Pattern, causes and functional outcome of peripheral neuropathies in the Amazon region.

Background: Peripheral neuropathies have a wide variety of causes and pathophysiologies. Assuming that there are local particularities in the Amazon region, the aim of this study was to describe the characteristics of patients by determining the factors associated with functional severity.

Methods: This was a retrospective observational study at Cayenne Hospital between January 2015 and May 2023.

Revisiting cost-effectiveness of folic acid supplementation in primary stroke prevention in China: considering vitamin B12 deficiency masking issue.

Objectives: To identify the cost-effectiveness of four policy options related to folic acid supplements after considering the side effects of masking vitamin B12 (B12) deficiency in primary stroke prevention for hypertensive patients in China.

Study Design: A cost-effectiveness analysis.

Methods: Four policies were considered: Policy A, Do nothing to address folate status in hypertensive patients at risk for stroke; Policy B, Folate supplementation without pre-screening for vitamin B12 deficiency; Policy C, Folate supplementation with pre-screening all patients for B12 deficiency and add B12 supplements if B12 is deficient; and Policy D, Folate supplementation only for those whose folate is deficient, pre-screen all patients for both B12 and folate deficiencies and add B12 supplements if B12 is deficient.

Muscarinic acetylcholine type 1 receptor antagonism activates TRPM3 to augment mitochondrial function and drive axonal repair in adult sensory neurons.

Objective: Antagonism of the muscarinic acetylcholine type 1 receptor (MR) promotes sensory axon repair and is protective in peripheral neuropathy, however, the mechanism remains elusive. We investigated the role of the heat-sensing transient receptor potential melastatin-3 (TRPM3) cation channel in MR antagonism-mediated nerve regeneration and explored the potential of TRPM3 activation to facilitate axonal plasticity.

Methods: Dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons from adult control or diabetic rats were cultured and treated with TRPM3 agonists (CIM0216, pregnenolone sulfate) and MR antagonists pirenzepine (PZ) or muscarinic toxin 7 (MT7).

Dietary Docosahexaenoic Acid-Rich Supplementation Decreases Neurotoxic Lipid Mediators in Participants with Type 2 Diabetes and Neuropathic Pain.

Background/objectives: There is increasing evidence linking circulating neurotoxic lipids to the progression of chronic neuroinflammatory diseases in the peripheral and central nervous systems. Strategies to modify lipid profiles, such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-rich supplementation, may aid in managing conditions like painful diabetic neuropathy (pDN). In a previous study, we demonstrated that three months of DHA supplementation significantly altered the metabolomic profile of patients with painful diabetic neuropathy (pDN), resulting in symptom improvement.

Sudden vision loss in pregnancy: Wernicke's encephalopathy in a patient with hyperemesis gravidarum.

Wernicke's encephalopathy, the acute phase of Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome, is characterised as a triad of altered mental status, ocular signs and ataxia. Our patient presented with hyperemesis gravidarum, which is a rare aetiology of Wernicke's encephalopathy. The patient did not have any oculomotor abnormalities, which are more common and classically described in Wernicke's triad.

SARM1 in the pathogenesis of immune-related disease.

Background: Sterile alpha and toll interleukin receptor motif-containing protein 1 (SARM1) are primarily expressed in the mammalian nervous system, with their presence in neurons being associated with mitochondrial aggregation. SARM1 functions as a mediator of cell death and morphological changes, while also regulating Waller degeneration in nerve fibers and influencing glial cell formation.

Purpose: Recent reports demonstrate SARM1 serves as a connector in the Toll-like receptor (TLR) pathway and plays a role in regulating inflammation during periods of stress such as infection, trauma, and hypoxia.

Development and Validation of a Risk Prediction Model for Sarcopenia in Chinese Older Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Purpose: Sarcopenia is a common prevalent age-related disorder among older patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study aimed to develop and validate a nomogram model to assess the risk of incident sarcopenia among older patients with T2DM.

Patients And Methods: A total of 1434 older patients (≥ 60 years) diagnosed with T2DM between May 2020 and November 2023 were recruited.

Subacute Neuropathy Post-Liver Transplantation in Zellweger Spectrum Disorder: A Case Report.

Peroxisome biogenesis disorders-Zellweger spectrum disorder (PBD-ZSD) is a rare genetic disease caused by mutations in the genes involved in peroxisome biogenesis. PBD-ZSD presentations vary in severity, and treatment of PBD-ZSD remains supportive focused on specific complications. A few reported cases of the use of liver transplantation to treat either neurological symptoms or liver dysfunction and cirrhosis in PBD-ZSD have been published.

