Diet quality of Norwegian children at 3 and 7 years: changes, predictors and longitudinal association with weight.

Background/objectives: Poor diet quality in early life can have long-term health effects, but the evidence is largely from cross-sectional studies. Our objective was to examine diet quality of Norwegian children by applying a-priori diet quality indices, identify early life determinants and examine prospective associations with overweight.

Subjects/methods: We included 34,074 preschoolers (3-year-olds) and 18,350 school-aged children (7-years-olds) from the prospective, population-based Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study.

Recurrent cannabis use among Norwegian students: Prevalence, characteristics, and polysubstance use.

Background: Research on cannabis has focused on lifetime use or regular/heavy use (i.e., daily or almost daily).

Cohort profile: cerebral palsy in the Norwegian and Danish birth cohorts (MOBAND-CP).

Purpose: The purpose of MOthers and BAbies in Norway and Denmark cerebral palsy (MOBAND-CP) was to study CP aetiology in a prospective design.

Participants: MOBAND-CP is a cohort of more than 210 000 children, created as a collaboration between the world's two largest pregnancy cohorts-the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort study (MoBa) and the Danish National Birth Cohort. MOBAND-CP includes maternal interview/questionnaire data collected during pregnancy and follow-up, plus linked information from national health registries.

A meta-analysis of decision-making and attention in adults with ADHD.

Objective: Deficient reward processing has gained attention as an important aspect of ADHD, but little is known about reward-based decision-making (DM) in adults with ADHD. This article summarizes research on DM in adult ADHD and contextualizes DM deficits by comparing them to attention deficits.

Method: Meta-analytic methods were used to calculate average effect sizes for different DM domains and continuous performance task (CPT) measures.

Favourable trends in incidence of AMI in Norway during 2001-2009 do not include younger adults: a CVDNOR project.

Aims: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) incidence reflects levels of risk factors in the general population and influences coronary heart disease mortality rates. We examined trends in AMI incidence in Norway during 2001-2009 and potential differences between sex and age groups.

Methods: All AMI hospitalizations (ICD9 410; ICD10 I21, I22) and coronary out-of-hospital deaths (ICD9 410-414; ICD10 I20-I25) in Norway for individuals ≥25 years were obtained during 1994-2009.

Differences in selected lifestyle risk factors for cardiovascular disease between Sri Lankans in Oslo, Norway, and in Kandy, Sri Lanka.

Sri Lankans in Oslo have previously been shown to have lower risk of cardiovascular disease compared with those in Kandy, Sri Lanka. Here we present lifestyle risk factors for cardiovascular diseases: frequency and type of fat consumed, frequency of fruit and vegetable intake, alcohol consumption, and leisure time physical activity between 1145 Sri Lankans living in Oslo and 678 Tamils and Sinhalese Sri Lankans living in Kandy as possible explanatory factors for the differences observed. Those in Oslo were consuming healthier fats and reported higher levels of physical activity but frequency of vegetable and fruit consumption was lower.

Increased pain sensitivity among adults reporting irritable bowel syndrome symptoms in a large population-based study.

The aim of this study was to examine whether irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is associated with increased somatic pain sensitivity in a large population-based sample and to test whether this association was independent of sex, age, comorbid chronic pain, and psychological distress. Pain sensitivity tests included assessment of heat-pain threshold (N=4054) and pressure-pain threshold (N=4689) and of cold-pressor pain intensity and tolerance (N=10,487). Cox regression and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to assess the relationship between IBS and pain sensitivity in stepwise multivariate models.