Characterization of flavor profiles of water-boiled pork meatballs at different ultrasonic powers using solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry combined with electronic nose.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the flavor profiles of water-boiled pork meatballs at different ultrasonic powers (0, 150, 300, 450, 600, and 750 W) using solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SPME-GC-MS) combined with electronic nose (E-nose). A total of 36 volatile compounds were determined by SPME-GC-MS, including alcohols, aromatic hydrocarbons, aldehydes, terpenes, alkanes, phenols, ketones, and other. With the appropriate ultrasound treatment, the type and relative content of volatile compounds were significantly increased (P < 0.

Pyrimidinergic P2Y1-Like Nucleotide Receptors Are Functional in Rat Conjunctival Goblet Cells.

Purpose: To investigate the presence of uridine-5'-triphosphate (UTP)-activated P2Y1-like nucleotide receptors (P2Y2R, P2Y4R, and P2Y6R) in conjunctival goblet cells (CGCs) and determine if they increase intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) and induce mucin secretion.

Methods: Adult, male rat conjunctiva was used for culture of CGCs. To investigate the expression of P2YRs, mRNA was extracted from CGCs and used for reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) with commercially obtained primers specific to P2Y2R, P2Y4R, and P2Y6R.

Improved Annotation of Asthma Gene Variants with Cell Type Deconvolution of Nasal and Lung Expression-Quantitative Trait Loci.

Asthma is a genetically complex inflammatory airway disease associated with over 200 Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). However, the functional effects of many asthma-associated SNPs in lung and airway epithelial samples are unknown. Here, we aimed to conduct expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) analysis using a meta-analysis of nasal and lung samples.

Sap Anthropometric Landmark: A Morphometric Orientation Point of the Nasal Tip.

The aim of the present study is to introduce a new anthropometric landmark (sap), parameter (sap-sap) for measuring a width of nasal tip and 7 new proportion indexes. For determinate data mean with standard deviation, 200 healthy individuals (100 men and 100 women) were included in the study. The authors determined and pointed 9 paired cranio-facial anthropometric landmarks: sap, al, ac, mf, en, ex, zy, ch, go.

Dispersal of influenza virus populations within the respiratory tract shapes their evolutionary potential.

Viral infections are characterized by dispersal from an initial site to secondary locations within the host. How the resultant spatial heterogeneity shapes within-host genetic diversity and viral evolutionary pathways is poorly understood. Here, we show that virus dispersal within and between the nasal cavity and trachea maintains diversity and is therefore conducive to adaptive evolution, whereas dispersal to the lungs gives rise to population heterogeneity.

Early detection and management of hearing loss to reduce dementia risk in older adults with mild cognitive impairment: findings from the treating auditory impairment and cognition trial (TACT).

Background: Age-related hearing loss and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) independently increase dementia risk. The Ageing and Cognitive Health Evaluation in Elders randomised controlled trial (RCT) found hearing aids reduce cognitive decline in high-risk older adults with poor hearing.

Methods: This pilot RCT in London memory clinics randomised people with MCI (aged ≥55, untreated hearing loss defined as Pure Tone Average 0.

Design Principles From Natural Olfaction for Electronic Noses.

Natural olfactory systems possess remarkable sensitivity and precision beyond what is currently achievable by engineered gas sensors. Unlike their artificial counterparts, noses are capable of distinguishing scents associated with mixtures of volatile molecules in complex, typically fluctuating environments and can adapt to changes. This perspective examines the multifaceted biological principles that provide olfactory systems their discriminatory prowess, and how these ideas can be ported to the design of electronic noses for substantial improvements in performance across metrics such as sensitivity and ability to speciate chemical mixtures.

Risk of Biopsy and Surgical Treatment of Subglottic Paragangliomas: A Case Report.

This report describes a rare case of a paraganglioma occurring beneath the vocal folds. During the preoperative biopsy, we encountered significant hemorrhage, forcing us to stop the procedure and preventing us from obtaining a definitive diagnosis. Despite these challenges, the eventual surgery had a good outcome.

Putting Nose into Reproduction: Influence of Nasal and Reproductive Odourant Signaling on Male Reproduction.

Odourant receptors (ORs) are not restricted only to the nose, but also occur in many other organs and tissues, including the reproductive system. In fact, ORs are the most heavily expressed in testis than in any other extra-nasal tissue. Accumulating evidence suggests that olfactory and reproductive systems are both structurally and functionally linked and that these interconnections can influence various aspects of reproduction.

Evaluation of the location of posterior superior alveolar artery and infraorbital foramen originating from the same source by using cone beam computed tomography.

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence, location and diameters of Posterior superior alveolar artery (PSAA) and Infraorbital foramen (IOF) to find out whether there is any relationship between PSAA and IOF, and to predict their location relative to each other in surgical procedures by using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Material And Method: Bilateral maxillary sinuses were analysed retrospectively in 170 patients with no missing teeth in the maxillary posterior region. The largest locations of PSAA and IOF in the maxillary sinus were determined and their size, shape, location in relation to the teeth and distances from anatomical points were evaluated.

Multigas Identification by Temperature-Modulated Operation of a Single Anodic Aluminum Oxide Gas Sensor Platform and Deep Learning Algorithm.

