Synthesis of waterborne polyurethane-carboxymethyl chitosan cross-linked biodegradable bio-based porous materials for the adsorption of methylene blue.

The development of green and cost-effective biomass adsorbents is necessary for removing large amounts of dyes from wastewater. In this study, polyurethane prepolymers were synthesized using polycaprolactone diol (OH-PCL-OH), isophorone diisocyanate, and 2,2-dihydroxymethylpropionic acid, which were subsequently dispersed in aqueous carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) solution to produce waterborne polyurethane (WPU)-CMCS porous materials. The adsorbent was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR), thermogravimetric (TGA) and mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP).

Enhancement of neurogenesis and antidepressant-like efficacy through combined activation of Sigma-1 and 5-HT1A receptors: focus on Sigma-1-5-HT1A heteroreceptor complex.

The sigma-1 receptor (S1R) attracts significant interests as a potential target for rapid-onset antidepressant-like effects, particularly due to its capacity to swiftly stimulate serotonergic neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN). However, the precise regulatory mechanism involved remains unclear. Therefore, this study aims to examine the interaction between the selective S1R agonist, SA-4503 and 8-OH-DPAT, a serotonin1A (5-HT1A) receptor agonist, in mice with depressive-like behavior induced by chronic restraint stress (CRS).

Comprehensive Extractables and Leachables Sensitization Analysis and Practical Application of a Risk-Based Approach to Sensitization Assessment for Parenteral Drug Products.

The Extractables and Leachables Safety Information Exchange (ELSIE) Consortium added to the sensitization potency analysis of Parris et al. (2023) by including the Product Quality Research Institute (PQRI) extractable and leachable dataset (Johnson et al., 2024; Product Quality Research Institute, 2021).

In-vivo high-resolution χ-separation at 7T.

A recently introduced quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) technique, χ-separation, offers the capability to separate paramagnetic (χ) and diamagnetic (χ) susceptibility distribution within the brain. In-vivo high-resolution mapping of iron and myelin distribution, estimated by χ-separation, could provide a deeper understanding of brain substructures, assisting the investigation of their functions and alterations. This can be achieved using 7T MRI, which benefits from a high signal-to-noise ratio and susceptibility effects.

Outcome measures in rodent models for spinal cord injury and their human correlates.

Pre-clinical research is intended to inform clinical research, however, communication between these researchers is lacking. A better understanding of what can be learned from animal and human models and what cannot, is essential. This includes a better understanding of where underlying constructs in outcome measures in rodents and humans align and where they diverge to improve dialogue between human and animal researchers.

Comparison of individualized facial growth prediction models using artificial intelligence and partial least squares based on the Mathews growth collection.

Objectives: To develop facial growth prediction models using artificial intelligence (AI) under various conditions, and to compare performance of these models with each other as well as with the partial least squares (PLS) growth prediction model.

Materials And Methods: Longitudinal lateral cephalograms from 33 subjects in the Mathews growth collection were utilized. A total of 1257 pairs of before and after growth lateral cephalograms were included.

An agar hydrogel-CuNPs/N@CQDs dual-mode colorimetric/fluorescent indicator for non-destructive monitoring of banana ripening.

A colorimetric-fluorescence ripeness indicator, based on copper nanoparticles and carbon quantum dots doped with nitrogen (CuNPs/N@CQD) immobilized in agar hydrogel (AGH-CuNPs/N@CQDs) for ethylene gas detection, was developed for detecting the ripening of bananas. Ethylene could reduce the fluorescence intensity of CuNPs/N@CQDs and cause a red shift of the LSPR peak. The prepared AGH-CuNPs/N@CQDs indicator had an irreversible response to ethylene with LOD and LOQ of 9.

Pervious concrete for treatment of acid mine drainage: Neutralization of pH and removal of dissolved iron, aluminum, manganese, and copper.

Pervious concrete has shown potential in neutralizing wastewater and stormwater, and this study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of pervious concrete at removing heavy metals and neutralizing acid from an AMD source. The removal of aluminum, manganese, iron, and copper from natural and synthetic AMD sources by pervious concrete cubes at beaker scale was tracked. Pervious concrete cylinders were also used to model length requirements for a permeable reactive barrier to treat field-scale AMD.

