[F]FDG PET/CT for predicting neoadjuvant PD-L1 blockade monotherapy treatment response in patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a preliminary study.

Purpose: To investigate the predictive value of 2-[18F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose ([F]FDG) PET/CT for evaluating primary tumor (PT) and lymph node (LN) responses after neoadjuvant programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) blockade monotherapy in patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (LA-ESCC).

Methods: In the single-arm phase 1b NATION-1907 trial (NCT04215471), 23 patients with LA-ESCC received two cycles of neoadjuvant PD-L1 blockade Adebrelimab followed by surgery. Among these, 18 patients underwent [F]FDG PET/CT scans both before immunotherapy and prior to surgery.

Comparative benefits of Ki and SUV images in lesion detection during PET/CT imaging.

Background: Clinical application of the tracer net influx rate (Ki) imaging in PET/CT remains limited, due to a lack of evidence demonstrating the superiority of Ki images in lesion detection, and guidelines on when to utilize Ki images. This study aims to compare the benefits of Ki and standardized uptake value (SUV) images in lesion detection during PET/CT imaging. By analyzing the performance of both techniques in identifying tumor lesions, the study seeks to provide guidance for the clinical application of Ki images.

The diagnostic value of prostate-specific membrane antigen PET-CT in differentiating medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw and metastasis to the jawbone.

Introduction: Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) and jaw metastasis might share similar clinical and radiographic characteristics, with both demonstrating F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake on PET-CT. Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) PET-CT is used to demonstrate prostate cancer dissemination. Unlike FDG PET-CT, PSMA PET-CT is more specific to cancer than to inflammation.

Systematic Review of the First 40 Cases of Lu-PSMA Therapy in the Treatment of Non-prostatic Cancer.

Background/aim: The current systematic review aimed to collect and analyze all available published and unpublished cases in which prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeted radioligand therapy (Lu-PSMA) was used to treat non-prostatic cancer.

Materials And Methods: Literature search and evidence acquisition through contacts with organizations that use Lu-PSMA were employed. PubMed/Medline, SCOPUS, and ScienceDirect searches were performed following PRISMA recommendations.

Dopaminergic dysfunction in the left putamen of patients with major depressive disorder.

Introduction: Dopaminergic transmission impairment has been identified as one of the main neurobiological correlates of both depression and clinical symptoms commonly associated with its spectrum such as anhedonia and psychomotor retardation.

Objectives: We examined the relationship between dopaminergic deficit in the striatum, as measured by I-FP-CIT SPECT imaging, and specific psychopathological dimensions in patients with major depressive disorder.

Methods: To our knowledge this is the first study with a sample of >120 subjects.

Comparison of the relative diagnostic performance of Ga-DOTA-IBA and F-NaF for the detection of bone metastasis.

Purpose: We aimed to compare the relative diagnostic efficacy of Ga-Labeled DOTA-ibandronic acid (Ga-DOTA-IBA) to that ofF-NaF PET/CT as a mean of detecting bone metastases in patients with a range of cancer types.

Methods: This study retrospectively enrolled patients with bone metastases associated with various underlying malignancies. All patients underwent both Ga-DOTA-IBA and F-NaF PET/CT scans.

Advancements in PSMA ligand radiolabeling for diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer: a systematic review.

Prostate cancer(PCa), a leading global health concern, profoundly impacts millions of men worldwide. Progressing through two stages, it initially develops within the prostate and subsequently extends to vital organs such as lymph nodes, bones, lungs, and the liver. In the early phases, castration therapy is often employed to mitigate androgen effects.

Applications of FAPI PET/CT in the diagnosis and treatment of breast and the most common gynecologic malignancies: a literature review.

The fibroblast activating protein (FAP) is expressed by some fibroblasts found in healthy tissues. However, FAP is overexpressed in more than 90% of epithelial tumors, including breast and gynecological tumors. As a result, the FAP ligand could be used as a target for diagnosis and treatment purposes.

The earliest optimal timing for total-body Ga-fibroblast activation protein inhibitor-04 PET scans: an evidence-based single-centre study.

