The Validity and Usability of Markerless Motion Capture and Inertial Measurement Units for Quantifying Dynamic Movements.

Purpose: Motion capture technology is quickly evolving providing researchers, clinicians, and coaches with more access to biomechanics data. Markerless motion capture and inertial measurement units (IMUs) are continually developing biomechanics tools that need validation for dynamic movements before widespread use in applied settings. This study evaluated the validity of a markerless motion capture, IMU, and red, green, blue, and depth (RGBD) camera system as compared to marker-based motion capture during countermovement jumps, overhead squats, lunges, and runs with cuts.

Iron-sulfur cluster redox chemistry and dimer dissociation in the outer mitochondrial membrane protein, mitoNEET.

The outer mitochondrial membrane protein known as mitoNEET was discovered when it was labeled by a photoaffinity derivative of the anti-diabetes medication, pioglitazone. The biological role for mitoNEET and its specific mechanism for achieving this remains an active subject for research. There is accumulating evidence suggesting that mitoNEET could be a component of mitochondrial FeS cofactor biogenesis.

Dorsoradial ligament reconstruction versus imbrication for restoring trapeziometacarpal joint stability: a comparative biomechanical study.

The unique saddle articulation of the trapeziometacarpal joint allows for a wide range of motion necessary for routine function of the thumb. Inherently unstable characteristics of the joint can lead painful instability. In this study, we modified a surgical dorsal ligament reconstruction technique for restoring trapeziometacarpal joint stability.

Knockdown of an ATP-binding cassette transporter in resistant western corn rootworm larvae partially reverses resistance to eCry3.1Ab protein.

The western corn rootworm (WCR), Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte, has evolved resistance to nearly every management tactic utilized in the field. This study investigated the resistance mechanisms in a WCR strain resistant to the Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) protein eCry3.1Ab using dsRNA to knockdown WCR midgut genes previously documented to be associated with the resistance.

Perioperative Benzodiazepine Exposure Impacts Risk of New Persistent Benzodiazepine Use Among Patients with Cancer.

Background: Benzodiazepines are the third most misused medication, with many patients having their first exposure during a surgical episode. We sought to characterize factors associated with new persistent benzodiazepine use (NPBU) among patients undergoing cancer surgery.

Patients And Methods: Patients who underwent cancer surgery between 2013 and 2021 were identified using the IBM-MarketScan database.

Retrospective multidisciplinary analysis of human alveolar echinococcosis in Hungary using spatial epidemiology approaches.

Human alveolar echinococcosis (HAE), which is caused by the larval stage of the Echinococcus multilocularis tapeworm, is an increasing healthcare issue in Hungary. Among the 40 known cases in the country, 25 were detected in the last five years. Our study aimed to reveal the geographically underlying risk factors associated potentially with these cases.

Apical-out intestinal organoids as an alternative model for evaluating deoxynivalenol toxicity and Lactobacillus detoxification in bovine.

Small intestinal organoids are similar to actual small intestines in structure and function and can be used in various fields, such as nutrition, disease, and toxicity research. However, the basal-out type is difficult to homogenize because of the diversity of cell sizes and types, and the Matrigel-based culture conditions. Contrastingly, the apical-out form of small intestinal organoids is relatively uniform and easy to manipulate without Matrigel.

The role of C-reactive protein and ferritin in the diagnosis of HLH, adult-onset still's disease, and COVID-19 cytokine storm.

Cytokine storm syndromes such as hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), Adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD), and COVID-19 cytokine storm (CCS) are characterized by markedly elevated inflammatory cytokines. However clinical measurement of serum cytokines is not widely available. This study examined the clinical utility of C-reactive protein (CRP) and ferritin, two inexpensive and widely available inflammatory markers, for distinguishing HLH from AOSD and CCS.

Synergizing quantum techniques with machine learning for advancing drug discovery challenge.