Semiconductor metal oxide (SMO) gas sensors are gaining prominence owing to their high sensitivity, rapid response, and cost-effectiveness. These sensors detect changes in resistance resulting from oxidation-reduction reactions with target gases, responding to a variety of gases simultaneously. However, their inherent limitations lie in selectivity.

Characterization of Pediatric Extrathoracic Aerosol Deposition with Air-Jet Dry Powder Inhalers.

The use of air-jet dry powder inhalers (DPIs) offers a number of advantages for the administration of pharmaceutical aerosols, including the ability to achieve highly efficient and potentially targeted aerosol delivery to the lungs of children using the oral or trans-nasal routes of administration. To better plan targeted lung delivery of pharmaceutical aerosols with these inhalers, more information is needed on the extrathoracic (ET) depositional loss in pediatric subjects when using relatively small (e.g.

Incidence of Hearing Loss in Preschoolers Presenting With Delayed Speech.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess hearing level of preschoolers with delayed speech in order to detect any underlying hearing loss Methods: In this research we targeted preschool children with speech delay, who have not been previously diagnosed with any medical or psychological illnesses. A total of 54 preschool speech-delayed children were audiologically assessed in our clinic in the past year. The age at time of referral ranged from two to 7.

Unveiling the safety landscape: A comprehensive review of the toxicological profile of facial aesthetic implants and biomaterials.

Exploring diverse biomaterials and implants in the ear, nose, and throat by understanding adverse effects and post-usage events. Literature was obtained from Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science. A comprehensive analysis was conducted on original research studies, case reports, and case series spanning from December 2010 to May 2022.

Association between oral feeding versus enteral feeding and cerumen impaction in older hospitalized adults: A retrospective cohort study.

Background: Chewing involves jaw movements that propel cerumen along the ear canal. This mechanism may be reduced in dysphagia, especially for older individuals who are enterally fed. Those patients may be at a higher risk for cerumen impaction and may require longer hospital stays.

Auricular Mucormycosis: Comprehensive Literature Review.

Auricular mucormycosis is an exceptionally rare and aggressive fungal infection primarily affecting immunocompromised individuals, particularly those with poorly controlled diabetes. This report presents the case of a 54-year-old diabetic woman with isolated auricular mucormycosis and facial nerve palsy. The patient developed right auricular edema, necrosis, and severe pain, progressing over 10 days, with no history of trauma.

Influencing Factors for Residual Symptoms Following Canalith Repositioning Maneuver in Patients with Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo.

We aimed to analyze the influencing factors for residual symptoms following canalith repositioning maneuvers in patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). A total of 193 patients with BPPV who attended our hospital from July 2019 to December 2023 and were followed up in the outpatient clinic for 4 weeks after treatment were selected. The presence or absence of residual symptoms 4 weeks after repositioning was recorded, based on which the patients were assigned into a presence group (n = 72) and an absence group (n = 121).

Efficacy of Using Photobiomodulation Therapy in Allergic Rhinitis: A Placebo-Controlled Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Recent studies have extensively explored new non-invasive and side-effect-free therapeutic strategies for the treatment of allergic rhinitis (AR). Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) utilizes photons from the red to infrared spectrum to modulate biological processes, exhibiting anti-inflammatory and regenerative properties. The objective of our study was to evaluate the efficacy of PBMT in patients with AR.

Adaptive insights: dynamic assessment for speech sound intervention in a child with cleft lip and palate.

Dynamic assessment (DA) is a new approach to evaluating speech and language disorders, focusing on the learning process over static abilities. It involves a test-teach-retest format and uses the mediated learning experience (MLE) to measure a child's modifiability through intervention efforts. This method is especially relevant for children with cleft lip and palate (CLP).

Sequence learning following maternal immune activation.

Maternal immune activation (MIA) is a risk factor for schizophrenia. Since memory for sequence and stimulus order are disrupted in individuals with schizophrenia, we tested whether MIA animals showed deficits in a sequence learning and object-place recency memory task. In experiment one, control and MIA-challenged rats were required to nose poke five ports in a cued sequence.

The establishment of ham grade, sensory scores and key flavor substances prediction models for Jinhua ham via E-nose combined with machine learning.

Unique organoleptic and flavor attributes of Jinhua ham are associated with their qualities. However, methods for quickly predicting the grade of hams, sensory scores and key flavor substances have not been systematically established. This study used sensory evaluation and E-nose to analyze the sensory differences for different grades of Jinhua ham.

Intranasal administration of antiseizure drugs using new formulation trends: one step closer to reach clinical trials.

Introduction: Although there are numerous options for epilepsy treatment, its effective control continues unsatisfactory. Thus, search for alternative therapeutic options to improve the efficacy/safety binomial of drugs becomes very attractive to investigate. In this context, intranasal administration of antiseizure drugs formulated on state-of-the-art nanosystems can be a promising strategy.

Investigating the decomposition mechanism of DNAN/DNB cocrystal explosive under high temperature using ReaxFF/lg molecular dynamics simulations.

Context: DNAN/DNB cocrystals, as a newly developed type of energetic material, possess superior safety and thermal stability, making them a suitable alternative to traditional melt-cast explosives. Nonetheless, an exploration of the thermal degradation dynamics of the said cocrystal composite has heretofore remained uncharted. Consequently, we engaged the ReaxFF/lg force field modality to delve into the thermal dissociation processes of the DNAN/DNB cocrystal assembly across a spectrum of temperatures, encompassing 2500, 2750, 3000, 3250, and 3500 K.