Hyaluronic Acid-Based Hybrid Nanoparticles as Promising Carriers for the Intranasal Administration of Dimethyl Fumarate.

Purpose: Dimethyl fumarate (DMF), the first-line oral therapy for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, is rapidly metabolized into monomethyl fumarate. The DMF oral administration provokes gastrointestinal discomfort causing treatment withdrawal. The present study aimed to develop an innovative formulation for DMF nasal administration.

Interventions used to reduce infectious aerosol concentrations in hospitals-a review.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the need for improved infectious aerosol concentrations through interventions that reduce the transmission of airborne infections. The aims of this review were to map the existing literature on interventions used to improve infectious aerosol concentrations in hospitals and understand challenges in their implementation.

Methods: We reviewed peer-reviewed articles identified on three databases, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library from inception to July 2024.

Exploration of milk flavor: From the perspective of raw milk, pasteurized milk, and UHT milk.

In this study, raw milk was collected from three different grades of pastures and processed by pasteurization, blending and ultra-high temperature sterilization (UHT) in a factory production line with a feed size of 10 tons. Additionally, all samples (from raw milk to UHT milk samples) were analyzed by -nose and GC-MS. Key flavor compounds such as 2-heptanone, hexanal, nonanal, 3-methyl-butanal, and dimethyl sulfide were found.

Tracing the change of the volatile compounds of soy sauce at different fermentation times by PTR-TOF-MS, -nose and GC-MS.

Proton-transfer reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometry (PTR-TOF-MS), combined with electronic nose (-nose), was first used to track the change of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in soy sauce in this study. The results showed that 163 VOCs with different mass numbers were identified. Based on the differences in VOCs, the entire fermentation cycle was divided into four stages (0D and 15D; 30D-75D; 90D; 105D-120D).

Clinical Characteristics of Ear Chondroid Syringoma: A Report of 2 Cases and a Literature Review.

Chondroid syringoma, a mixed tumor of the skin, is an acquired hamartoma that differentiates into hair follicles, sebaceous glands, and apocrine sweat glands. Chondroid syringoma in the ear region is exceptionally rare. However, we present 2 cases of ear chondroid syringoma: 1 involving multiple lesions in the external auditory canal and the other including a single lesion behind the auricle.

Asymptomatic carriage and molecular characterization of Staphylococcus aureus in pre-clinical and clinical medical students.

Medical students are exposed to the hospital environment and patients during their studies, increasing the risk of exposure to virulent and antibiotic-resistant isolates of Staphylococcus aureus. The aim of the study is to determine the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus among medical students who have varying levels of exposure to the hospital environment to provide valuable insights into the risk of colonization and transmission. Nasal swabs and fingerprints were obtained and cultured on a selective medium for staphylococci.

Recent advances in research on common targets of neurological and sex hormonal influences on asthma.

Background: Asthma is currently one of the most common of respiratory diseases, severely affecting the lives of patients. With the in-depth study of the role of the nervous system and sex hormones on the development of asthma, it has been found that the nervous system and sex hormones are related to each other in the pathway of asthma.

Objective: To investigate the effects of sex hormones and the nervous system on the development of asthma.

Quality Evaluation of Wenyujin Rhizoma Concisum From Different Districts in China Based on HPLC, Heracles NEO Ultrafast Gas-Phase Electronic Nose, and FT-NIR.

Introduction: Wenyujin Rhizoma Concisum, named as Pian Jianghuang (PJH) in China, is the decoction piece from the dried rhizome of Curcuma wenyujin Y. H. Chenet C.

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Background: Biosynthetic porcine type I collagen dressing is useful to close ulcers and secondary intention healing of surgical cancer wounds.

Objective: To identify factors associated with the healing time of such wounds.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational study of patients on oncological dermatological surgery in a cancer center.

Symptoms at population Eliciting Doses ≤ED05 for 11 priority allergenic foods are mild to moderate.

Insight into symptoms at low doses of protein from priority allergenic foods may support decision making and acceptance of harmonized reference doses for Precautionary Allergen Labeling (PAL). Symptoms were extracted from double-blind placebo-controlled food challenges underlying the full range Eliciting Dose (ED) distributions (Houben et al., 2020).

Visualizing the spatial distribution of Alprazolam in the mouse brain following nasal administration using desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry imaging.

Alprazolam (Alp), a triazolobenzodiazepine, is widely prescribed for the treatment of sleep disorders, anxiety, and panic disorder. While oral administration remains the standard route, its slow onset of action has prompted interest in intranasal delivery as an alternative, offers the potential for direct drug delivery to the brain. This study aims to develop a fast-acting intranasal formulation of Alp (Alp-nd).

CMPK2 promotes NLRP3 inflammasome activation via mtDNA-STING pathway in house dust mite-induced allergic rhinitis.

Background: House dust mite (HDM) is the leading allergen for allergic rhinitis (AR). Although allergic sensitisation by inhaled allergens renders susceptible individuals prone to developing AR, the molecular mechanisms driving this process remain incompletely elucidated.

Objective: This study aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying HDM-induced AR.

Neural processing of auditory stimuli in rats: translational aspects using auditory oddball paradigms.

Background: The three-class oddball paradigm allows to investigate the processing of behaviorally relevant and irrelevant auditory stimuli. In humans, event-related potentials (ERPs) are used as neural correlate of behavior. We recorded local field potentials (LFPs) within the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) in rats during three-class and passive two-class oddball paradigms and analyzed the ERPs focusing on similarities to human recordings.