The Quantum Computing for Drug Discovery Challenge, held at the 42nd International Conference on Computer-Aided Design (ICCAD) in 2023, was a multi-month, research-intensive competition. Over 70 teams from more than 65 organizations from 12 different countries registered, focusing on the use of quantum computing for drug discovery. The challenge centered on designing algorithms to accurately estimate the ground state energy of molecules, specifically OH+, using quantum computing techniques.

Risk factors for metabolic syndrome in the premetabolic state assessed using hierarchical clustering study in a health screening group.

Early detection of a premetabolic status that is at risk for metabolic syndrome (MetS) but not meeting the criteria is crucial. This study examined 27,623 participants aged 20-50 (mean: 40.7) years who underwent initial health screening at Kangbuk Samsung Hospital (2011-2019), focusing on individuals with one or two MetS components.

Impact of percutaneous left atrial appendage occlusion on the severity of ischemic stroke.

Background: Percutaneous left atrial appendage occlusion (pLAAO) presents an alternative to anticoagulation (AC) for stroke prophylaxis in atrial fibrillation (Afib) patients with high bleeding risk. pLAAO was associated with lower rates of disabling stroke which was mainly attributed to the reduction of hemorrhagic stroke (HS). Little is known about the impact of pLAAO on the severity of ischemic strokes which we sought to study.

Should endoscopic submucosal dissection be offered to patients with early colorectal cancer?

Background: Endoscopic submucosal dissection is increasingly used to treat early-stage colorectal cancer. This study evaluated the feasibility of endoscopic submucosal dissection in this setting and the determinants of lymph node metastasis.

Methods: We reviewed patients who underwent colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection for early-stage colorectal cancer at a tertiary center between 2011 and 2023.

Biocatalytic oxyfunctionalization of unsaturated fatty acids to oxygenated chemicals via hydroxy fatty acids.

The selective oxyfunctionalization of unsaturated fatty acids is difficult in chemical reactions, whereas regio- and stereoselective oxyfunctionalization is often performed in biocatalytic synthesis. Fatty acid oxygenases, including hydratases, lipoxygenases, dioxygenases, diol synthases, cytochrome P450 monooxygenases, peroxygenases, and 12-hydroxylases, are used to convert C16 and C18 unsaturated fatty acids to diverse regio- and stereoselective mono-, di-, and trihydroxy fatty acids via selective oxyfunctionalization. The formed hydroxy fatty acids or hydroperoxy fatty acids are metabolized to industrially important oxygenated chemicals such as lactones, green leaf volatiles, and bioplastic monomers, including ω-hydroxy fatty acids, α,ω-dicarboxylic acids, and fatty alcohols, by biocatalysts.

The Impact of the COVID-19 Public Health Crisis on the Surgical Management of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Rupture.

Objectives: The COVID-19 epidemic introduced significant systems- and disease-based uncertainty into Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) rupture management. The goal of this work was to evaluate whether short-term AAA rupture outcomes during COVID-19 were comparable to pre-COVID era outcomes and to explore the impact of COVID status and COVID era healthcare systems restrictions on AAA rupture outcomes.

Methods: The Vascular Quality Initiative (VQI) database was queried for all ruptured AAAs that underwent intervention from January 1, 2019 to August 31, 2022.

Understanding of enhanced nitrate in fine particles at agricultural sites in summer with high ammonia level.

Nitrate is one of the major constituents of fine particles and has not been effectively alleviated in Northeast Asia. Field measurements of various gases and the chemical composition of fine particles were conducted at two agricultural sites (cropland and livestock) in ammonia-rich environments to understand the effect of ammonia on nitric acid-nitrate partitioning using a thermodynamic model and to suggest a possible strategy to control total nitrate (i.e.

Unique infrared thermographic profiles and altered hypothalamic neurochemistry associated with mortality in endotoxic shock.

Neonatal sepsis results in significant morbidity and mortality, but early detection is clinically challenging. In a neonatal rat model of endotoxic shock, we identified unique infrared thermographic (IRT) profiles in skin temperature that could identify risk of later mortality. Ten-day old rats were placed in a thermally stable isolette and IRT images of cranial (T), scapula (T) and rump (T) skin temperature were obtained continuously for 8 h following an intraperitoneal injection of LPS (or saline).

