Termination of Resuscitation Rules for In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest.

Importance: There are no validated decision rules for terminating resuscitation during in-hospital cardiac arrest. Decision rules may guide termination and prevent inappropriate early termination of resuscitation.

Objective: To develop and validate termination of resuscitation rules for in-hospital cardiac arrest.

Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (H5N5) detected in an Atlantic walrus () in the Svalbard Archipelago, Norway, 2023.

We present the first documented case of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) subtype H5N5 in an Atlantic walrus (). The animal was found dead in Svalbard, Norway, in 2023. Sequence analysis revealed the highest genetic similarity with virus isolates from different avian hosts.

Investigating the threat to Sitka spruce from Ips typographus: discrimination and colonization of Britain's principal commercial conifer by a damaging forest pest.

Background: Ips typographus (L.), the eight-toothed spruce bark beetle (Coleoptera: Scolytinae), has devastated European Norway spruce (Picea abies) forests in recent years. For the first time, I.

Noise-Tolerant Force Calculations in Density Functional Theory: A Surface Integral Approach for Wavelet-Based Methods.

We introduce a method for computing quantum mechanical forces through surface integrals over the stress tensor within the framework of the density functional theory. This approach avoids the inaccuracies of traditional force calculations using the Hellmann-Feynman theorem when applied to multiresolution wavelet representations of orbitals. By integrating the quantum mechanical stress tensor over surfaces that enclose individual nuclei, we achieve highly accurate forces that exhibit superior consistency with the potential energy surface.

Associations Between Delousing Practices and Pasteurellosis in Farmed Atlantic Salmon.

Infections with bacteria of the genus Pasteurella have increased in occurrence in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) farms in Norway since 2018. This increase coincides with increased use of non-medicinal treatments against the parasitic salmon louse, Lepeophtheirus salmonis, in the farms. Here, we analysed the statistical association between the use of non-medicinal delousing methods and pasteurellosis in salmon farming in western Norway, from 2018 to 2023.

Contrasting habitat associations and ecophysiological adaptations drive interspecific growth differences among Himalayan high-mountain plants.

Background And Aims: Understanding interspecific differences in plant growth rates and their internal and external drivers is key to predicting species responses to ongoing environmental changes. Annual growth rates vary among plants based on their ecological preferences, growth forms, ecophysiological adaptations, and evolutionary history. However, the relative importance of these factors remains unclear, particularly in high-mountain ecosystems experiencing rapid changes.

Individualized developmental care interventions for promoting development and preventing morbidity in preterm infants.

This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows: To assess the benefits and harms of individualized developmental care interventions for promoting development and preventing morbidity in preterm infants.

Alternative Complement Pathway in Carotid Atherosclerosis: Low Plasma Properdin Levels Associate With Long-Term Cardiovascular Mortality.

Background: Complement activation may promote atherosclerosis. Yet, data on the to which extent complement, and more specifically the alternative complement pathway, is activated in patients with carotid atherosclerosis and related to adverse outcome in these patients, are scarce.

Methods And Results: We measured, by ELISA, plasma levels of factor D, properdin, C3bBbP (C3 convertase), and factor H in patients with advanced carotid atherosclerosis in a (n=324) and in a (n=206) cohort in relation to adverse outcome (mean follow-up 7.

Phosphorus starvation induces the synthesis of novel lipid class diacylglyceryl glucuronide and diacylglyceryl-N,N,N-trimethylhomoserine in two species of cold-adapted microalgae Raphidonema (Chlorophyta).

Microalgae possess diverse lipid classes as components of structural membranes and have adopted various lipid remodeling strategies involving phospholipids to cope with a phosphorus (P)-limited environment. Here, we report a unique adaptative strategy to P deficient conditions in two cold-adapted microalgae, Raphidonema monicae and Raphidonema nivale, involving the lipid class diacylglyceryl glucuronide (DGGA) and the betaine lipid diacylglyceryl-N,N,N-trimethylhomoserine. Lipidomic analyses showed that these two lipid classes were present only in trace amounts in nutrient replete conditions, whereas they significantly increased under P-starvation concomitant with a reduction in phospholipids, suggesting a physiological significance of these lipid classes to combat P-starvation.

Hospital toilets and drainage systems as a reservoir for a long-term polyclonal outbreak of clinical infections with multidrug-resistant species complex.

Background: Nosocomial outbreaks with multidrug-resistant bacteria with a probable reservoir in hospital toilets and drainage systems have been increasingly reported.

Aim: To investigate an increase in bacteraemia with extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing at our hospital in 2021; the epidemiology of the outbreak suggested an environmental source.

Methods: Available clinical isolates from patient with infection or rectal carriage from 2019 to 2022 were collected.

Devonian-Mississippian magmatism related to extensional collapse in Svalbard: implications for radiating dyke swarms.

Background: Despite extensive studies of the Mesozoic-Cenozoic magmatic history of Svalbard, little has been done on the Paleozoic magmatism due to fewer available outcrops.

Methods: 2D seismic reflection data were used to study magmatic intrusions in the subsurface of eastern Svalbard.

Results: This work presents seismic evidence for west-dipping, Middle Devonian-Mississippian sills in eastern Spitsbergen, Svalbard.

Facilitating children's communication in problem-solving activities with a coding toy: teachers' semiotic mediation in early childhood education and care.

This study investigates the role of teacher mediation in facilitating children's communication during problem-solving, play-based coding activities with Kubo, a screen-free coding toy, in Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC) settings. Following an initial observation involving nine kindergarten teachers and 36 children, a workshop was held to identify elements that teachers considered relevant for facilitating children's use of verbal and non-verbal communication. Key mediation elements, such as multimodal communication, planning, time, humor, and reflective questioning, were identified during the workshop and applied in a subsequent observation with the same participants.