Characterization changes of volatile organic compounds in Aconitum sinomontanum Nakai (Gao Wu Tou) with different proportions of yellow wine steamed by GC-IMS, E-nose.

Gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS) combined with multiple analytical methods and E-nose were used to study the differences in volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in 0 %, 10 %, 15 %, 20 %, 25 % yellow wine steamed A. sinomontanum and its raw products. The results indicated that the VOCs in different proportions of yellow wine steamed A.

Rare constituents of the nasal microbiome contribute to the acute exacerbation of chronic rhinosinusitis.

Background: Dysbiosis of the nasal microbiome is considered to be related to the acute exacerbation of chronic rhinosinusitis (AECRS). The microbiota in the nasal cavity of AECRS patients and its association with disease severity has rarely been studied. This study aimed to characterize nasal dysbiosis in a prospective cohort of patients with AECRS.

Exploring the Intricate Connection Between Vitamin B12 Deficiency and Hearing Loss: A Systematic Literature Review.

Vitamin B12 is an essential nutrient crucial for overall health, and deficiencies can lead to hearing loss. The aim of the systematic review was to explore the intricate connection between vitamin B12 deficiency and hearing loss using a systematic literature review. A systematic literature search was carried out to identify the articles exploring the connection between vitamin B12 deficiency and hearing loss.

The Crooked Nose-Surgical Algorithm in Post-Traumatic Patient-Evaluation of Surgical Sequence.

A crooked nose is a challenge for a surgeon performing rhinoplasty. When performed correctly, rhinoseptoplasty aligns the nasal framework, restores nasal patency, and achieves facial symmetry. The key to this procedure is to dissect all the structures of the nasal framework, mobilize, reposition, and stabilize them.

Additively Manufactured Flexible EGaIn Sensor for Dynamic Detection and Sensing on Ultra-Curved Surfaces.

Electronic skin is widely employed in multiple applications such as health monitoring, robot tactile perception, and bionic prosthetics. In this study, we fabricated millimeter-scale electronic skin featuring compact sensing units using the Boston Micro Fabrication S130 (a high-precision additive manufacturing device) and the template removal method. We used a gallium-based liquid metal and achieved an inner channel diameter of 0.

Induces Two Types of Dendritic Cell Activation and Effectively Suppresses Onset of the Common Cold: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Background/objectives: GCL1815 is a lactic acid bacterium thought to activate dendritic cells. This randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study aimed to evaluate the effects of GCL1815 on human dendritic cells and the onset of the common cold.

Methods: Two hundred participants were divided into two groups and took capsules containing either six billion GCL1815 cells or placebo for 8 weeks.

Secretome of the Olfactory Ensheathing Cells Influences the Behavior of Neural Stem Cells.

Olfactory ensheathing cell (OEC) transplantation demonstrates promising therapeutic results in neurological disorders, such as spinal cord injury. The emerging cell-free secretome therapy compensates for the limitations of cell transplantation, such as low cell survival rates. However, the therapeutic benefits of the human OEC secretome remain unclear.

Distribution of Airway Findings in ANCA-Associated Vasculitis: A 20-Year Observational Analysis.

Pulmonary involvement is commonly observed in anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV), presenting with manifestations such as diffuse alveolar hemorrhage, inflammatory infiltrates, pulmonary nodules, and tracheobronchial disease. We aimed to identify distinct subgroups of tracheobronchial disease patterns in patients with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) using latent class analysis (LCA), and to evaluate their clinical characteristics and outcomes. We conducted a retrospective cohort study using electronic medical records of patients aged >18 years diagnosed with AAV and tracheobronchial disease between 1 January 2002 and 6 September 2022.

A Sustainable and Flexible Carbon Paper-Based Multifunctional Human-Machine Interface (HMI) Sensor.

We have executed a cost-effective approach to produce a high-performance multifunctional human-machine interface (HMI) humidity sensor. The designed sensors were ecofriendly, flexible, and highly sensitive to variability in relative humidity (%RH) in the surroundings. In this study, we have introduced a humidity sensor by using carbon paper (as both a substrate and sensing material) and a silver (Ag) conductive ink pen.

Computer-aided design and fabrication of statistically shaped nasal prostheses: A feasibility study.

Statement Of Problem: A nasal prosthesis may compensate for a partial or complete defect of the nose associated with trauma or amputation. However, the design and production is time-consuming, expensive, and expertize-dependent. Computer-generated prosthesis models and 3D printing can optimize the process.

Novel Nose-to-brain delivery of carbenoxolone via mucoadhesive solid lipid nanoparticles for Parkinson's symptoms management: In vitro and in vivo evaluation in a rotenone-induced rat model.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a debilitating neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms, with limited effective treatment options. This study proposes a novel approach utilizing intranasal delivery of carbenoxolone (CBX) via chitosan-coated solid lipid nanoparticles (CS-coated SLNs) to manage PD symptoms by enhancing CBX delivery and brain targeting. Formulated CS-coated SLNs exhibited favorable quality attributes including particle size (164 ± 0.

Multidimensional analysis of the flavor characteristics of yellow peach at different ripening stages: Chemical composition profiling and sensory evaluation.

The flavor evolution of yellow peaches during ripening was investigated using a gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS), metabolomics, and electronic sensoristic techniques. Of the 41 volatiles quantified, 13 increased the intensity of the aroma based on the odor activity values (OAVs). Additionally, 142 non-volatile compounds were identified.