Preparation, quality control, and biodistribution assessment of [ In]In-DOTA-PR81 in BALB/c mice bearing breast tumors.

In this study, [ In]In-DOTA-PR81 was developed, and its preliminary preclinical qualifications were assessed for single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging of breast cancer. DOTA-NHS-ester was practiced and successively purified by molecular filtration. The chelate:mAb ratio was determined by spectrophotometry.

In Silico Analyses of Autophagy-Related Genes in Rapeseed ( L.) under Different Abiotic Stresses and in Various Tissues.

The autophagy-related genes (ATGs) play important roles in plant growth and response to environmental stresses. () is among the most important oilseed crops, but are largely unknown in this species. Therefore, a genome-wide analysis of gene family () was performed.

The irradiated fuel-burnup experiment of Tehran Research Reactor using nondestructive gamma-ray spectroscopy.

In this work, a nondestructive gamma scanning technique has been applied to determine the irradiated fuel burnup of Tehran Research Reactor (TRR). Thereby, a system was designed and installed at the rim of the TRR pool, which includes a High-Purity Germanium (HPGe) detector and associated electronics-devices, a proper shield, a collimator, and an elevator to radioactive fuel handling for any longitudinal and transverse fuel movement. In the system, it also was possible to measure fuel burnup for fuels with short cooling times at the minimum distance between the fuel and the detector.

IAEA contribution to the development of 64Cu radiopharmaceuticals for theranostic applications.

Copper-64 is a very attractive radioisotope with unique nuclear properties that allow using it as both a diagnostic and therapeutic agent, thus providing an almost ideal example of a theranostic radionuclide. A characteristic of Cu-64 stems from the intrinsic biological nature of copper ions that play a fundamental role in a large number of cellular processes. Cu-64 is a radionuclide that reflects the natural biochemical pathways of Cu-64 ions, therefore, can be exploited for the detection and therapy of certain malignancies and metabolic diseases.

Development and Validation of a New Domestic Software for Dose Assessment during Normal and Accident Conditions in Nuclear Power Plants (NPPS).

In this research, a comprehensive code called KIANA is developed based on the Gaussian plume model to simulate and predict the radiological consequences received through all the possible, reasonable, probable, and standard exposure pathways for NPPs and chemical facilities. To validate the KIANA code, a case study is modeled for Bushehr Nuclear Power Plant Unit One (BNPP-1), and the KIANA code results are compared with the results of the Final Safety Analysis Report (FSAR-2017) data of BNPP-1. To assess the performance of the KIANA code, the total dose due to the airborne pathway in accident conditions including small break LOCA (SBLOCA), large break LOCA (LBLOCA), and equivalent exposure dose for the thyroid gland of a group of infants and children age 1 to 8 y at BNPP-1, are investigated.

IAEA Activities on Cu, Re, Sc Theranostic Radionuclides and Radiopharmaceuticals.

Despite interesting properties, the use of Cu, Re and Sc theranostic radionuclides in preclinical studies and clinical trials is curtailed by their limited availability due to a lack of widely established production methods. An IAEA Coordinated Research Project (CRP) was initiated to identify important technical issues related to the production and quality control of these emerging radionuclides and related radiopharmaceuticals, based on the request from IAEA Member States. The international team worked on targetry, separation, quality control and radiopharmaceutical aspects of the radionuclides obtained from research reactors and cyclotrons leading to preparation of a standard recommendations for all Member States.

Design and development of a comprehensive program for the assessment and analysis of environmental effects due to the release of radioactive materials from the stack of nuclear installations: A case study in Bushehr nuclear power plant.

The current investigation presents a comprehensive program called KIANA to assess and analyze the environmental effects due to the release of radioactive materials from the stack of nuclear installations. Bushehr Nuclear Power Plant Unit One (BNPP-1) is modeled using the KIANA software and the release of radioactive materials from the BNPP-1 stack on the members of the public through the airborne pathway is evaluated during normal operation as well as in the accident conditions including Design Basis Accidents (DBA) and Beyond Design Basis Accidents (BDBA). To verify and validate the KIANA software, the results of the KIANA are compared with the results of DOZA_M, ESTE, PC-CREAM 98, RECASS Express, and the values of the total effective dose monitored by the local detectors of BNPP-1.

Internal dosimetry studies of Tm-EDTMP complex, as a bone pain palliation agent, in human tissues based on animal data.