A Decades-Long Journey of Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) for Chronic Neuropathic Pain Management: A Comprehensive Narrative Review.

Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) has been prescribed in neuropathic pain management for over 20 years. This study aims to summarize what has been published on the topic in the last 15 years and determine the appropriateness of the prescribing. It describes the pharmacological aspect of PEA, especially focusing on its pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics.

The Social Determinants of Health in a Cohort of Romanian Patients with Diabetic and Nondiabetic Neuropathy.

: The importance of the social determinants of health (SODHs) in diabetic and nondiabetic neuropathy has recently gained more attention. This retrospective study examined the correlation of incident diabetic neuropathy and neuropathy of other etiologies with SODH in Romania. : All cases with the primary or secondary discharge diagnosis codes of neuropathy reported across Romania in 2019 were analyzed.

A Systematic Review of Dietary Lifestyle Interventions for Neuropathic Pain.

Chronic severe neuropathic pain (NP) affects one in 10 individuals over the age of 30 in North America. Standard pharmacological interventions are associated with significant side effects and have limited effectiveness. Diets seeking to improve physiological health, support gut barrier integrity, and decrease systemic inflammation have recently emerged as powerful tools conferring neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects, potentially reducing the overall morbidity and mortality of multiple neurological and metabolic diseases.

Somatosensory and dynamic balance improvement in older adults with diabetic peripheral neuropathy through sensorimotor exercise: A multisite randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: To examine the effect of the Feldenkrais method on lower legs and foot somatosensory postural control-related function, dynamic balance, fear of falling and quality of life in adults with diabetic polyneuropathy in the short and mid-term.

Methods: A single-blinded, parallel, multicentric randomized control trial was conducted in two health hospitals. Subjects with diabetic polyneuropathy and older than 55 years with a history of falls or dynamic balance dysfunction were recruited from the hospital databases and randomly allocated to the experimental or control group.

Visceral Adiposity as an Independent Risk Factor for Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Retrospective Study.

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) impacts approximately 50% of individuals with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), leading to severe complications such as foot ulcers and amputations. Notably, visceral adiposity is increasingly recognized as a pivotal factor in augmenting the risk of DPN. We aim to evaluate the correlation between obesity-related body composition, particularly visceral fat, and DPN to facilitate early identification of high-risk patients with T2DM.

Interleukin-1 type 1 receptor blockade attenuates the exaggerated exercise pressor reflex in male UC Davis type 2 diabetic mellitus rats.

An exaggerated exercise pressor reflex and peripheral neuropathy are both evoked by the same type of thinly myelinated afferents and are present in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Although it is known that the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β (IL-1β) contributes to peripheral neuropathy, the effects of IL-1β on the exercise pressor reflex in T2DM are not known. Therefore, we aimed to determine the effect of IL-1 receptors on the exercise pressor reflex in T2DM.

Predictive Factors of Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy in Breast Cancer: A Decision Tree Model Approach.

Purpose: Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) poses a substantial challenge in breast cancer (BC) chemotherapy, affecting the patient's quality of life. Recent studies have focused on exploring predictors and patterns of CIPN occurrence. We aimed to develop a prediction model for CIPN occurrence using a classification and regression tree (CART) algorithm.

Daphnetin Protects Schwann Cells Against High-Glucose-Induced Oxidative Injury by Modulating the Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2/Glutamate-Cysteine Ligase Catalytic Subunit Signaling Pathway.

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), a common complication of diabetes mellitus, is primarily characterized by damage to Schwann cells caused by oxidative stress under hyperglycemic conditions. Recently, we demonstrated the ability of coumarin-rich Maxim. to alleviate DPN in ovariectomized diabetic mice.

Metagenomic analysis during capecitabine therapy reveals microbial chemoprotective mechanisms and predicts drug toxicity in colorectal cancer patients.

Purpose: Unpredictable chemotherapy side effects are a major barrier to successful treatment. Cell culture and mouse experiments indicate that the gut microbiota is influenced by and influences anti-cancer drugs. However, metagenomic data from patients paired to careful side effect monitoring remains limited.

Improving genetic testing pathways for transthyretin amyloidosis in France: challenges and strategies.

Transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTR) is a severe and rare disease characterized by the progressive deposition of misfolded transthyretin proteins, causing irreversible organ damage. Transthyretin amyloidosis can present as a hereditary ATTR or acquired wild-type ATTR form. Genetic testing is critical for determining a hereditary predisposition and subsequently initiating appropriate family screening.