, measuring approximately 12 × 16 × 18 cm, operates at an aerosol sample flowrate of up to 10 L min, using rapid mixing of a hot flow saturated with water vapor and a cold aerosol sample flow, thereby promoting condensational growth of aerosol particles.

Quorum sensing signals of the grapevine crown gall bacterium, sp. Rr2-17: use of inducible expression and polymeric resin to sequester acyl-homoserine lactones.

Background: A grapevine crown gall tumor strain, sp. strain Rr2-17 was previously reported to accumulate copious amounts of diverse quorum sensing signals during growth. Genome sequencing identified a single luxI homolog in strain Rr2-17, suggesting that it may encode for a AHL synthase with broad substrate range, pending functional validation.

Effect of randomized treatment withdrawal of budesonide oral suspension on clinically relevant efficacy outcomes in patients with eosinophilic esophagitis: a post hoc analysis.

Background: Relapse after corticosteroid withdrawal in eosinophilic esophagitis is not well understood.

Objectives: Budesonide oral suspension (BOS) 2.0 mg twice daily (b.

Look above the IRP: predicting abnormal confirmatory testing in patients with esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction.

Background: Esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction (EGJOO) is a manometric diagnosis based on Chicago Classification version 4.0 (CC4.0) that requires confirmatory testing for clinical relevancy.