Dietary practice and nutritional status of low-income earners in a rural adult population in Delta State, Nigeria: a cross-sectional study.

Introduction: due to the inability of low-income populations to access nutritious foods or basic education, these groups usually consume unhealthy diets, which frequently lead to nutrition issues like obesity, malnutrition, and other health morbidities. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the nutritional knowledge, dietary practices, nutritional status, and factors influencing the dietary habits of low-income persons living in a rural constituency in Southern Nigeria.

Methods: a cross-sectional study was carried out on 419 consenting low-income adults (18 years and older) using a simple random technique, in order to collect data on their socio-demographic traits, nutritional knowledge, dietary practices, and nutritional status.

Evaluating physical activities in clinical diabetes: lifestyle scores hypothesis.

Background: The concept of lifestyle-based risk scores is known but not evaluated in most rural communities of low- to mid-income countries. This study investigated the correlation of lifestyle scores with health indices.

Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional investigation.

Changes in Haematological Parameters and Lipid Profiles in Diabetes Mellitus: A Literature Review.

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by elevated blood glucose that has sequelae on cellular, haematological, and metabolic parameters, including lipid profile disturbed homeostasis, which manifest in alterations in haematological parameters and lipid profiles. These changes in haematological parameters and lipid profiles have been reported by previous research; however, the pattern of these changes and their correlation have not been elucidated. This review aims to assess these changes and investigate the degree of correlation between haematological parameters and lipid profiles in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Blood Viscosity Changes in Diabetes Mellitus: A 20-Year Bibliometric Review and Future Directions.

Changes in hematological parameters due to diabetes are reflected in changes in whole blood viscosity (WBV). Understanding the impact of diabetes and its cardiovascular disease (CVD) complications can provide substantiation of how laboratory tests for WBV are useful to monitor the progression and treatment. The review examines research work done in the past 20 years to provide a framework for the present agenda.

Effect of educational intervention on the knowledge, attitude and practice of breast self-examination among female students at a private university in Southern Nigeria.

Introduction: In Nigeria, breast cancer (BC), a disorder marked by the unchecked growth of breast cells, has been the commonest cancer among women in Nigeria. Breast self-examination (BSE) is one of the suggested methods for screening for the early diagnosis of breast cancer. However, studies have reported inadequate knowledge, negative attitudes and poor practices of BSE among undergraduate female students.

Neuroprotective aftermath of and against cassava diet containing vacuum gas oil induced brain injury in Wistar rats.

Vacuum gas oil (VGO) is a hydrocarbon combination formed during crude oil extraction, and its consumption may have neurological repercussions. This study investigated the neuroprotective properties of and in rats given cassava flour diet containing vacuum gas oil (CFD-VGO). Thirty rats were separated into six groups and treated as follows: Group 1 severed as normal control.

Evaluation of antibiotic use and analysis of ciprofloxacin and gentamicin residue in fish samples from farms in Lagos, Nigeria.

Antibiotic use in aquaculture for increase yield has been established over time; however, consumption of such fish may lead to inadvertent intake of sub therapeutic doses of antibiotics. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the extent of antibiotic use in fish farming and ciprofloxacin and gentamicin residues in fish that are consumed in Lagos, Nigeria. It was conducted in two parts: a survey of 60 fish producers to assess their use of antibiotics and an analysis of ciprofloxacin and gentamicin residues in fish organs using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

Prenatal double-hit with aluminium and cadmium mediate testicular atrophy and hypothalamic hypoplasia: the role of oxido-nitrergic stress and endocrine perturbations.

There is limited experimental evidence on the biochemical consequences of aluminium (Al) and cadmium (Cd) co-exposures during pregnancy and postnatal life.This study investigated the impacts of perinatal Al chloride (AlCl) and Cd chloride (CdCl) co-exposures on neuroendocrine functions in mice offspring during postnatal life. The study comprised of four pregnant experimental groups.

Effect of tin concentrations on the elemental and optical properties of zinc oxide thin films.

Pure zinc oxide and Sn-doped ZnO thin films were deposited on a pre-heated glass substrate from tin (II) chloride dihydrate (SnCl.2HO) and zinc acetate (Zn(CHCOO)) precursors using spray pyrolysis technique. The doped films were achieved by adding various quantities of (SnCl.

Impact of Anaemia on HbA1c Interpretation Among Normogylcaemic Individuals With Diabetes Mellitus: A Clinical Laboratory Observational Study.

Background And Aim: Over the past decades, glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) has been a gold standard for monitoring diabetes control over a long period, relative to blood glucose level (BGL) which measures short-term results. It is speculated that anaemia and factors that induce haemolysis may cause falsely elevated HbA1c leading to 'false positive' interpretations. This study aimed to investigate how anaemia impacts HbA1c.

Supplementation with vitamins D3 and a mitigates Parkinsonism in a haloperidol mice model.