Radiopharmaceuticals with therapeutic applications are designed to deliver high doses of radiation to target organs with minimizing unwanted radiation to healthy tissues. Owing to the potential of targeted radiotherapy to treat a wide range of malignancies, Tm -EDTMP was developed for possible therapeutic applications. This study describes absorbed dose prediction of Tm-EDTMP in human organs after animal injection which is determined via medical internal radiation dose (MIRD) and MCNP-4C code methods.

A quantum study on novel azo-dyes containing a fullerene C60 unit as a smart material for optoelectronic applications.

Quantum chemical calculations of some novel azo-dyes containing a fullerene C60 unit as a smart material have been carried out with the aims to determine their cis and trans electronic properties and to describe the change of their quantum parameters as a result of the trans/cis isomerization of these molecules. The effects of electron-withdrawing or electron-releasing groups on the R-position of these molecules on electronic, optical, spectroscopic, and other properties of these molecules have been considered with DFT and TDDFT calculations. The obtained results of the calculations show that compounds "b" and "c" with the strongest electron-releasing groups in the R-position of these molecules, particularly the trans isomers of these compounds, with higher chemical softness, higher electrophilicity index, higher thermodynamic properties, and higher charge transfer values, have the better electronic and optical properties and therefore the better chemical reactivity compared to the other compounds.

Quantum mechanical simulation of Chloroquine drug interaction with C60 fullerene for treatment of COVID-19.

Chloroquine (CQ) has been reported as an effective drug in the control of COVID-19 infection. Since C60 fullerene has been considered as a drug delivery system, the interaction between pristine fullerene and chloroquine drug and also the interaction between B, Al, Si doped fullerene and chloroquine drug have been investigated based on the density functional theory calculations. The results of this study show that the doped fullerene, especially Al and Si doped fullerene could be the better drug delivery vehicles for chloroquine drug because of their relatively better energetic and electronic properties with chloroquine.

THE VALIDATION OF COMPREHENSIVE SOFTWARE FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF RADIOLOGICAL IMPACTS ON HUMANS THROUGH BENCHMARK ANALYSIS WITH RADIOLOGICAL CODES.

In this paper, a novel domestic code called KIANA was developed for the assessment of radiological impacts on the population in normal and accident conditions including design basis accident (DBA) and beyond DBA (BDBA) for the nuclear power plants. The validation process of the KIANA code was performed using the results of the DOZA_M radiological code, whose results are presented in the Final Safety Analysis Report (FSAR) of the Bushehr Nuclear Power Plant Unit One (BNPP-1). The calculations of KIANA are performed based on the Gaussian diffusion model.

Preclinical study of a new Lu-labeled somatostatin receptor antagonist in HT-29 human colorectal cancer cells.

Objectives: Somatostatin receptor-positive neuroendocrine tumors have been targeted using various peptide analogs radiolabeled with therapeutic radionuclides for years. The better biomedical properties of radioantagonists as higher tumor uptake make these radioligands more attractive than agonists for somatostatin receptor-targeted radionuclide therapy. In this study, we tried to evaluate the efficiency of Luthetium-177 (Lu) radiolabeled DOTA-Peptide 2 (Lu-DOTA-Peptide 2) as a new radioantagonist in HT-29 human colorectal cancer in vitro and in vivo.

Evaluation of a New Tc-labeled GnRH Analogue as a Possible Imaging Agent for Prostate Cancer Detection.

Introduction: Prostate cancer is a serious threat to men's health so it is necessary to develop technics for early detection of this malignancy. The purpose of this research was the evaluation of a newTc-labeled GnRH analogue as an imaging probe for tumor targeting of prostate cancer.

Methods: Tc-labeled-DLys6-GnRH analogue was prepared based on HYNIC as a chelating agent and tricine/ EDDA as coligands for labeling with Tc.

Synthesis, biological evaluation and preclinical study of a novel Tc-peptide: A targeting probe of amyloid-β plaques as a possible diagnostic agent for Alzheimer's disease.

With respect to the main role of amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques as one of the pathological hallmarks in the brain of Alzheimer's patients, the development of new imaging probes for targeted detection of Aβ plaques has attracted considerable interests. In this study, a novel cyclopentadienyl tricarbonyl Technetium-99 m (Tc) agent with peptide scaffold, Tc-Cp-GABA-D-(FPLIAIMA)-NH, for binding to the Aβ plaques was designed and successfully synthesized using the Fmoc solid-phase peptide synthesis method. This radiopeptide revealed a good affinity for Aβ42 aggregations (K = 20 µM) in binding affinity study and this result was confirmed by binding to Aβ plaques in brain sections of human Alzheimer's disease (AD) and rat models using in vitro autoradiography, fluorescent staining, and planar scintigraphy.

