Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction and Concomitant Focal Cartilage Lesions: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prognosis after Surgical Treatment.

Objective: To synthesize available evidence on the impact of concomitant focal cartilage lesions and their surgical treatment on clinical outcomes in the setting of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)-reconstruction at short (6-36 months) and midterm (3-8 years) follow-up.

Design: Original level 1 or 2 studies comparing any patient-reported or objective outcomes in ACL-reconstructed patients (1) with and without concomitant focal cartilage lesion(s) or (2) after any type of cartilage surgical treatment were considered for inclusion. Systematic searches were conducted in MEDLINE via Ovid, Cochrane Library, EMBASE via OvidSP, and Web of Science.

Precision and accuracy of four handheld blood lactate analyzers across low to high exercise intensities.

Purpose: To evaluate the precision and accuracy in measured blood lactate concentrations among four commonly used handheld lactate analyzers compared to two stationary analyzers.

Methods: Venous blood samples were taken at exercise intensities ranging from low to high. The blood lactate concentration was measured simultaneously with four pairs of handheld lactate analyzers (two new units of each brand: Lactate Plus, Lactate Pro2, Lactate Scout 4, and TaiDoc TD-4289), and compared with two stationary analyzers (Biosen C-Line and YSI Sport 1500).

Letter to the Editor on: "Running Critical Power: A Comparison Of Different Theoretical Models".

Dear Editor,I read with interest the study by Ruiz-Alias et al. on different critical power models in running 1. The study offers valuable insights into the application of critical power in running, highlighting considerable discrepancies between different methods of estimation.

World and European Rowing Medallists Pace With Smaller Variation Than Their Competitors.

To establish the relation between pacing pattern and performance, within sex, and number of crew members, at the very highest performance level in World class rowing. Pacing profiles based on official 500 m split times in 106 A-finals with six contesting boat crews ( = 636 crews), in recent World (2017-2019) and European (2017-2021) championships, were analyzed. The coefficient of variation (CV) and sum of relative differences (SRD) of the split times, and normalized velocities in the four segments of the race, were compared between performance levels, that is, placement (1st-6th), and subgroups based on sex (female or male) and number of crew members (one, two, or four).

Stronger Is Better: The Impact of Upper Body Strength in Double Poling Performance.

The purpose of the present study was to compare time results from a roller-skiing double poling (DP) time trial with different physiological variables, muscular strength variables, and DP characteristics in both male and female young competitive skiers with the same relative training background. In order to do this, 28 (16 women and 12 men) well-trained 16-25-year-old cross-country skiers from three Norwegian high schools for skiers, as well as local high performance competitive skiers from the South-East of Norway were recruited to participate in the study. All participants were tested for; maximal oxygen uptake in running, Peak oxygen uptake in DP, lactate threshold in DP, DP economy, time to voluntary exhaustion in DP, force analyses in DP, one repetition maximum and power output in pulldown, and leg press and a time trial during DP roller skiing.

Vitamin C and E supplementation does not affect heat shock proteins or endogenous antioxidants in trained skeletal muscles during 12 weeks of strength training.

Background: Supplementation with large doses of antioxidants, such as vitamin C and E, has been shown to blunt some adaptations to endurance training. The effects of antioxidant supplementation on adaptations to strength training is sparsely studied. Herein we investigated the effects of vitamin C and E supplementation on acute stress responses to exercise and adaptation to traditional heavy load strength training.

Higher Drop in Speed during a Repeated Sprint Test in Soccer Players Reporting Former Hamstring Strain Injury.

Hamstring strain injury is common in soccer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the physical capacity of players who have and have not suffered from hamstring strain injury in a sample of semi-professional and professional Norwegian soccer players in order to evaluate characteristics and to identify possible indications of insufficient rehabilitation. Seventy-five semi-professional and professional soccer players (19 ± 3 years) playing at the second and third level in the Norwegian league participated in the study.

Effects of vitamin C and E supplementation on endogenous antioxidant systems and heat shock proteins in response to endurance training.

Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species are important signal molecules for adaptations to training. Due to the antioxidant properties of vitamin C and E, supplementation has been shown to blunt adaptations to endurance training. In this study, we investigated the effects of vitamin C and E supplementation and endurance training on adaptations in endogenous antioxidants and heat shock proteins (HSP).

The effect of combined resisted agility and repeated sprint training vs. strength training on female elite soccer players.

The aim of this study was to compare the effects of in-season combined resisted agility and repeated sprint training with strength training on soccer players' agility, linear single sprint speed, vertical jump, repeated sprint ability (RSA), and aerobic capacity. Twenty well-trained elite female soccer players of age ± SD 19.4 ± 4.

Residual effects of prior exercise and recovery on subsequent exercise-induced metabolic responses.

Data on the metabolic responses to repeated endurance exercise sessions are limited. Thus, the aims of this study were to examine (1) the impact of prior exercise on metabolic responses to a subsequent exercise session and (2) the effect of different recovery periods between two daily exercise sessions on metabolic responses to the second bout of exercise. Nine male elite athletes participated in four 25-h trials: one bout of exercise (ONE), two bouts of exercise separated by 3 h of rest and one meal (SHORT), two bouts of exercise separated by 6 h of rest and two meals (LONG), and a trial with no exercise (REST).

Immuno-endocrine and metabolic responses to long distance ski racing in world-class male and female cross-country skiers.

The purpose of this study was to characterize the extent of immune, endocrine, substrate and metabolic changes during a long-distance cross-country ski race in extremely well-trained athletes and evaluate if the blood perturbations would indicate signs of health risk. Ten male (M) and six female (F) national team skiers were investigated as they followed their usual routines of race preparations. Blood samples were drawn before and immediately after a World Cup 50-km M and 30-km F ski race with a mean finish time of 142 and 104 min, respectively.

Recovery time affects immunoendocrine responses to a second bout of endurance exercise.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of different durations of rest between two bouts of exercise on immunoendocrine responses during and after the second bout of exercise. Nine endurance athletes participated in three 25-h trials: 1) complete bed rest (REST), 2) two bouts of exercise separated by 3 h of rest (SHORT), and 3) two bouts of exercise separated by 6 h of rest (LONG). Each cycle ergometer exercise bout lasted 75 min at 75% of maximal O(2) uptake.

Enhanced plasma IL-6 and IL-1ra responses to repeated vs. single bouts of prolonged cycling in elite athletes.

The impact of repeated bouts of exercise on plasma levels of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) was examined. Nine well-trained men participated in four different 24-h trials: Long [two bouts of exercise, at 0800-0915 and afternoon exercise (Ex-A), separated by 6 h]; Short (two bouts, at 1100-1215 and Ex-A, separated by 3 h); One (single bout performed at the same Ex-A as second bout in prior trials); and Rest (no exercise). All exercise bouts were performed on a cycle ergometer at 75% of maximal O(2) uptake and lasted 75 min.