Application of electrodeposition for Nickel Nanoparticle-Modified Electrodes in Biochemical Systems.

Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) have garnered significant attention from researchers as an innovative and environmentally friendly method for the treatment of urban and industrial wastewater. The type and material of the electrode are critical factors affecting the efficiency and energy production of this process. The electrodeposition method was employed to dope nickel (Ni) and modify the surface of graphite plates (GP) and carbon felt (CF).

Electrochemical aptasensor based on zirconium/copper oxides embedded in mesoporous carbon derived from bimetallic metal-organic framework for ultrasensitive detection of miR-21.

A novel electrochemical aptasensor based on bimetallic zirconium and copper oxides embedded within mesoporous carbon (denoted as ZrOCuO@mC) was constructed to detect miRNA. The porous ZrOCuO@mC was created through the pyrolysis of bimetallic zirconium/copper-based metal-organic framework (ZrCu-MOF). The substantial surface area and high porosity of ZrOCuO@mC nanocomposite along with its robust affinity toward aptamer strands, facilitated the effective anchoring of aptamer strands on the ZrOCuO@mC-modified electrode surface.

Surface modification of AISI 316L stainless steel by applying single and multilayer coatings: Study of elastic modulus and antibacterial properties.

AISI 316L stainless steel is extensively used in various fields, including medicine. In this study, in order to improve antibacterial properties, reduce elastic modulus, increase hydrophilicity and delay corrosion on the surface of AISI 316L stainless steel pieces for biomedical applications, zinc and magnesium elements were used for coating. Zn monolayer, Zn-Mg bilayer, and Zn-Mg-Zn triple coatings were deposited on AISI 316L substrates using the thermal evaporation method.

Exploiting the synergistic effect of β-cyclodextrin functionalized-multi-walled carbon nanotubes and Zn-MOF for the detection of endocrine-disrupting chemical methylparaben.

Background: The buildup of methylparaben (MP), a broad-spectrum antimicrobial preservative with endocrine-disrupting properties, in environmental sources, especially aquatic systems, has become a significant concern due to its adverse health effects, including allergic reactions, promoting the risk of developing cancer, and inducing reproductive disorders. Hence, introducing inexpensive and easy-to-use monitoring devices for rapid, selective, and sensitive detection and quantification of MP is highly desirable. In this context, electrochemical platforms have proven to be attractive options due to their remarkable features, such as ease of fabrication and use, short response time, and acceptable sensitivity, accuracy, and selectivity.

Enhanced remediation of naphthalene from aqueous solutions using synthesized organoclay: characterization, mechanisms, and isotherms.

Water contamination by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), particularly naphthalene, is a serious environmental concern due to its persistence, bioaccumulation, and toxicity. This study explores the adsorption behavior of naphthalene using organobentonite (OBt), synthesized by intercalating cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) into sodium bentonite (SBt) with varying cation exchange capacities (CECs). The effectiveness of OBt in naphthalene adsorption was evaluated by analyzing key parameters, including CEC, contaminant concentration, and contact time.

Development of a new solar system integrating photovoltaic and thermoelectric modules with paraffin-based nanomaterials.

This study investigates a comprehensive enhancement strategy for photovoltaic (PV) panel efficiency, focusing on increasing electrical output through the integration of parabolic reflectors, advanced cooling mechanisms, and thermoelectric generation. Parabolic reflectors are implemented in the system to maximize solar irradiance on the PV panel's surface, while a specialized cooling system is introduced to regulate temperature distribution across the silicon layer. This cooling system consists of a finned duct filled with paraffin (RT35HC) and enhanced with SWCNT nanoparticles, which improve the thermal properties of the paraffin, facilitating more effective heat dissipation.

Substantially Improving CO Permeability and CO/CH Selectivity of Matrimid Using Functionalized-TiCT.

Mixed-matrix membranes (MMMs) with favorable interfacial interactions between dispersed and continuous phases offer a promising approach to overcome the traditional trade-off between permeability and selectivity in membrane-based gas separation. In this study, we developed free-standing MMMs by embedding pristine and surface-modified TiCT MXenes into Matrimid 5218 polymer for efficient CO/CH separation. Two-dimensional TiCT with adjustable surface terminations provided control over these critical interfacial interactions.

A novel blue-green infrastructure for providing potential drinking water source from urban stormwater through a sustainable physical-biological treatment.