Tc-(EDDA/tricine)-HYNIC-GnRH analogue as a potential imaging probe for diagnosis of prostate cancer.

Prostate cancer is a serious threat to men's health, so it is necessary to develop the techniques for early detection of this malignancy. Radiolabeled peptides are the useful tools for diagnosis of prostate cancer. In this research, we designed a new HYNIC-conjugated GnRH analogue and labeled it by Tc with tricine/EDDA as coligands.

Recent advances in the design and applications of amyloid-β peptide aggregation inhibitors for Alzheimer's disease therapy.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an irreversible neurological disorder that progresses gradually and can cause severe cognitive and behavioral impairments. This disease is currently considered a social and economic incurable issue due to its complicated and multifactorial characteristics. Despite decades of extensive research, we still lack definitive AD diagnostic and effective therapeutic tools.

Design, preparation and biological evaluation of a Lu-labeled somatostatin receptor antagonist for targeted therapy of neuroendocrine tumors.

Somatostatin receptor-targeted radionuclide therapy has become an effective treatment in patients with neuroendocrine tumors. Recently, investigations on the development of antagonistic peptides are increasing with possible superior biological properties as opposed to the agonists. Herein, we have reported the development of a new somatostatin receptor peptide ligand labeled with Lu to achieve a therapeutic ligand for tumor treatment.

Novel Yb-Poly (L-Lactic Acid) Microspheres for Transarterial Radioembolization of Unrespectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Novel biodegradable Poly (L-lactic acid) (PLLA) microspheres containing ytterbium were designed for intra-tumoral radiotherapy, especially for radioembolization. Yb possess both therapeutic beta and diagnostic gamma radiations. In this work, a process of making ready radiomicrospheres Yb (acac)-loaded PLLA for more consideration has been investigated.

Damage study of irradiated tungsten and copper using proton and argon ions of a plasma focus device.

The destructive effects of proton and argon ions produced in a low energy plasma focus device on the surface of tungsten and copper were investigated. Optical microscopy, SEM, EDX, XRD and ERD analysis were performed for initial and irradiated samples. The results showed that total thermal impact under the irradiation by argon is much more significant than that by hydrogen.

Preparation and Biological Evaluation of Gallium- Labeled Iranian Hemiscorpius Lepturus Scorpion Venom.

Background: The Hemiscorpius lepturus (H. lepturus) is a deadly scorpion species living in the southern Iran.

Objective: H.

Evaluation of Tc-MccJ25 peptide analog in mice bearing B16F10 melanoma tumor as a diagnostic radiotracer.

Objectives: Despite recent advances in treatment modalities, cancer remains a major source of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. Currently, the development of sensitive and specific molecular imaging probes for early diagnosis of cancer is still a problematic challenge. Previous studies have been shown that some of the antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) exhibit a broad spectrum of cytotoxic activity against cancerous cells in addition to their antimicrobial activities.

Investigations of proton and deuteron induced nuclear reactions on natural and enriched Titanium, Calcium and Vanadium targets, with special reference to the production of Sc.

Sc could be used in SPECT imaging and also suitable for targeted therapy of small tumors. The excitation functions for the production of Sc and accompanying impurities via proton and deuteron bombardment of Calcium, Titanium and Vanadium targets were evaluated by three nuclear codes, ALICE, TALYS and EMPIRE. Therefrom, integral yields of Sc and also Sc as a main impurity were calculated.

Ga-radiolabeled bombesin-conjugated to trimethyl chitosan-coated superparamagnetic nanoparticles for molecular imaging: preparation, characterization and biological evaluation.

Introduction: Nowadays, nanoparticles (NPs) have attracted much attention in biomedical imaging due to their unique magnetic and optical characteristics. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) are the prosperous group of NPs with the capability to apply as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents. Radiolabeling of targeted SPIONs with positron emitters can develop dual positron emission tomography (PET)/MRI agents to achieve better diagnosis of clinical conditions.

Preclinical evaluation of new GnRH-I receptor radionuclide therapy with Lu-peptide tracer.

The purpose of this study was to develop preclinical evaluation of a novel radiolabeled gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) receptor targeting peptide for prostate cancer therapy. The new antiproliferative agent of GnRH-I analogue was developed on the basis of the D-Trp -GnRH-I scaffold, and in vivo pharmacokinetics and receptor binding affinity were enhanced by the substitution of Gly-NHNH for Gly-NH at position 10 in D-Trp -GnRH-I. To evaluate Lu-DOTA-triptorelin-hydrazide as radionuclide therapy of tumor, the quality control tests and preclinical stage assessment were carried out.