Health risk assessment of potential heavy metals bioaccumulation in specialty crops grown in farm soils amended with dredged material.

This research examined the potential human health risk associated with heavy metal bioaccumulation in specialty crops (lettuce, tomato, carrot) grown in soils amended with dredged material (DM) from the Toledo Harbor in Ohio, USA. The specialty crops were chosen to expand the scope of the study of dredged material, especially in Northwest Ohio. Previous studies have been focused on corn and soybeans, which are the major crops planted in the area.

The metabolome of Sphingobium chinhatense IP26 exposed to chlorinated paraffins - Efficient data analysis with RASER.

The universe of possible chloro-paraffin (CP) structures is a complex one. Even the world of short-chain CPs (SCCPs) is large, containing thousands of constitutional isomers and stereoisomers. We investigated a technical SCCP mixture (Hordalub 80, Vantage Leuna, m = 56%) and found 33 CP-homologues in this material with carbon- (n) and chlorine-numbers (n) varying from 10 to 13 and 4-12, respectively.

MOF-derived FeCe@Carbon catalysts for the efficient tetracycline degradation by activated persulfate: Preparation and mechanistic study.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) derived materials are extensively utilized in wastewater treatment owing to their remarkable catalytic efficacy and durability. This study exploited iron-cerium-based bimetallic metal-organic framework (FeCe-MOF) as a sacrificial template, which was subsequently calcined at 700 °C to produce an iron-cerium-based bimetallic carbon nanospheres (FeCe@C). The FeCe@C has active sites of bimetallic Fe and Ce derivatives, demonstrating exceptional activation efficiency for persulfate, resulting in approximately 98.

Overcoming Fe(III) precipitation barrier in acid mine drainage via a visible light-assisted photo-electrochemical system.

Acid mine drainage (AMD) is characterized by high concentrations of Fe(II) and Fe(III), which can be harnessed for the in-situ formation of schwertmannite, enabling the efficient immobilization of toxic heavy metals. However, existing biological and chemical methods for schwertmannite synthesis face significant challenges, including low Fe(II) oxidation rates and particularly limited Fe(III) precipitation efficiency in acidic environments. In this study, we develop a visible light-assisted photo-electrochemical (PEC) system that effectively overcomes these barriers.

Long-term, continuous, subcutaneous levodopa/carbidopa infusion with ND0612 in Parkinson's disease: 3-year outcomes from the open-label BeyoND study.

Introduction: ND0612 is being investigated as a continuous, subcutaneous levodopa/carbidopa infusion, in combination with oral levodopa/carbidopa, for motor fluctuations in Parkinson's disease (PD). One-year data from the ongoing BeyoND study (NCT02726386) showed that the ND0612 regimen was safe and well tolerated and provided a sustained ≥2-h improvement in daily Good ON-time through 12 months of treatment.

Methods: We describe 3-year safety and efficacy outcomes for participants who completed 12 months of ND0612 treatment in the core study period and entered the extension phase.

Temporal properties of transcutaneous direct current motor conduction block.

Direct current (DC) electrical block of peripheral nerve conduction shows promise for clinical applications to treat spasticity, pain, and cardiac arrhythmias. Most previous work has used invasive nerve cuffs. Here we investigate the potential of non-invasive transcutaneous direct current motor block (tDCB).

Scant Evidence for Long-Range Atmospheric Transport of Particle-Bound Benzotriazole Ultraviolet Stabilizers.

Despite benzotriazole UV stabilizers (BT-UVs) being widely used since the 1960s, few empirical data on their atmospheric presence exist. UV-328 was added to the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants, based in part on model calculations indicating atmospheric long-range transport potential. We investigated the atmospheric occurrence of BT-UVs at multiple sites that differ greatly in their proximity to potential sources.

Characterization of Factors Associated With Death in Deceased Patients With Mitochondrial Disorders: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Survey.

Background And Objectives: Mitochondrial disorders are multiorgan disorders resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. We aimed to characterize death-associated factors in an international cohort of deceased individuals with mitochondrial disorders.

Methods: This cross-sectional multicenter observational study used data provided by 26 mitochondrial disease centers from 8 countries from January 2022 to March 2023.

Atomic-Level Tin Regulation for High-Performance Zinc-Air Batteries.

The trade-off between the performances of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) presents a challenge in designing high-performance aqueous rechargeable zinc-air batteries (a-r-ZABs) due to sluggish kinetics and differing reaction requirements. Accurate control of the atomic and electronic structures is crucial for the rational design of efficient bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysts. Herein, we designed a Sn-Co/RuO trimetallic oxide utilizing dual-active sites and tin (Sn) regulation strategy by dispersing Co (for ORR) and auxiliary Sn into the near-surface and surface of RuO (for OER) to enhance both ORR and OER performances.

Clinical Evaluation of the NaviNetics Stereotactic System Using Intraoperative Portable Surgical Imaging System in DBS Surgery.

Background And Objectives: A typical workflow for deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery consists of head frame placement, followed by stereotactic computed tomography (CT) or MRI before surgical implantation of the hardware. At some institutions, this workflow is prolonged when the imaging scanner is located far away from the operating room, thereby increasing workflow times by the addition of transport times. Recently, the intraoperative O-arm has been shown to provide accurate image fusion with preoperative CT or MR imaging, suggesting the possibility of obtaining an intraoperative localization scan and postoperative confirmation.

The Sikkim flood of October 2023: Drivers, causes and impacts of a multihazard cascade.

On 3 October 2023, a multihazard cascade in the Sikkim Himalaya, India, was triggered by 14.7 million m of frozen lateral moraine collapsing into South Lhonak Lake, generating an ~20 m tsunami-like impact wave, breaching the moraine, and draining ~50 million m of water. The ensuing Glacial Lake Outburst Flood (GLOF) eroded ~270 million m of sediment, which overwhelmed infrastructure, including hydropower installations along the Teesta River.

Nondeterministic dynamics in the η-to-θ phase transition of alumina nanoparticles.

Phase diagrams and crystallography are standard tools for studying structural phase transitions, whereas acquiring kinetic information at the atomistic level has been considered essential but challenging. The η-to-θ phase transition of alumina is unidirectional in bulk and retains the crystal lattice orientation. We report a rare example of a statistical kinetics study showing that for nanoparticles on a bulk Al(OH) surface, this phase transition occurs nondeterministically through an ergodic equilibrium through the molten state, and the memory of the lattice orientation is lost in this process.

A novel machine learning-based cancer-specific CVD risk score among patients with breast, colorectal, or lung cancer.

Background: Cancer patients have up to a 3-fold higher risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) than the general population. Traditional CVD risk scores may be less accurate for them. We aimed to develop cancer-specific CVD risk scores and compare them with conventional scores in predicting 10-year CVD risk for patients with breast cancer (BC), colorectal cancer (CRC), or lung cancer (LC).

Bone Health and Linear Growth in Children with Familial Hypoparathyroidism Treated with Human Parathyroid Hormone 1-34.

Context: Our study explores the impact of human PTH 1-34 injections (PTH therapy) on growth, areal bone mineral density (BMD), and bone quality (measured by trabecular bone score, TBS) in hypoparathyroidism due to autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1 (APS-1) or an activating variant of the calcium sensing receptor (CaR).

Objective: To assess associations of 1) age and PTH therapy duration with age-standardized Z-scores for height (HAZ), BMD (BMD-Z), and TBS (TBS-Z) in CaR or APS-1, and 2) APS-1 disease severity with BMD-Z and TBS-Z.

Methods: This secondary analysis pooled linear growth and lumbar spine (LS) DXA data from studies of hypoparathyroidism with mean baseline age of 13.

Comparison of Unaided and Aided Visual Acuity in Adults With Down Syndrome.

Purpose: Individuals with Down syndrome (DS) have reduced visual acuity (VA), even when wearing refractive correction. The relationship between refractive error and VA in adults with DS is explored.

Methods: Thirty adults with DS (age = 29 ± 10 years) were enrolled in a trial comparing clinical and objectively determined refractions.