Development and characterization of bigel systems as carriers for thyme essential oil utilizing hydrogel from chicken processing by-products for food applications.

A chicken protein hydrogel (HG) was enzymatically prepared and blended with a carnauba wax-based oleogel (OG) to form bigels (BG) in ratios of 50:50 to 90:10. These systems were infused with thyme essential oil (TEO) at 0.5 %, 1 %, and 2 % v/v to harness its antioxidant properties.

Enhancing toxicity prediction for natural products in herbal medicine and dietary supplements: Integrating (Q)STR models and in vitro assays.

New approach methods (NAMs) are required to predict human toxicity effectively, particularly due to limitations in conducting in vivo studies. While NAMs have been established for various industries, such as cosmetics, pesticides, and drugs, their applications in natural products (NPs) are lacking. NPs' complexity (multiple ingredients and structural differences from synthetic compounds) complicates NAM development.

Mycovirome of Diaporthe helianthi and D. gulyae, causal agents of Phomopsis stem canker of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.).

Diaporthe gulyae and D. helianthi cause Phomopsis stem canker, which is a yield-limiting fungal disease of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) in the United States.

Changes in Patent Ductus Arteriosus Management and Outcomes in Infants Born at 26 to 28 Weeks' Gestation.

Objective: To investigate the association between the secular decrease in treatment of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA ) and trends in neonatal mortality and morbidity in infants born at 26 0/7 to 28 6/7 weeks' gestation.

Study Design: A retrospective cohort study including infants born between 2012 and 2021 in continually participating hospitals in the NICHD Neonatal Research Network. The primary composite outcome was defined as surgical necrotizing enterocolitis, grade 2-3 bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), severe intraventricular hemorrhage, or death.

35kDa SPECIFIC-SIZED HYALURONAN AMELIORATES HIGH-FAT DIET-INDUCED LIVER INJURY IN MURINE MODEL OF MODERATE OBESITY.

Obesity is a growing concern in the US and world-wide, associated with an increased risk for several cardiometabolic diseases, including metabolic associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Currently, therapeutic interventions to prevent and/or treat MASLD are limited, and research is needed to identify new therapeutic targets. The specific-sized 35kDa fragment of hyaluronan (HA35), has gut protective and anti-inflammatory properties and a previous pilot clinical study reported it is well tolerated in healthy individuals.

Looking at the albumin-drug binding via partitioning in aqueous two-phase system.

The partition coefficient of human serum albumin (HSA) was analyzed in the PEG600-Dex70, 0.15 M NaCl/KCl in 0.01 M Na/K phosphate buffer, pH 7.

Hydroxylated magnetic microporous organic network for efficient magnetic solid phase extraction of trace triazine herbicides.

Here we covalently constructed abundant long-chain hydroxyl groups-functionalized magnetic microporous organic networks (MMON-2OH) for detection of eight Triazine herbicides (THs) in honey and water samples. MMON-2OH owned a high surface area (287.86 m²/g), enhanced water compatibility, and increased exposure of long-chain hydroxyl groups, which significantly improved enrichment capacity for THs.

Is endoscopic submucosal dissection safe in the management of early-stage colorectal cancers?

Background: Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is increasingly being adopted for the treatment of early-stage colorectal cancer (CRC) lesions.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed patients with early-stage CRC treated between 2015 and 2023, using ESD and colectomy databases, categorizing them into three groups: ESD only (n ​= ​24), oncological colorectal resection (OCR) only (n ​= ​90), and OCR after ESD (n ​= ​59). We compared pathological and oncological outcomes among these groups.

Current Challenges in Neurocritical Care: A Narrative Review.

Neurocritical care as a field aims to treat patients who are neurologically critically ill due to a variety of pathologies. As a recently developed subspecialty, the field faces challenges, several of which are outlined in this review. The authors discuss aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, status epilepticus, and traumatic brain injury as specific disease processes with opportunities for growth in diagnosis, management, and treatment, as well as disorders of consciousness that can arise as a result of many neurological injuries.