Background: Earlier reports suggest that vitamin D3 (Vit D3) supplementation attenuates Parkinsonism in drug-induced motor deficits. Moreover, the function of Vit D3 may be optimized by co-administration with vitamin A (Vit A). In line with the synergistic interplay between vitamins, we hypothesized that the efficacy of Vit D3 to attenuate Parkinsonism in a haloperidol-induced mouse model of motor deficits would be more potent when concomitantly administered with Vit A.

Datura metel stramonium exacerbates behavioral deficits, medial prefrontal cortex, and hippocampal neurotoxicity in mice via redox imbalance.

Background: Datura metel (DM) stramonium is a medicinal plant often abused by Nigerians due to its psychostimulatory properties. Hallucinations, confusion, agitation, aggressiveness, anxiety, and restlessness are reported amongst DM users. Earlier studies suggest that DM induces neurotoxicity and affect brain physiology.

Synthesis and characterization of copper zinc iron sulphide (CZFS) thin films.

In an aqueous bath, quaternary thin films (TFs) of copper zinc iron sulphide (CZFS) were deposited on glass (soda-lime) substrates. The present study aimed to analyse the effect of deposition periods on the properties of the prepared CZFS TFs using Chemical bath deposition (CBD). The precursor and films were examined by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to check for the chemical formation present.

Cost-effectiveness of community diabetes screening: Application of Akaike information criterion in rural communities of Nigeria.

Background: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is increasing globally, and this requires several approaches to screening. There are reports of alternative indices for prediction of DM, besides fasting blood glucose (FBG) level. This study, investigated the ability of combination of biochemical and anthropometric parameters and orodental disease indicators (ODIs) to generate models for DM prediction, using Akaike information criterion (AIC) to substantiate health economics of diabetes screening.

Down regulatory response of reproductive potentials in stress-induced rats supplemented with clomifene citrate: The fate of infertility.

This study was designed to physiologically investigate the fate of stress related infertility conditions to focus on the regulatory response of reproductive potentials in stress-induced female Wistar rats supplemented with clomifene citrate. 42 apparently healthy female Wistar rats weighing about 120-160 g were used in the study. The animals were randomly distributed into 3 groups after acclimatization for 2 weeks.

Dietary pattern and nutritional status of female adolescents in Amai Secondary School, Delta State, Nigeria.

Introduction: there is an existing variability in eating patterns between adolescents and children. Consequently, with the adoption of westernised way of life, this translates to a change in eating habits and food choices. This study was designed to investigate the dietary patterns and nutritional status of the female adolescents in Amai Secondary Commercial School, Delta State, Nigeria.

Appraising the risk level of physicochemical and bacteriological twin contaminants of water resources in part of the western Niger Delta region.

This study was carried out to assess the physicochemical and bacteriological contaminants of surface, shallow well and municipal borehole waters in part of the western Niger Delta as a way of safeguarding public health against waterborne diseases. A total of 72 water samples collected from the study area were analysed and their results show that the pH average value ranges from 6.2 in the dry to 8.

Barriers in determining prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus among postpartum GDM: The research and retraining needs of healthcare professionals.

Aim: A large percentage of gestational diabetes (GDM) are undiagnosed, and prevalence of postpartum type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is unknown, especially in developing countries. This study assessed barriers to GDM diagnosis and postpartum follow-up; to determine educational needs.

Materials And Methods: This was a clinical observational study of records and procedures of antenatal services at two hospitals.

Evaluation of ADL and BMI in the management of diabetes mellitus at secondary and tertiary health facilities.

Aims: Physical activities of daily living (ADL) constitutes one of diabetes management options. This study aimed to assess the extent that ADL and BMI are evaluated among diabetes patients in hospital practice.

Method: This was a clinical observational baseline study in two hospitals.

Prediabetes and cardiovascular complications study (PACCS): international collaboration 4 years' summary and future direction.

Objective: The prediabetes and cardiovascular complications studies proposes to develop a screening protocol for diabetes cardiovascular risk, and strategies for holistic management amongst others. Over 500 participants were recruited in the first 2 years of rural community research screening. Specific for this report, various published findings were reviewed.

Utilization of Primary Health Care Services in Jaba Local Government Area of Kaduna State Nigeria.

Background: Primary health care was designed to provide accessible health care for all. However, most primary health care facilities are in various states of disrepair, catering for less than 20% of potential patients in the population. This study was designed to investigate the utilisation of primary health care services in Jaba Local Government Area of Kaduna State Nigeria.

Prevalence of hyperglycemia and risk factors for orodental disease in Nigeria: Implications of opportunistic screening.

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with complications and orodental disease. Whether screening for DM during orodental health visits is a potential option is yet to be established in Nigeria. This study aims at assessing the prevalence of hyperglycemia in orodental disease as a clinical scenario to capitalize for opportunistic screening.