In this research, a sustainable blue-green infrastructure (BGI) was developed to efficiently remove contaminants from stormwater through a combined use of modified porous asphalt (PA) and microalgae cultivation to provide a potential drinking water (DW) source. According to the results, the modified PA with powder activated carbon (PAC) could successfully reduce the level of total suspended solids (TSS), turbidity, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), oil and grease to below the DW standards but failed to efficiently remove some heavy metals (HMs) and nutrient pollutants. The results revealed that the treated stormwater was an appropriate medium for microalgae cultivation.

Pseudo random bit generator in QCA for high speed communications.

Quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) technology is another new technology in the field of nanoelectronics and quantum. With the help of this technology, basic to advanced digital circuits can be designed and implemented with low energy consumption and small area. Therefore, in this paper, a new design for a four- and eight-bit Linear feedback shift register (LFSR) or random counter, as well as a rising-edge-sensitive D flip-flop with the least possible number of cells and the smallest area, was presented.

Advancements in electrochemical sensor technology for warfarin detection: a comprehensive review.

Warfarin (WA), the most prescribed oral anticoagulant in patients with atrial fibrillation, is widely utilized for the treatment of various diseases, such as vascular disorders, venous thrombosis, and atrial fibrillation. However, its abnormal concentration is linked to a variety of disorders and diseases, namely bleeding while brushing teeth, skin tissue issues, hair loss, and chest pain. Therefore, WA monitoring in blood serum is vital due to its narrow therapeutic window.

Study on the performance of hydrophilic curing agent and environmentally friendly non-pozzolanic filler for the development of self-curing self-compacting concrete.

Self-compacting concrete (SCC) is often used when compaction is difficult, requiring special attention to the curing process. However, traditional curing methods usually fail in practice. Despite taking precise measures to control water evaporation, surface water on vertical structure elements can still be problematic.

Design of a microneedle-based enzyme biosensor using a simple and cost-effective electrochemical strategy to monitor superoxide anion released from cancer cells.

Early detection of Reactive oxygen species (ROS) concentration is very important in cancer diagnosis, pathological examinations, and health screening. Studies show that changes in ROS concentration occurs in a short time, causing irreparable damage to living cells and organs. Miniaturized sensors and microelectrodes are capable of online monitoring of electrochemical reactions both in vitro and in vivo.

Menadione Sodium Bisulfite Loaded Rhamnolipid Based Solid Lipid Nanoparticle as Skin Lightener Formulation: A Green Production Beside In Vitro/In Vivo Safety Index Evaluation.

Purpose: In the current investigation, an ultrasonic approach was performed to produce menadione sodium bisulfite-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (MSB-SLNs) with rhamnolipid as bio-surfactant, which aimed to increase the dermal delivery and anti-pigmentation effect.

Methods: To achieve optimum delivery for MSB, the impact of the ratio of two surfactants (rhamnolipid: Tween) on nanoparticle attributes and the respective functions were evaluated. In vitro diffusion process, in vitro cytotoxicity assay, determination of melanin content of melanoma cells, L-DOPA auto-oxidation inhibitory test, and skin irritation studies carried out to investigate the suitability of MSB formulation in dermal application.

A New Remote Monitoring System: Evaluation of the Efficiency and Accuracy of the Smart Emergency Medical System-Health Internet of Things Device.

Background: The remote medical monitoring system can facilitate monitoring patients with cardiac arrhythmia, and consequently, reduce mortality and complications in individuals requiring emergency interventions. Hence, it is necessary to evaluate new telemedicine devices and compare them with standard devices. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate and compare the new remote monitoring system, Smart Emergency Medical System-Health Internet of Things (SEMS-HIOT) developed by the Health Technology Development Centre of Babol University of Medical Sciences on patients with different cardiac arrhythmias and compare it with the standard device.

Influence of personal and career burnout on female employers' subjective evaluation of workplace acoustic environment.

Background: Burnout is an increasingly common problem in modern work settings that significantly affects people's health and well-being. Several studies have emphasized the impact of career burnout on employees' performance and efficiency. It is unknown whether career burnout mediated by personal burnout may affect employees' perception of their workplace physical environment attributes.

LSTM-based framework for predicting point defect percentage in semiconductor materials using simulated XRD patterns.

In this paper, we present a machine learning-based approach that leverages Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks combined with a sliding window technique for feature extraction, aimed at accurately predicting point defect percentages in semiconductor materials based on simulated X-ray Diffraction (XRD) data. The model was initially trained on silicon-simulated XRD data with defect percentages ranging from 1 to 5%, enabling it to predict defect percentages from 0 to 10% in silicon and other semiconductor materials, including AlAs, CdS, GaAs, Ge, and ZnS. Through extensive experimentation, we explored different sequence lengths and LSTM units, identifying the optimal configuration as a sequence length of 3501 and 4500 units, which yielded the best results.