Objectives: To investigate the earliest optimal timing for positron emission tomography (PET) scans after Ga-fibroblast activation protein inhibitor-04 ([Ga]Ga-FAPI-04) injection.

Methods: This prospective study enrolled patients who underwent 60-min dynamic Ga-FAPI-04 total-body PET/CT scans; the images were reconstructed at 10-min intervals (G0-10, G10-20, G20-30, G30-40, G40-50, and G50-60), and the [Ga]Ga-FAPI-04 uptake patterns were evaluated. The standardised uptake value (SUV), liver signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and lesion-to-background ratios (LBRs) for different time windows were calculated to evaluate image quality and lesion detectability.

A single-center, multi-factor, retrospective study to improve the diagnostic accuracy of primary prostate cancer using [Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 total-body PET/CT imaging.

Purpose: To improve the diagnostic accuracy of initial detection in patients with suspected primary prostate cancer (PCa).

Methods: Eighty-four patients who underwent Gallium-68-labeled prostate-specific membrane antigen ([Ga]Ga-PSMA-11) total-body positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging before treatment in our department were enrolled. The maximum standard uptake value (SUVmax) of the prostate (SUVmax-PSMA), liver (SUVmax-PSMA-L), and mediastinal blood pool (SUVmax-PSMA-M) was measured using [Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 total-body PET/CT imaging.

The Role of Hepatobiliary Scintigraphy as the Initial Investigative Modality for Significant Bile Leak following Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy.

Introduction: Currently, the rate of bile duct injury and leak following laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is still higher than for open surgery. Diverse investigative algorithms were suggested for bile leak, shifting from hepatobiliary scintigraphy (HBS) toward invasive and more sophisticated means. We aimed to analyze the use of biliary scan as the initial modality to investigate significant bile leak in the drain following LC, attempting to avoid potential unnecessary invasive means when the scan demonstrate fair passage of nuclear substance to the intestine, without leak.

Combination of biodegradable hydrogel and antioxidant bioadhesive for treatment of breast cancer recurrence and radiation skin injury.

Postoperative radiotherapy is the standard method for inhibition of breast cancer recurrence and metastasis, whereas radiation resistant and ineluctable skin radiation injury are still key problems encountered in the prognosis of breast cancer. Herein, we design an internally implantable biodegradable hydrogel and extracutaneously applicable antioxidant bioadhesive to concurrently prevent postoperative tumor recurrence and radioactive skin injury after adjuvant radiotherapy. The biodegradable silk fibroin/perfluorocarbon hydrogel loading doxorubicin (DOX) formed by consecutive ultrasonication-induced β-sheets-crosslinked amphiphilic silk fibroin/perfluorocarbon/DOX nanoemulsion, exhibits continuous release of oxygen in physiological environment to improve hypoxia and sensitivity of radiotherapy, as well as simultaneous release of DOX to finally achieve effective anti-cancer effect.

Potential utility of [Ga]DOTA-FAPI-04 as a broad-spectrum benign disease imaging agent-comparison with [F]FDG and [Tc]MDP.

Objectives: To compare the detection performance of [Ga]DOTA-FAPI-04 positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) and [F]FDG PET/CT for patients with various benign diseases and that of [Ga]DOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT and [Tc]MDP single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) for patients with benign bone lesions.

Methods: This prospective study included 89 patients who underwent [F]FDG and [Ga]DOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT and 22 patients who underwent [Tc]MDP SPECT/CT and [Ga]DOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT. Detection performance of [Ga]DOTA-FAPI-04, [F]FDG PET/CT, and [Tc]MDP SPECT/CT for benign lesions was compared using the T/B value, T value, and true positive rate.

Combined early dynamic F-FDG PET/CT and conventional whole-body F-FDG PET/CT in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Objective: To investigate the diagnostic value of early dynamic F-FDG PET/CT(ED F-FDG PET/CT) combined with conventional whole-body F-FDG PET/CT(WB F-FDG PET/CT) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), as well as the difference of early dynamic blood flow parameters and maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) in HCC patients with/without liver cirrhosis or microvascular invasion (MVI).

