IκBα kinase inhibitor BAY 11-7082 promotes anti-tumor effect in RAS-driven cancers.

Background: Oncogenic mutations in the RAS gene are associated with uncontrolled cell growth, a hallmark feature contributing to tumorigenesis. While diverse therapeutic strategies have been diligently applied to treat RAS-mutant cancers, successful targeting of the RAS gene remains a persistent challenge in the field of cancer therapy. In our study, we discover a promising avenue for addressing this challenge.

Novel Isoforms of Adhesion G Protein-Coupled Receptor B1 (ADGRB1/BAI1) Generated from an Alternative Promoter in Intron 17.

Brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 1 (BAI1) belongs to the adhesion G-protein-coupled receptors, which exhibit large multi-domain extracellular N termini that mediate cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions. To explore the existence of BAI1 isoforms, we queried genomic datasets for markers of active chromatin and new transcript variants in the ADGRB1 (adhesion G-protein-coupled receptor B1) gene. Two major types of mRNAs were identified in human/mouse brain, those with a start codon in exon 2 encoding a full-length protein of a predicted size of 173.

Associations of State Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Eligibility Policies With Mammography.

Purpose: The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) addresses food insecurity for low-income households, which is associated with access to care. Many US states expanded SNAP access through policies eliminating the asset test (ie, restrictions based on SNAP applicant assets) and/or broadening income eligibility. The objective of this study was to determine whether state SNAP policies were associated with the use of mammography among women eligible for breast cancer screening.

ASAH1 facilitates TNBC by DUSP5 suppression-driven activation of MAP kinase pathway and represents a therapeutic vulnerability.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of breast cancer that is prone to metastasis and therapy resistance. Owing to its aggressive nature and limited availability of targeted therapies, TNBC is associated with higher mortality as compared to other forms of breast cancer. In order to develop new therapeutic options for TNBC, we characterized the factors involved in TNBC growth and progression.

Evaluating the immunologically "cold" tumor microenvironment after treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors utilizing PET imaging of CD4 + and CD8 + T cells in breast cancer mouse models.

Background: Immune-positron emission tomography (PET) imaging with tracers that target CD8 and granzyme B has shown promise in predicting the therapeutic response following immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) in immunologically "hot" tumors. However, immune dynamics in the low T-cell infiltrating "cold" tumor immune microenvironment during ICB remain poorly understood. This study uses molecular imaging to evaluate changes in CD4 + T cells and CD8 + T cells during ICB in breast cancer models and examines biomarkers of response.

Matrix stiffness influences response to chemo and targeted therapy in brain metastatic breast cancer cells.

Breast cancer is the most common malignancy accounting for 12.5% of all newly diagnosed cancer cases across the globe. Breast cancer cells are known to metastasize to distant organs (, brain), wherein they can exhibit a dormant phenotype for extended time periods.

The state of cancer-focused community outreach and engagement (COE): reflections of Black COE directors.

The requirement of community outreach and engagement (COE) as a major component of the National Cancer Institute (NCI) Cancer Center Support Grant has had an enormous impact on the way NCI-designated cancer centers identify, investigate, and address the needs of their catchment area (CA) communities. Given the wide-ranging diversity of our nation, COE's scope of work (SOW) is extremely demanding and complex. Yet, COE is often marginalized and viewed as void of scientific methods when, in fact, it requires specialized scientific knowledge and a broad range of proficiencies.

Talazoparib in Patients With Solid Tumors With / Mutation: Results From the Targeted Agent and Profiling Utilization Registry Study.

Purpose: The Targeted Agent and Profiling Utilization Registry Study is a phase II basket trial evaluating the antitumor activity of commercially available targeted agents in patients with advanced cancer and genomic alterations known to be drug targets. Results of a cohort of patients with various solid tumors with germline or somatic mutations treated with talazoparib are reported.