Loss of increases type I interferon signalling and reduces pancreatic tumour growth by enhancing immune cell infiltration.

Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal forms of cancer, and despite low incidence rates, it remains the sixth leading cause of cancer related deaths worldwide. Immunotherapy, which aims to enhance the immune system's ability to recognize and eliminate cancer cells, has emerged as a promising approach in the battle against PDAC. PARP7, a mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase, is a negative regulator of the type I interferon (IFN-I) pathway and has been reported to reduce anti-tumour immunity.

Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals a serotype-specific immune response in Nile tilapia () infected with .

is a major causative agent of streptococcosis in Nile tilapia () and understanding its etiology is important to ensure the sustainable development of global tilapia farming. Our research group recently observed contrasting disease patterns in animals infected with two different serotypes (Ib and III). To better understand the basis for these divergent responses, we analyzed the brain transcriptome of Nile tilapia following bacterial exposure.

Methodological Approaches to Comparative Trend Analyses: The Case of Adolescent Toothbrushing.

Objectives: Research questions about how and why health trends differ between populations require decisions about data analytic procedure. The objective was to document and compare the information returned from stratified, fixed effect and random effect approaches to data modelling for two prototypical descriptive research questions about comparative trends in toothbrushing.

Methods: Data included five cycles of the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children 2006 to 2022, which provided a sample of 980192 11- to 15- year olds from 35 countries.

Associations between degree of food processing and all-cause and cause-specific mortality: a multicentre prospective cohort analysis in 9 European countries.

Background: Ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption has been linked with higher risk of mortality. This multi-centre study investigated associations between food intake by degree of processing, using the Nova classification, and all-cause and cause-specific mortality.

Methods: This study analyzed data from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition.

Targeted barcoding of variable antibody domains and individual transcriptomes of the human B-cell repertoire using Link-Seq.

Here, we present Link-Seq, a highly efficient droplet microfluidic method for combined sequencing of antibody-encoding genes and the transcriptome of individual B cells at large scale. The method is based on 3' barcoding of the transcriptome and subsequent single-molecule PCR in droplets, which freely shift the barcode along specific gene regions, such as the antibody heavy- and light-chain genes. Using the immune repertoire of COVID-19 patients and healthy donors as a model system, we obtain up to 91.

Maximising informativeness for target capture-based phylogenomics in (Ericaceae).

Plant phylogenetics has been revolutionised in the genomic era, with target capture acting as the primary workhorse of most recent research in the new field of phylogenomics. Target capture (aka Hyb-Seq) allows researchers to sequence hundreds of genomic regions (loci) of their choosing, at relatively low cost per sample, from which to derive phylogenetically informative data. Although this highly flexible and widely applicable method has rightly earned its place as the field's standard, it does not come without its challenges.

Short-time cycling performance in young elite cyclists: related to maximal aerobic power and not to maximal accumulated oxygen deficit.

Purpose: To explore the relationships between performance variables and physiological variables in a short-time (2-3 min) cycling time trial (TT) on a cycle ergometer.

Methods: Fifteen young elite cyclists (age: 17.3 ± 0.

Nudging in the nursing home: A qualitative interpretive study.

Background: Nudging involves deliberately changing the environment or context to induce better choices. Several studies consider such methods unethical manipulation that threatens the principles of informed consent and autonomy, which are particularly vital in healthcare. Others argue that nudging respects personal freedom because it is not in conflict with the person's explicit values or choices, beneficial, and easy to resist.

Combined Proteasome and Autophagy Inhibition in Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma-A Phase I Trial of Hydroxychloroquine, Carfilzomib, and Dexamethasone.

Multiple myeloma is characterized by malignant cells which produce high amounts of monoclonal immunoglobulin. Myeloma cells are, therefore, dependent on effective protein degradation. Proteasomal protein degradation is targeted by proteasome inhibitors in routine care.

Pickering Emulsions Stabilized by Hybrid TiO-pNIPAm Composites for the Photocatalytic Degradation of 4-Propylbenzoic Acid.

Pickering emulsions (PEs) have demonstrated significant potential in various fields, including catalysis, biomedical applications, and food science, with notable advancements in wastewater treatment through photocatalysis. This study explores the development and application of TiO-poly(-isopropylacrylamide) (pNIPAm) composite gels as a novel framework for photocatalytic wastewater remediation. The research focuses on overcoming challenges associated with conventional nanoparticle-based photocatalytic systems, such as agglomeration and inefficient recovery of particles.

Ostwald Process Intensification by Catalytic Oxidation of Nitric Oxide.

The Ostwald process is one of the commercial pathways for the production of nitric acid (HNO), a key component in the production of nitrate fertilizers. The Ostwald process is a mature, extensively studied, and highly optimized process, and there is still room for further intensification. The process can be further intensified by catalyzing the homogeneous oxidation of nitric oxide to nitrogen dioxide.

Observation of super-Alfvénic slippage of reconnecting magnetic field lines on the Sun.

Slipping motions of magnetic field lines are a distinct signature of three-dimensional magnetic reconnection, a fundamental process driving solar and stellar flares. While being a key prediction of numerical experiments, the rapid super-Alfvénic field line slippage driven by the 'slip-running' reconnection has remained elusive in previous observations. New frontiers into exploring transient flare phenomena were introduced by recently designed high cadence observing programs of the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS).