Enhancing engagement in HIV care among adolescents and young adults: A focus on phone-based navigation and relationship building to address barriers in HIV care.

Structural, psychological, and clinical barriers to HIV care engagement among adolescents and young adults living with HIV (AYAH) persist globally despite gains in HIV epidemic control. Phone-based peer navigation may provide critical peer support, increase delivery flexibility, and require fewer resources. Prior studies show that phone-based navigation and automated text messaging interventions improve HIV care engagement, adherence, and retention among AYAH.

Exploring barriers to accessing treatment for Lymphatic Filariasis through a socio-ecological lens in Buvuma and Napak districts, Uganda.

Background: The World Health Organization launched the Global Programme to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis in 2000, which aimed at eradicating the disease by 2030. This goal depends on community mass drug administration and essential care. Despite these efforts, many rural communities still face untreated lymphatic filariasis and lack access to treatment and self-management.

Synthesizing evidence to guide the design and implementation of effective strategies for discontinuing postoperative antibiotic prophylaxis in surgical settings: an umbrella review post-WHO 2018 recommendations.

Background: Postoperative antibiotic prophylaxis (PAP) involves using antibiotics after surgery to prevent surgical site infections (SSIs). However, studies have shown that PAP offers no additional benefits compared to discontinuation after surgical incision closure, prompting its de-implementation to prevent unnecessary antibiotic use that may contribute to antibiotic resistance. We conducted this review to synthesize evidence for guiding the design and implementation of effective strategies for discontinuing PAP practice and optimizing antibiotic use in surgical settings.

Caring for Post-9/11 Veterans in the Civilian Sector: Knowledge and Readiness of Registered and Advance Practice Nurse Providers.

Importance: Since 2001, 3.5 million United States service members deployed overseas in support of the post-9711 Global War on Terror. While healthy and fit upon deployment, veterans have experienced many complex and often unexplainable illnesses and chronic diseases, with more than 520 000 being diagnosed with cancer.

Reforming early intervention for premature infants: insights into integrated nursing and medical care in Western China.

Background: Premature births has imposed substantial burdens on medical resources. Consequently, a specialized team was established and a model focused on early intervention, namely the Delivery Room Intensive Care Unit (DICU) emphasizing "care, support, and treatment" was introduced and its impact on the morbidity and mortality outcomes of newborns was assessed. Additionally, we aimed to develop a nomogram model for predicting the risk of intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) in preterm infants.

Work-Related Psychosocial Risk and Protective Factors Influencing Workplace Sickness Absence: A Systematic Literature Review.

Purpose: Employee sickness absence (SA) is a significant issue facing organizations and individuals worldwide, leading to multiple negative consequences, such as increased costs, early retirement, decreased productivity, and reduced quality of work. Therefore, within the occupational health and safety (OHS) framework, it is crucial to explore the factors that help workforces stay at work sustainably. This study investigates the role of work-related psychosocial factors (WRPFs) as predictors of SA and suggests proactive measures to prevent its occurrence.

Determinants of Preventive Health Behavior for Hepatitis B in Pregnant Women: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Vertical transmission from mother to child during the perinatal period is a key route of hepatitis B infection. The infection rate among children of mothers who are hepatitis B carriers is high.

Purpose: This study was designed to investigate the hepatitis-B-related preventive health behavior of pregnant women and related factors.

Evaluation of the Food Literacy Project's "Nourishing Food Literacy, Community Health and Sense of Place in Louisville, Kentucky" Initiative.

Background And Objectives: Community-based organizations, such as Food Literacy Project, Inc. (FLP), focused on cultivating food justice through increasing access to healthy foods in under-resourced areas are uniquely positioned to positively affect the nutrition landscape. This article reports on an evaluation of FLP's efforts in implementing food justice programming.

Vaccine hesitancy among health paraprofessionals: A mixed methods study.

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) defines vaccine hesitancy as "a delay in acceptance or refusal of vaccines despite availability of vaccination services". Vaccine hesitancy has also been declared a top threat to global health. Some employers imposed vaccine mandates during the Covid-19 pandemic resulting in health care employees resigning or being fired rather than receive a vaccine.

Outcomes Associated With Care Models for Neonates With Complex Medical Needs: A Scoping Review to Support Program Evaluation.

Background: Neonates with complex medical needs (NCMNs) are a small proportion of neonatal intensive care unit admissions but are high healthcare utilizers. Since 2018, NCMNs at our hospital have been cared for by the Neonatal Complex Care Team. This model has yet to be evaluated.

Understanding reasons for delay in diagnosis of leprosy in Pakistan: A qualitative study.

Background: Recent epidemiological data shows significant rates of grade 2 disability at point-of-diagnosis among new leprosy cases in Pakistan. This indicates a feature of extensive diagnostic delay; the disability burden appears unmoving and disproportionate to the falling leprosy incidence rates. Therefore, this study was required to understand reasons for delay in diagnosis and treatment of leprosy.

From an Informatics Lens: Dashboards for Hospital Nurse Managers Influencing Unit Patient Outcomes.

Dashboards display hospital quality and patient safety measures aimed to improve patient outcomes. Although literature establishes dashboards aid quality and performance improvement initiatives, research is limited from the frontline nurse manager's perspective. This study characterizes factors influencing hospital nurse managers' use of dashboards for unit-level quality and performance improvement with suggestions for dashboard design.

The Drivers and Barriers of Clinical Health Professions Student Flourishing: An Integrative Review.

Introduction: To determine the drivers and barriers to flourishing for clinical health professions students through a review of peer-reviewed literature.

Methods: Articles were analyzed in Scopus, PubMed, and EBSCOHost and hand-searched education journals through May 2024 describing flourishing among clinical health professions students. Whittemore and Knafl's integrative approach was used, and quality was assessed by the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool.

Electronic Flashcards in Health Professions Education: A Scoping Review.

Purpose: Electronic flashcards (EFs) are a widely used learning resource in medical education. This scoping review provides a comprehensive overview of the existing empirical research on EFs and a direction for future research on EF interventions. The authors organized the reviewed articles into 4 nonmutually exclusive categories: development, delivery, utilization, and associated outcomes.

Textbook Selection in Nursing Education: An Updated Perspective.

Background: Evidence-based guidelines about textbook selection for nursing didactic courses are lacking. Therefore, this study explored the priorities of faculty in baccalaureate nursing programs for selecting primary textbooks.

Purpose: The study aimed to identify the ranking of essential characteristics in nursing textbooks, including content, general characteristics, supplemental resources, organization, and specific considerations about electronic textbooks.

Impact of education and training on LGBT-specific health issues for healthcare students and professionals: a systematic review of comparative studies.

Objectives: Training/education is increasingly used to improve healthcare professionals' knowledge, attitudes and clinical skills about lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) health, but few reviews have assessed their effectiveness. This review describes the impact of training about LGBT healthcare for healthcare professionals on participants' knowledge, attitudes and clinical practice.

Design: Systematic review of intervention studies with contemporaneous comparators.

Development of a core outcome set and core measurement set for kangaroo mother care: a study protocol.

Background: Kangaroo mother care (KMC) is a care of preterm and low birthweight infants carried skin-to-skin contact with the mother's chest and breastfeeding when possible. KMC has been proven to reduce mortality and morbidity in these infants. However, research on KMC has been limited by significant variability and inconsistency in reported outcomes across studies.

Agency Nurse Usage of Infusion Interoperability: Identifying Barriers and Improving Workflows.

Over the past several years, hospitals have utilized agency staffing to combat staffing shortages. Increased use of agency staffing presented an opportunity for implementation of an education project related to the potential variance in practice of permanent staffing, specifically with the use of infusion interoperability in the inpatient setting at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center St Margaret hospital. Discussion around variables causing agency nurse setbacks with utilizing infusion interoperability while trying to meet the required standard laid the groundwork for this project.

JBI Evidence Implementation Project Summary.

Implementation science is the process of integrating an intervention into practice within an organization or health system and is a useful strategy to improve practice, affect patient outcomes, and promote practice sustainability. In this series, AJN and the journal JBI Evidence Implementation have partnered to deliver examples of how health care facilities from around the world have worked to solve common patient care problems. Through this partnership, we strive to create awareness and share knowledge and experiences by publishing summaries of studies that have appeared in JBI Evidence Implementation.

Exploring Demographic Factors Influencing Indian Nursing Students' Willingness to Volunteer.

Objective: To investigate the demographic determinants influencing nursing students' intentions to volunteer during health emergencies in India, providing insights that can inform policy and educational interventions to enhance their engagement and effectiveness in crisis situations.

Methods: A comprehensive cross-sectional survey was conducted among final-year nursing students, utilizing an online self-administered questionnaire developed through an extensive review of existing literature. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS software tool.

Development and usability testing of a multifaceted intervention to reduce low-value injury care.

Background: Multifaceted interventions that address barriers and facilitators have been shown to be most effective for increasing the adoption of high-value care, but there is a knowledge gap on this type of intervention for the de-implementation of low-value care. Trauma is a high-risk setting for low-value care, such as unnecessary diagnostic imaging and the use of specialized resources. The aim of our study was to develop and assess the usability of a multifaceted intervention to reduce low-value injury care.

Medication adherence in rheumatoid arthritis: implications for cardiovascular disease risk and strategies to address in U.S. veterans.

Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic inflammatory disease associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and premature mortality. The risk of CVD is closely associated with RA disease activity, and achieving RA remission using disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) can significantly mitigate this risk. However, despite the availability of highly effective DMARDs, many veterans fail to achieve sustained RA remission.

Challenges in Global Distribution and Equitable Access to Monkeypox Vaccines.

The monkeypox outbreak has grown beyond the regions in which it was considered endemic. It has spread from central and west Africa to non-endemic regions like Europe, America, and other parts of the world. It has recently been classified as a public health emergency of international concern.