Methods: Twenty-two consecutive patients (mean age 57.8 years) with 28 established HCC lesions (mean size 4.

Head-to-head intra-individual comparison of total-body 2-[F]FDG PET/CT and digital PET/CT in patients with malignant tumor: how sensitive could it be?

Objectives: To comparatively evaluate the lesion-detecting ability of 2-[F]FDG total-body PET/CT (TB PET/CT) and conventional digital PET/CT.

Methods: This study enrolled 67 patients (median age, 65 years; 24 female and 43 male patients) who underwent a TB PET/CT scan and a conventional digital PET/CT scan after a single 2-[F]FDG injection (3.7 MBq/kg).

Tumor-Specific Peroxynitrite Overproduction Disrupts Metabolic Homeostasis for Sensitizing Melanoma Immunotherapy.

Tumor cells elicit metabolic reprogramming to establish an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) for escaping from immunosurveillance. Therefore, interrupting the metabolic adaptation of tumor cells may be a promising strategy for TME immunomodulation, favoring immunotherapy. In this work, a tumor-specific peroxynitrite nanogenerator APAP-P-NO is constructed that can selectively disrupt metabolic homeostasis in melanoma cells.

Triple modality image reconstruction of PET data using SPECT, PET, CT information increases lesion uptake in images of patients treated with radioembolization with [Formula: see text] micro-spheres.

Purpose: Nuclear medicine imaging modalities like computed tomography (CT), single photon emission CT (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET) are employed in the field of theranostics to estimate and plan the dose delivered to tumors and the surrounding tissues and to monitor the effect of the therapy. However, therapeutic radionuclides often provide poor images, which translate to inaccurate treatment planning and inadequate monitoring images. Multimodality information can be exploited in the reconstruction to enhance image quality.

The added value of F-FDG PET/MRI multimodal imaging in hepatocellular carcinoma for identifying cytokeratin 19 status.

Purpose: In hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), cytokeratin 19(CK19) has been proven to be associated with clinical aggressiveness. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the added value of F-FDG PET/MRI in predicting CK19 status in HCC.

Methods: Sixty-six patients who underwent whole-body or abdominal F-FDG PET/MRI after conventional PET/CT for HCC were retrospectively enrolled.

An exploration of the feasibility and clinical value of half-dose 5-h total-body F-FDG PET/CT scan in patients with Takayasu arteritis.

Purpose: To explore the feasibility and clinical value of 5-h delayed F-fluorodeoxyglucose (F-FDG) total-body (TB) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in patients with Takayasu arteritis (TA).

Methods: This study included nine healthy volunteers who underwent 1-, 2.5-, and 5-h triple-time TB PET/CT scans and 55 patients with TA who underwent 2- and 5-h dual-time TB PET/CT scans with 1.

Ultra-low-dose CT reconstructed with the artificial intelligence iterative reconstruction algorithm (AIIR) in F-FDG total-body PET/CT examination: a preliminary study.

Purpose: To investigate the feasibility of ultra-low-dose CT (ULDCT) reconstructed with the artificial intelligence iterative reconstruction (AIIR) algorithm in total-body PET/CT imaging.

Methods: The study included both the phantom and clinical parts. An anthropomorphic phantom underwent CT imaging with ULDCT (10mAs) and standard-dose CT (SDCT) (120mAs), respectively.

Preparation, biological characterization and preliminary human imaging studies of Ga-DOTA-IBA.

Purpose: In this study, DOTA-IBA was radiolabeled with Ga and we determined the optimum labelling conditions and assessed the biological properties of Ga-DOTA-IBA. We investigated the biodistribution of Ga-DOTA-IBA in normal animals and undertook PET/CT imaging in humans. Finally, we explored the feasibility Ga-DOTA-IBA as a bone imaging agent and demonstrated its potential for the therapeutic release of Lu/Ac-DOTA-IBA.