Methods: Eligible patients had advanced solid tumors, measurable disease (RECIST), Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status 0-2, adequate organ function, and no standard treatment options.

A randomized controlled trial of shared decision-making treatment planning process to enhance shared decision-making in patients with MBC.

Purpose: Opportunities exist for patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC) to engage in shared decision-making (SDM). Presenting patient-reported data, including patient treatment preferences, to oncologists before or during a treatment plan decision may improve patient engagement in treatment decisions.

Methods: This randomized controlled trial evaluated the standard-of-care treatment planning process vs.

Anthropometric traits and risk of multiple myeloma: differences by race, sex and diagnostic clinical features.

Background: Obesity is an established modifiable risk factor for multiple myeloma (MM). However, associations of obesity and MM risk in Black populations, for whom obesity and MM are more common, is less clear.

Methods: Using participants enrolled in the Integrative Molecular And Genetic Epidemiology study, we evaluated the association of anthropometric traits with MM risk overall, stratified by race and sex.

ECOG-ACRIN EAZ171: Prospective Validation Trial of Germline Predictors of Taxane-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy in Black Women With Early-Stage Breast Cancer.

Purpose: Black women experience higher rates of taxane-induced peripheral neuropathy (TIPN) compared with White women when receiving adjuvant once weekly paclitaxel for early-stage breast cancer, leading to more dose reductions and higher recurrence rates. EAZ171 aimed to prospectively validate germline predictors of TIPN and compare rates of TIPN and dose reductions in Black women receiving (neo)adjuvant once weekly paclitaxel and once every 3 weeks docetaxel for early-stage breast cancer.

Methods: Women with early-stage breast cancer who self-identified as Black and had intended to receive (neo)adjuvant once weekly paclitaxel or once every 3 weeks docetaxel were eligible, with planned accrual to 120 patients in each arm.

Providers' and survivors' perspectives on the availability and accessibility of surgery in gastrointestinal cancer care.

Background: Surgery is essential for gastrointestinal (GI) cancer treatment. Many patients lack access to surgical care that optimizes outcomes. Scarce availability and/or low accessibility of appropriate resources may be the reason for this, especially in economically disadvantaged areas.

Production and regulatory issues for theranostics.

Theranostics has become a major area of innovation and progress in cancer care over the last decade. In view of the introduction of approved therapeutics in neuroendocrine tumours and prostate cancer in the last 10 years, the ability to provide access to these treatments has emerged as a key factor in ensuring global benefits from this cancer therapy approach. In this Series paper we explore the issues that affect access to and availability of theranostic radiopharmaceuticals, including supply and regulatory issues that might affect the availability of theranostic treatments for patients with cancer.

Homologous recombination deficiency should be tested for in patients with advanced stage high-grade serous ovarian cancer aged 70 years and over.

Objective: Due to limited data on homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) in older patients (≥ 70 years) with advanced stage high grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC), we aimed to determine the rates of HRD at diagnosis in this age group.

Methods: From the Phase 3 trial VELIA the frequency of HRD and BRCA1/2 pathogenic variants (PVs) was compared between younger (< 70 years) and older participants. HRD and somatic(s) BRCA1/2 pathogenic variants (PVs) were determined at diagnosis using Myriad myChoice® CDx and germline(g) BRCA1/2 PVs using Myriad BRACAnalysis CDx®.

A novel combinatorial approach using sulforaphane- and withaferin A-rich extracts for prevention of estrogen receptor-negative breast cancer through epigenetic and gut microbial mechanisms.

Estrogen receptor-negative [ER(-)] mammary cancer is the most aggressive type of breast cancer (BC) with higher rate of metastasis and recurrence. In recent years, dietary prevention of BC with epigenetically active phytochemicals has received increased attention due to its feasibility, effectiveness, and ease of implementation. In this regard, combinatorial phytochemical intervention enables more efficacious BC inhibition by simultaneously targeting multiple tumorigenic pathways.