Investigation and thermodynamic analysis of hydrogen liquefaction cycles: Energy and exergy study.

The use of hydrogen as a clean fuel has drawn the attention of many scientists due to the problem of energy and environmental pollution caused by fossil fuels. One of the important requirements for expanding the use of hydrogen is the investigation and thermodynamic analysis of liquefaction cycle; this includes the thermodynamic investigation of different cycles of hydrogen liquefaction in pre-cooling and cryogenic cooling. Thermodynamic analysis comprises an examination of the cycle's energy and exergy, as well as the equipment employed.

On the use of thermomechanical processing to enhance the strength-ductility-toughness balance of plain low-carbon steel.

This study aimed to fabricate a dual-phase (DP) steel with a combination of high strength-ductility-toughness by thermomechanical processing for industrial applications. Accordingly, the effects of 40 % cold deformation and intercritical annealing temperature on the microstructural evolution and tensile properties of low-carbon steel were studied. The microstructure of dual-phase steels consisted of ferrite (α) and martensite (α'), however, the morphology of martensite was different.

Efficient adsorption of acid orange 7 from wastewater using novel bio-natural granular bentonite-sawdust-corncob (GBSC): Mixture optimization, adsorption kinetic and regeneration.

The removal of dyes from industrial wastewater is one of the most environmental challenges that should be addressed through sustainable technologies. In this study, a novel green and cost-effective granular from bentonite and bio-wastes of sawdust and corncob (GBSC) was prepared for sustainable treatment of acid orange 7 (AO7) dye wastewater. The d-optimal mixture method was employed to determine the optimum combination of the GBSC in terms of dye adsorption and structure stability.

Enhancing microalgae-based biofuels production, wastewater treatment and bio-products generation by synergistic effect of iron and zinc addition to real municipal wastewater.

The feasibility of microalgae-based biofuel production is still unclear due to the high cost and energy consumption. In order to be competitive with traditional fuels, the price per unit biofuel produced should be reduced by improving microalgal cells quality for higher biofuels productivity as well as enhancing microalgae other advantages such as wastewater treatment (WWT) and CO bio-fixation. In this research, the synergistic effect of iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) addition to municipal wastewater (MWW) on Chlorella sorokiniana Pa.

A Full-wave Solution of Deep Sources in the Lossy Human Head to Accurate Electroencephalography and Magnetoencephalography.

Introduction: Currents in the brain flow inside neurons and across their boundaries into the extracellular medium, create electric and magnetic fields. These fields, which contain suitable information on brain activity, can be measured by electroencephalography (EEG), magnetoencephalography (MEG), and direct neural imaging.

Methods: In this paper, we employed an electromagnetic model of the neuron activity and human head to derive electric and magnetic fields (brain waves) using a full-wave approach (ie.

The effect of buoyancy force on natural convection heat transfer of nanofluid flow in triangular cavity with different barriers.

This article aims to investigate the thermophysical properties of viscous nanofluid in the two-dimensional geometry of a triangular cavity containing inverted triangle, square, and rhombus obstacles with different boundary conditions. The boundary conditions of the triangular cavity are investigated in two mechanisms: 1) uniform temperature at the base of the cavity and 2) non-uniform temperature (sinusoidal function) at the base of the cavity. The finite element method was used to solve the governing equations of the viscous nanofluid flow.

Analytical solution for MHD nanofluid flow over a porous wedge with melting heat transfer.

This study employs the Hybrid Analytical-Numerical (HAN) method to investigate steady two-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) nanofluid flow over a permeable wedge. Analyzing hyperbolic tangent nanofluid flow, the governing time-independent partial differential equations (PDEs) for continuity, momentum, energy, and concentration transform into a set of nonlinear third-order coupled ordinary differential equations (ODEs) through similarity transformations. These ODEs encompass critical parameters such as Lewis and Prandtl numbers, Brownian diffusion, Weissenberg number, thermophoresis, Dufour and Soret numbers, magnetic field strength, thermal radiation, power law index, and medium permeability.

An ensemble learning-based prediction model for the compressive strength degradation of concrete containing superabsorbent polymers (SAP).

Super absorbent polymer (SAP) has a capacity to enhance the characteristics of cementitious composites in both their fresh and hardened forms. However, it is essential to recognize that the strength of SAP concrete may decrease. By altering the concrete composition and selecting the appropriate type of SAP, it is possible to reduce this reduction.